3

Bat dilu mot thiet ke..

Khi b~k crall mQt do fm trong Revit Architecture, b9n thuang bat dau bang m~t bang san va be trl cac thanh phan ,khat len d6, B9n ca~n phai each hQc each to chuc ,cac tMnh ph:an nay tren cac tang, cach bo tril h~ hioi c(>t, [bo tn! uk thanh phan ket cau cho cong trinh, Trang chuang nay, b911 se t(;lO l~p va lam vj~c trong m~t b~hil9', hQc each Slf dL:lng cac cao trinh va h~ IIUQi d!li1h vi.

Ml}ctieu

Sau khi hoan tat chu'dng nay, bc;m se co the:

• Tl;1o I~p mQt m~t bang va be trr cae thanh phan vaG m~t ban9 nay. T90 I~p va hi~u chinh cac cao trinh trang mQt cong trinh.

Slt dl:Jng h~ luoil d!nh vi va t;Jo I~p h~ cQt.

- 43

--

Bai.; each t~o m~t bang cd ban .­

"-'

N

Tong: q'u.an ...-

Bai nay trinh bay each tQ:o I~p mQt mat bang' sim va b5 tri cac thimh phan c6ng trlnh van m~t bang' nay de bat aau thiet ke mQt cong trinh. B~n se bat dau bai' hQc bang cach tim hieu cac blioc can thiet de tl,'lCl' lap cae but tl10ng trcmg m~t !bang sim. IKe den, bc~m hoc ve kkh thlioc t?m va cac cong trQ giup khi ve. Tiep t~C, bi;ln se hQc mQt val thao tae nen dung de bo trf tliOng. Sili hQc se kel thuc b~ng rnQt bail ~p VOl Iilqi dung them tl10ng tren mi;>t m~t b~ng san.

Revlt Architecture cung cap caL m~t bang san de b~n tUng bl10c be Oil€: m~t bang bang each ran I'Lfqt: dlJ'a vao cae tl1anh ph'an nhU' tHong, CLr'a ai, eua 56, san, va cac thanh ph"an dQc 'j~p '-'" kh<3c. B~n dung cac kfch th'lJ'oc va cac lien ket de kiem soat va the hi~n v.! trf cac thanh phan nay.

.........

...­

....,.I

M~[ bang san voil each thanh ph'an twong, cUa di, cU'a s6 va Call thang

'--'"

Ml}C th~u

........"Sau khil hoan tat· chtfdng nay, b<?n se co the:

T~o I~p tuong tren m~t bang san.

Hi'eu dUDc kich thl10c ti;im.

Hil~u dl1Qc cong Cl,l trQ glup v€!. --..-./

Xac d!nh cae thao tac nen dung khi t~o f~p tl1Ong.

T<;Io I~p them nhi'eu but tl10ng vim m~t b21I1g san. -...../

'-.../

'­44 • ChllCfng 3: Bat oafJ m9t thiet ke

I l ,I' , A '" ~each t,o cae blic tu'ting tren m~t. bang Tuang la thanh ph'2ln co bim eLla mQt eang tr'il1h. Tl10ng cGog Ii! cd so de clf8 oil va eLia so dl1QC rap d~t vao dong thCti III phlidng ti~n de dinh !uQ'ng di~n tich cae khong gian cong nang. B~n t<;lO I~p tuang clIa mQt 06ng brinh tren m~t bang san.

Voi Revit Architecture, luang la nnG'ng thanh phan the hi~n cae but Wong trong thl!e teo Khi t90 lapi ohan tl1C1'ngl du'Q'c lien ket vaa cae cao d9 fang nh\!.ling ~hong tif oQllglien ket VaG cae thanh ptlan khclc clla cong tr,lnh nrnu' mall val tran. B<;I11 phai lien kel chung mot caeh thu c6ng bang each sLi dl,mg cong CVI Attatch va Detatch trong thanh chQIil II/al (Option Bar).

Bi;J1l co tne sli dl,lng cac kieu tu'ang sau day trang cang trinh.

