Battery in future

Done

by

Premkumar.S

Deva.R

INTRODUCTION

The creation of paper battery drew from a diverse

pool of disciplines, requiring expertise in material

science, energy storage and chemistry.

A paper battery is an electronic battery engineered

to use a spacer formed largely of cellulose. It

incorporates nanoscale structure to act as high

surfaces-area electrodes to improve conductivity.

Principle

• The battery produces electricity in the same way

as the conventional lithium-ion batteries, but all

the components have been incorporated into a

lightweight, flexible sheet of paper.

• A conventional Li-ion battery can be incorporated

in cellulose-nanotube composite.

Li-ion Battery

Constructed using graphite rod,

lithium cobalt oxide as electrodes and

LiPF6 as electrolyte.

Nominal cell voltage of 3.6-3.7V.

Used in laptop, mobiles, other

consumer electronics.

However it is expensive, delicate, has

high internal resistance and safety

concerns.

NICD Battery Rechargeable battery using nickel

oxide hydroxide and metallic

cadmium as electrodes.

Terminal voltage of 1.2V.

Rugged, high specific power, long

life light.

Used in UPS, portable power tools,

photography equipment, flashlights

and portable electronic devices.

Problems with conventional

batteries

Lower specific power compared to fuels.

Weight and size

High charging time

Environmental hazards

Explosion, corrosion, leakage

High cost

Terminal voltage constraints

Advantages

Light, rugged, flexible, can be rolled, crunched, cut, made into any shape.

The nano composite paper is compatible with a number of electrolyte, like blood, sweat etc..

If we stack 500 sheets together in a ream, that’s 500 times the voltage . If we rip the paper in half we cut power by 50%. So we can control the power and voltage issue.

Non toxic and hence can be used to power pacemakers and RF tags.

Environment friendly.

Limitation

Presently, the devices are only a few

inches across and they have to be scaled

up to sheets of news paper size to make it

commercially viable.

Carbon nano tubes are expensive.

The idea is still in labs and a commercially

viable paper battery will take at least 40-60

years to become a reality.

Researches in nanotechnology to mass

produce nanotubes is promising.

Application

Pace makers

Used as alternate to conventional batteries in

gadgets.

Devices in space shuttles

Powered smart cards RF tags, smart clothes.

Conclusion

The range of possible applications for paper batteries derives from their important advantages as compared to conventional battery technologies.

They can be made in virtually any shape and size to meet the requirements of each application.

They are rechargeable and have reduced cost and weight.

However the reality is still very far away, though the researches are promising.

References

Books

• No books have been written only projects is going

on in the lab.

Website

En.wikipedia.org/wiki/paper_battery

www.siteadvisor.com/sites/paperbattery.net/msgpa

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