• Gener:ic Tu'ang co cau t90 rat don gi~n. Chung 'Ia cae kieu (type) ella chung IOi;li h~ thong (System iPa,mily) c6 ten I'a Basic Wall. Chungr I09i htong nay dfa d\!fO'c tfch hQ'p troUig Default Project Template voi cac kiev khac nhau dl1.Q'c phalil bi~t qua chieUl day cua chung. B9M c6 the quy dinh bat ky kieu tliang n'i3:Q lam, Generic

• Complex Tuong c6 cau t(ilO phuc ~p hd'n voi nhieu lop v~t li~U :khat. nhau nhtf mQt bU'c tuang trong thl/c teo B2m than moi Idp Inay la mot IOi;)i v~t li¢u baa phu toim bQ be m~t tu'bng nhu tam thi;leh cao, khung de gam cae lop thi;lch cao, lop each nhi~t, lop khol1g khi, lap g9ch va lop hoiul thi~n

• rCurtain Curtain Wall I,a tuang g,om cac tam dl1Q'c dUQc gan d~ttheo mqt lh~ thong Iu'oi. Bl;in co the gan v~t I,j~u cho tlfng tam nay; quy dinh tiet dj~n, kkh thu'oc, v~t li~u cho h~ thong Iudi de c6 h~ thong d6 nhl1 trong, thl/c te

• Stacked Gam cac kie'u Ikhac nhau eua chung I09i tl1ang Basic xep chang lerl :nlnau

Quy trinh: Cae ~o I~p tu'ong

TU2tn W lam thea cac bu'oi sau day de ti;lO I~p tu'onQl.

1. Tren Design Bar, trong tab Modelling ho~e Basics, chQn Wall.

2. ChQn IQi;li tl!..r'ang can dung trong danh sikh cua Type Selector.

3. li.ren Options Bar, chqn vi tni ouon9 d!nh vi trong danh sach cua Loc Line.

4. Tlren Option Bar, chqn lien ket dau t110n9' trong danh sach Height de quy djnh chieu cao aua tuOng.

Lu'u y: Neu b9n chqn Unconnected frong danh sikh Height, Ihay nh~p gia tri chleu cao vao Height.

5. Nhap vao mQt diem bat KY tmng Ihinh ehieu m~t bEing de xac dinh diem bat dau cua tl1ang, IDi ehuyell chuQt de ve. Chu y den I<fch thudc t9m thai dong thoi hi~n ra bieu hi~n chieu dai (Ibang mm) va phl!1'ong (banQl d'Q} cua tuong'.

lu'U y: Neu b9n dung cong cl,lIIPiCk Lines, chqn mQt d110ng trollg Drawing Area; neu bi;m dung cong cu Pick Faces, chQn m(>t m~t se la m~t cua tl10ng trQng Drawirng Area.

6. Tren Design Bar, chc;m Modify de cham dUt cong vi~c ve tu'ang. Bi;ln se thay buc Wong du'l;1c be tri phu hQ'p v6'i I1Qi dung da dtirjc quy dinh trong Loe Line. Chieu cao ella tl10ng du'Q'c xac djnh !bang cao dQ lien Iket hay blmg mQt ,gia rtrj Cl)' tine cua cao dQ.

B(k each t.;}o m~t oo'ng cd ban • 45

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-./Kha'i q1uat ve kich tllu'OC t~m

Kleh thLioe t<;lm bieu th! iklch co ella V'~t the va mol quan h~ vi tri vai mQt v~t the niw do du'<;1c -...../

ch(;m tl'ong m~t b~.Ing. NnU'ng k[ch bhu'oe nay giup b~n tqo I~p m~t btmg eua mQt cong tdnh khi each bo tri cae thanh phan vao COr;J9 trinh mQt ca~h eh[nh Kac.

Djnh nghia ve cae ikich thu'dc ~m

Kich thL10e t<;lm se Ol/<;1c hien thi khJ bi?n chQ'n mQt thanln phIm. NhQ'ng klch thtJac nay se dL1c;1c -' hien th! theQ gia tr! tham chieu voi thanh phan gan nha't vuong goc voi thanh pnali1 bi;m dang tqo. Vi dl,ll1lhlf, klch thu'dc tc;3m eLla tliang dtiQc hien th! tlt diem dau den d-iem cu6i eua tu'ong.

...../

Kich thu'ac chi dinh (listening Dimensions) Kich thl1dc chi dinh I-a, kich thl10c t<;lm n'hling s~n sang de b~1i1 co the thay doi gia tr! Cl,l the --../ cua no. Kkh thu'oc chi dlnh dLi<;1c bhe hi~n duoil di;mg in d~m (Bold) va thay doi ikhi foc.ln ti;lo I~p mQt thanh phan, VI dl,J nhlI tu'ong. Bc;3n c6 Xclc dinh 'kieh thl10c chi d!nh trong qua trifilh t90 I~p

Gae fhanh phall'. 8c;3111 ding co the' hi~U chinh I<joh thu'dC chi djnh sau khi da lap d~t cae t'hanh phan vao trang eong trinh,

each xem kich' thuoc t~m

Khi bt.J'O ch(;m foa't cLt mQt tharnh phan nao, kfoh thuoc t9m ella thanh p'haA d6 se hi~n len cung -' voi cat kfch thu'crc lien h~ vail thanh phan galil nhat. Do do, hinh thCtc the hi~n ella klch thu'dC t:Qm nay se khae vdi hinh- thuc the' hl~n eua kich ~hu'oe 96C. B9n co. the nhap ehuQt vaa Modify trong Design Bar de cham dLit qua trinh lap 6~t nhtf lap d~t eU'a 50 hay cham dUt sl,Ji II/a ch9n rnqt v~t the. Bqn co the di chuye'n du'ong dong ctia kkh thl10t tc;3m thdi den nhU'ng thanh phtm kh,3c thee y muon. De lam dl1Qc di€tJ nay, bgn chon a vuon9 (goi '1.3 Move Witness Wine --../

Square Control) nam tren dLiang dong va di chuyen den trhann phan khi3c. NhU'ng bhay doi dL10ng dong se khong du'Qc lL1u 191.

'--'

Hi~u ,chinh Ikich thu'ae ~m' thoi - Hi~u chinh Cae thanh phib, Bqn e6 the bhay doi kich co hay di chuyen cae thanh phan bang each thay d-oi klch thu'dC ~m -­thol. Vf dl,l: bc.ln c6 th~ dl chuyen bCtc tUJ'ong ngan gjua hal phong ban-9 each ehinh sUa cae kieh thl10c t~m tho,i lien quan.

TrQng pharn minh fFIQa du'di day, hinh ben trail cho bieu th! bU'e tu'ong dL1C;1c chon. Sau .khi bi;ln hi~u chlnh rnQt kich thl1de t9m tho" phia ben traj tU' 8 f~et thanh 6 feet (2,4 met thanh 1,8 met); bLte tl10ng se di chuyen sang ben trai hai feet nhu' hinh ben phai. ..........­

'-'"

8'.0" 10' .0"6' - 0"1 .-.-.

TrU'oc khi hi~u chfnh Sau khi hi~u chinh

'"-. ­.. Chu'dng 3: Bat dau m9t thief ke

--../

46

Nh~filg hinh du'd! day minh hoa kfch thu'Oc chi d!nh va kich thLfGc t9m thai.

•

It "

...

kJch thLf6'c chi d!nh Kfch thLfoc t<;lm thai

Khili quat vi n1hun,g·trg g~up deve Ngoai kich thWJc, Rev-it con cung cap cac chi 55 khac de cong trilllh dlJ<;jc thiet ke mQt each chinh xac. NhG'ng tr9' .ghJp nay baa gam: kfch thu'6'c chi o,nh, cac dlJang d6ng va' e6ng C!,r bat diem nhanh (Snaps).

f)inh ngia cua nhung trQ giup de vi!

NhU'ng tr<;1 giUp de ve se xuat hi~n khi b~n t<;30 l~p hay lap d~t cae v~t the trong qua: trinh sd phik mQt thiet ke. Vi dl,l: Khi b~n lap d~t mqt but tlJdng vao trong mQt cong trinh, kich thUl'oc ehi dlnh va cae dLfong dong se xua't hi~n oe chi Ira moi lien quan ve V,! tri eua n6 voi nh[Jng but tu'ong gan do. Khi b<;3n lien iket mQt buc tu'ong vai mQt [bue ttrdng qang hi~n hQ'u, mQt d~u hi~u bieu hi~.n V,! tri d~c bi~t (Snap) ella tl10ng hi~n hU'u 'se hi~n I€ln.

f)u'ang dong

Du'ong dong xl!Ja't hi~n klhi bi;m dll chuyen can tro thea chieu ngan.g hay doc, ho~c khi con tro bat g~p rnQt diem tren phuong eua mQt dl1ang 'hi;lY mQt buc tlJang trong qua trinhl lap d~t m9t thanh phan.

Diu hi~u eual cite vi tri dijc bi~t (Snaps) Oau hi~u ella nhLtng vi trf d~c bi~t elila mQt v~t the se xuat hi~Til khi bc;m di ohuyen can tro den

......., v~t the do trang qua tliinh sd ph-ac, VI dl,J nhl1: diem cu5i, diem giiJa. Cae diem nay co nhCi'ng dau hi$u rieng bi~t de' nh~n di:mg.

Nhung hinh dllI'oi day se minh hoa nhU'ng du'ong d'6ng, ngang vi! dU'ng; diem cuoi va diem giQ'a.

~ i .. _.. ·It.

DLfong dong ngang cae dLfong dong dU'ng

Bai: each [?Jo m$t bang co ban • 47

--

'-oJ'

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......,

Diem cu6i Diem giCi'a

Cae hu'ong dSn de lbo tri tu'ong Cae buc ttJang la nhU'ng thanh phan co so ella m~t bang san. B9n co the t90 I~p nhieu kieu '-...J'

tuang kh~c nhau trong tiliet ke mQt cong trinh. Cac bUCJc thl/c hanh toi uu du6'] day se giup b9n tiilo I~p tliang mQt each hi~Ui qua.

~

tKhi ve tuang, chon mQt dtleu cao e~ the hay lien ket dau tuong voi cae cao trinh. Xac d(nh chi"eu cao tu'ong 'theo cao trinh tu'o'n9 ting se c:hinh xac va nhanh han.

......."

T90 I~p, cao do tu'ang baa tll tang 'thap nhat den tang cao rnhat; cao dQ tuang ngan bang cao dQ tang. V6'i c~ch t~o I~p nhLf v~.y, phan baa Clla cong trlnl1 se hoan toan giongr nnallJ trong tat ca cac m~t bang va b9n chi can thay doi cae be tri phan ben trong rna thai. "-"

De tiet ki~m thoi gian, bi~m nen sLr' d\,lng phu'ong phap nh~p ,gia tri eua khaimg each de ~L1ang dL1<;}C lap d~t ehinh xac. ­

Ne'u b~m dung phuong phap Draw de ti;jO I~p tuong, bi;jn khong can phai d,ieu kl1lien con tro qui! chinn xac vi Snaps se giup bi;ln bo tril tuan9l1iam d;ieUi nay. Neu e6 Sl! Ian IQn giU'a ---' cac diellil d~c bi~t do hinh filieh th! qua nh6, b9n nen phonQl to thanih ph'an do len. Bi;ln cung co the- xac djllh Ikhoang cach chinn xa'e VaG bat ky luc nao.

Bi;jn sit dl,mg tuy ch<;m Chain tllen phalil Optiorn klni t~o I~p cac but tLfang lien tl,lC ke't noi nhau nham t~et kli~m thai gian.

Stf ol,mg cae c6ng ct,J dong hang (Alignment) de dinh vi chJnh xac cae but tu'ong m6'i va cae but tL10ng da co s8n. Neu b911 sJ d~:mg thzmh th~o, cac cong Cl,l dong hang nhu' Align va Trim se giup bi;ln tiet ki~m rat nhieu thai gian.

Bangl cach n'h~p nhGing m~t bang tLt CAD, b<;ln c6 the Stf dl,lng II~i nhU'ng thong tin da co s~n trong cac m~t bang: do.

B<;In co ~ne can Ic;ti hay chon cac dl1dng trong cac t~p tin ella CAD de t<;lO I~p cae thanh -­pnan trong; Revjt mQt each chfl1h xac. Tu do CORg trinh S6 xuat hi~n trong Revit mot each rnhanh chong. ---/

De ch~m nhieu tL..fang ng,oai (iua cong trinh cung mQt hk, dl clluyen chUQt den imQt but tu'ong bat kY - an nut Tab tren b~m phfm va nhan phim brai chuQt, to~m IbQ se dU<;1c chon

--..."

chU' khong can phai chon tU'ng bU'c tuang rieng Ie, each nay giup bi;jll khong phai Ilfa chon nhieu l,an.

--.../

.--./48 • ChU'(/ng 3: Bat c!au mt5t thiet ke'

-../

Hinh dL1ai day minh hQa vi~c ehQn rnQt chuoi cae du'ang bang cach phuong phap vua de ~p kh» SU",dl,mg cong Cl,I tu'ang. .

_.-~ C

-......,;

Bai; each tt{Jo m~t bang Cd ban • 49

'-'

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-.--"Bid t~p:' '80 tri them tu'ang vao m~t·bang san

Trang bili tap nay, bc~m se mo· t~p tin dl/ an va them cae but tl1ang vaa m~t bang san. B~n dang thiet ke dlj an mot tr~m eLru hoa va can phaiib6 trf them cck buc tuong (ho :khoi himh chanh. 6i;m ding sa dl:mg kidh thuoe tQm de hi~u chinh vi tri cua cae tl1C1ng.

B~n thl/e hi~1i1 cae thao tae sau:

Bo trl them tl10ng vaa cong trinh_.

I< Thay dol gia' tr! ella kk'h thuoc ti?m.

L,,I I I

I~I 1

I I

I

Bai ~p hoim tat

Hoan tit baj ~;p

De' hoim tat bai t~Pil t.hea cae bu'O'c trong quyen sach nay hCi~C trong Ibai r~p tren man hlnh. Trang d~nh sac'h cac chu'ong va bai t~p tren man hinh, rnhap van Chapter 3: Start/ng a Design. Nhap vilO Exercise.: Add Walls in a Floor Plan lI7ew.

80 tri them tu'ong vilo cong trinh

:1. M6' Lfir~station_baslcp/an.rvt ho~c

m_firestEtion_basicplan.rvt. T~p tin se md ra trong m~t bangl TImg lrr~t.

Chu y: 8~n se nhin thc3Y tl1ong, cot, h~ 1110i cot va eae kfch thl10e 6' ntia phan phfa tren ellal m~t bang san. NhG'ng dl10ng mau xanh I'a va dO. trang m~t bang Ila ella t~p tin CAD aa dl1Qc nh~p san nham eun9 cap thong tin ella ala die'in xay dlfng va dl10ng bao n,goai oua m~t bang eong tiinh. IB~n se sU' dl:Jng t~p tin nay bong bl10t ike tiep.

50 • Chuting 3: BJt aau m9t thief ke

2. Tren thanh cong Cl,J View, nhap vao Zoom '-" 1m.

3. Ve cira so quanh du'ong vien chG' nh~t mau xanh hi! cay.

+ $ --' i

Q>

Mal) hlnh se phong to hinh chu iilh~t nay. Day la ndi bqn se them cae buc tuang vao.

4. T~en Design Bar, trong tab Basics, nhap Vi30 Wall.

5. Tren thanh Options, trong danh sikh Type Selector, hay dam baa rtmg Basie Wall co: Genenic - 6" (BasiC Wall : Generic - 150 mm) da du'Q'e ch9n.

6,. Tren Options Bar:

Dam bi30 rang b~m da chQn Draw. Trang danh sckh Loe Line, chQn Core Fa.ce: Exterior. '-'"

Nhap vao I~nh Rectangle.

7. Trang man hinh, di Chwyen eon tro den goe tren trai cua hinh QhiJ nh~t mau xanh 113. rKhi thay diem d~c bi~t (hinh yuong) co ten

...­'Ia Endpoint (diem euoi) xuat hi~n nhap nut tr,a~ ella cnuol de bat dau ve tl1ong,

-./

~

~

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8. Oi cnuyen den goe dlioi phai cua hinlil chCf 3. Di chuyen con tra den bLrc tu:ang phfa nh~t c'he> den khi thay oem d~c bi~t dUd,i,gan giua tu'dng, cho den khi mqt dau Endpoint (diem cu5ii) xuat hi~n, rrhap nut trai eua chU9t de hoim tat vi~e b5 tn cae

hi~u hlnh tam giac {diem d~c bi~t) co ten la, Midpoint (dtem gii1a) xuat lhi~11 bhll nha,p

bot h{O'ng. nut chu9t trai de· bat dau ve mQt :bUtc

. . tl1dng maio

OR

9. Tren thanh cong CI,I View, nhap viw biE~u ,I tu'Q'ng Default 3D view, cae bd'c hlang se dligc hien th! mhu' trong h]nh. Neu b~n 4. Di chuyen can tro len phla tren d'e g~p but can xem 1'5 tu'ong hdn, hay phong to tuang. Khi tha'y dau hi~U1 tam gl·ac ella chung. Midpoint thi nap nut trai chuot de hoan tat

vi~c lap d~t bLrC tl1dng moL

"-1""·-'"

WI~ : L

t::;

10. Trong Proj,ect Browser, dLl'oi m{,Jc Views (All}, Floor Plans, nhap du.p viw Ground S. Tren Optiolils Bar, nhap viw ,Modify.Floor de trd 'l<;li man hinh do.

,6" ChQn but tu'ang dun9 moL Buc tu'dng dl1Qc chuyen sang m;m do v.a cae kich

Sua cae kich thu'oc t~m thai' ella thl10c t~1rtl1 thai Sf! dl1Qc xuat hi~n,

tliong

1. Tren Design Bar, trong tab Basics, nhap v-ao Wall.

2. Tren Options Bar:

Dam bao rang b<;ln da ehQn Draw.

Trong danh sckh loc: Line, chQn centerline.

Dam bilO ran.g b~F.1 da chQn I~nh Line.

........,. Bai: each /:90 m~t bang cd ban • 51

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8. Trerl Thanh Design, nhap vao Modify. cae kkh thu'oc nay 5e bien mat.

9. Dong t~p tin rna kh6ng can hiLl.

7. Nhap vao gia tri (so olla kich thl1Oc) ella -./

kfen thl10t ben phal. Tmng 6 xuat hi~n,

nh~p vao gia tri moi 1i3 12' (3600mm) va nhan phim Enter. T110ng d11ge se di chuyen sang phai voi gia tr! kich thl10c vua d119C c~p nh~t.

........"

...­

...­

........,

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--../

-....... 52 • Cht/ong 3: Sat dEw mrjt thiet ke

'---" h ' cae cao trlnBail: T~,o I~p va hi~ C Inh'"

A'

Tong quan

Bai nay se trinh bay each t<;lO I~p va hi~u cnimh cae cao trinh ella mot eeng trinh. Bi,in se bat dau bal hQc bang vi~e timl hieu cao trinh va cach sti dl,1ng. Ke tiep, bi;ln se hQe cae buac de thanh I~p cac cao trinh va cae thao tclc nen dung de ti~o .!~p va Inieu chinh cac caD trll1h ella mot ceng trinh. Bal hOc se ke't thue bang cae bai t~p' ve caeh t90 I~p va hi~U ehinh cac cae trinh.

Bi;ln su dl:mg cck cao trinh de X8C d1nh chieu cao clla cac san trong mot cong trinh. Trang Revit Architecture, ehue nanQi cat cao trinh giong nhu' cae m~t 'sail de nhU'ng thanh pha.n c:ong trlnh chu yeu nhlf tu'ong" mal va san gan vim dllJng. Vol cae ca'o tninh, b~n se x,ac d!nh va kiem soat vi tri ella cac thanh ph'an du'eJc gan viw tang do trong mot cong trinh.

Hinh minh hoa sau day se trlnh bay nhU'ng lo~i cao trinh khac nhau trong mot cong trinh.

.~- -­ - -­ - ~-leo·.O"

D' ,

~/ ... ~/

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- -.­ - 1: : :: IV;; tr=--t H1=1 ,:sn- ~UI1f ~

IT"

I .",.dn Roo f

M\lC tieu

Sau khi ho~rn tat bai hQc nay, bc;ln se to the:

Hieu r6 cao trinh va each su dl:Jng. chung.

Thanh II~p cae cao trinh.

Xilc d!nh cae thao tilc n€m dung de t<;lO I~p va hi~U chinh cac cae trinh.

T90 I~p va hi~u chinh cae cao trinh.

Bai: T?Jo t~p va hi~u chinh cae cao trinh • 53

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--

.-../Khai quat've cao trinh Cao tninh Xck dinh cao d9 cho cae thanh phan cua !mot cong trinh. Cao trlnh c!Jng dong thai .......-.' la cd sO de hinh thanh cac m~t phang phl,Jc Vl,J cho vi~.c thiet k€ m~t bang sim hay m~t bang tran.

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f>inh nghia ve cao trinh

Trong m9t 'cong trinh, cao trlnh la cac m~t phang nam ngang, dam; nh~n chLfc nang cd so de --­cac th~m'h phan revel-host {Ia cac thanh ph'2m phai din co tang Cl,J the mal xay dl/ng dL1<;1c) nhli tu'dng, mc!ri, san, c"au thang, ram doc va, tran. B<;1n SU' d'l,mg caD trinh de cat dlnh chieu cao eua tlidng va m~t phang ngang de bo tru tm9t s6 thanh ph"an nhl1 00 d9C. C6 ha'i 10000i caD trinh: caD d9 tang va caD dQ thu'd'ng.

-..-/

Dung cao tri'nh de tlinh vi chieu cao

B~n ~o l~p CaD trinh cho m6i tang da dll<;1C quy dlnh trong (ong trinh. M6li m~t bang trong Gong trinh la mot cao trinh, va tat t-a cac thanh phIlIn du'<;1C bo trf trong m9t m~t bang deu tiu't1G quy' d!nh mol lien h~ vaj ca0 trinh ella m~t bang, do. B§'t elf luc nim trong qua trinh thiet " ­ke, bc:m cljng c6 the them hay hi~u chinh cac caD trinh. Tat ea cae tihanh ph"an gan voi caD tri.nh se di chuyen 'khi cae cao trinh di chuyen.

Rang bu9c cae thanh phan "-" Khil bc;'ln tqQ I~p mot bU-C tliang, b~n b5 rrf n6 tren mot Gi;lO trinh. Bc;'ln co the rang bU9C dau

tuang vao mot cao trinh khik hay m9t chieu cao Cl,J the. Neu co 5l/ rang bUQc, chieu cao clla tuong se tbay doi khi b9n hi~u chinh caD tninh. Neu sU' dl,Jng moi rang -bl,lQc giU'a dau tuang voi mot cao trrnh. bc;m s€ g~p thu~n l<;ji vi khil thay doi caD tliinh, chieu caD cua tuang se thay dol tlidhg Lfng.

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Cac hinh chh~'u cua cao trinh

Mot tang co m9t m~t bang ~n va mgt m~t bang tran. Ca hai m~t bang nay c6 drng ten veti ten ella caD trinlh. Neu b~n doi ten cua caD trinh, bi;U1 se du'Qc nh~c nhCt dOl tern clla m~t bang san va tran tho phu h<;jp. --Khi b9n tqO l~p mqt cao trinh mo,i, cae hinh chieu m~t bang dl1<;Jc t90 I~p mQt cach m~c dinh al1<;jc quy l!foc tren Option Bar. BC:ln c[jng' co the oht' tc;lo ra cae caD dO rna khong t90 fa cae hinh chleu bang tv'dng ung bang ctkli1 xOa d'au chQn trong 6 vuong ben c~nh Ma'ke Pilan View tten Option Bar. Tl10ng va cae thanh phan tl/a tren san c6 the Stl dl,mg. caD dQ thlJang de rang bU9C vj trf chan va dau c0Ja ch'ung, Cao'do tang clla phan dau trong ky hi~u cao trinh '--'"

dL1c;Jc the hi~n boi mau xanh, caD do thl!fang thi mau den.

Thay,(foi chfeu dai! trong IcY hi~u cua ·cao trinh

Be;tn c6 the thay dOi chieu dai trong kY hi~u clsa cao trinh (j baJ clr' hinh chieu nao dang hien tl1i tren man hinh. Neu bi;trl tha,y doi kfch co ella dliong nay brong che d9 Modd Extent, se keo thea sV bhay dail tu'dng ung trong m~t phang hinh chieu song song veti m~t phfmg hinh

~chieu dang! hi~n d-i~n tren man. hinh. Neu 51! thay dol nay <;hi dien ra trong che do View Specific Extent, thi sl/ thay doi Ghi xay ra tren hinh chieu dang hi'E.hl di~n.

54 • Cht/dng 3: sat dau mpt thief ke --­

'Hinh ell/oi day se mil1lh hQa cae 10911 cao trinn tkhcic nhau.

VIeWS (all) - Floor~

level 1 Level 2 Site

- CeIling Plans Level 1 Level 2

- 3DVJew~

(3D) Elevations (Building

E~

NOllh South West

Level~--l 10'- 0"

Top of Retaining Wall

6 114 1- ~

__Level 1 ~

O'-O"'J

FirS! Floor ~ =--u -4'-0.

~~~r~~rO~' s--- ­ ~

seoond~ :: :. I 11 "I 11 I~ : 11 __ -I~

at==j1

Cao trinh 1 va' 2 la, ok tang lien ket voi m~t bang san va m~t tliong Retaining chi Iii cao d'Q thLfang, khong co sim hay trfm.

Pal'3pet SI~- - -38"-0"

! f=£Ill Oitf3~ .r~O~ ~

Hinh chieu m~t cat VOl Cae cao trinh ..........

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bang tr-Bo. Cao trinh T<op ella

813;:' T?o I~p va hi#u chinh cae cao trinh • 55

~

. ..JXac dinh c-ac cao triln-h-

Khi bi?nl su d'l,mg t~p tin m§u de' thietr ke m9t dl,( an, Level 1 (cao trinh 1) va Level 2 (caD trinh 2) W dQl1gi hien tni trongl Project Browser Tuy thu9C vao yeu cau , b~Til co the Kac d[nh nhieu caD trinh trong mQt du' all.. f)e" xae Cljmh cac caD trinh, bc,m co the ti;lO I~p m(>t caD trinh mOl', them m9t caD brinh mai so voi nhU'ng, ,caD trinh dang hi~n hliu hay hi~u chinh cae thu9C tfnh ....,I

eua m(>t cao trinh,

189n dung I~nh level de tiilO I~p hay hi~u chinh cae cao trinh. lL~nh nay chl h09t dQng trong trong, hinn, ehieu m~t cat hay m~t dtfng,. 6<;111 ve' cae du'ong tl1c;ing tning eho cae caD trlnh can phili co. Khi bi?n can t~o I~p rnQt tang, chu yden &lu hi~u Make Plan V~ew (t~o ,I~p hinh chieL! m~t b~lng) tren Option, Bar da du'Qc chC;Jn m~e dinh. Bc;m c6 the ehQIil cao trinh d~ t~o r~,p ho~c rn~t fo.3ng san ho~c m~t bang tran ho~e ea hat Neu b~m khcng chqn phan Make Plan View, fiTlot caD trinh se du'Qc t<;lO l~p, nhl1ng cac m~t bang lien quan den cao trinh niw se khcng co. .-

Quy t1"inh:, T~o I~p rnQt cao trinh tit mQt cao trinh dil co sin Ulm theo cac bu'oc sau day de ti;}O :l~p m(>t cao trinnl moi tu m(>t caD brinh da co s~n,

1. Kieh ho9t hinh chieu cua m~t d~t hay m~t dung.

2. Tren Design Bar, tmng tab Basics, nhap vao Level. -3., Tren Options Bar, be dau chQn a 0 Make P'lan View nellJ bi;ln muon I~p mQt cao trinh thl1ong.

4. Tren OptiollS Bar, nM:p \faD Pick liines. Xac dinh gia trj khoimg cach ,hi dl!iong cao mnh hi~n hCtu nao do delil cao trinh sap du'QC t90 I~p tlOng 6 Offset.

5. INhap vao dl10ng cao tr'inh hi~n hiJu ma b~n chQn d tren. iM(:>t du'ang cao trlli1h moi dl1l1c t90 I~p.

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Q,uy tllinh: Hi~u chinh CaC cao trinh

Lam theo cac bL1oc: saUl da,y de biet cach 'hi~u chinh m(>t cao trinh oa co s~n.

1. Nhap vao mQf dLfong ca,o trinh de hien th! cac diem kiem soat cua dl10ng cao trinh - ­uang ky hi~u cao trinh.

u

~

2. De doi ten cUd cao trinh, nM'p vilO ten cua cao trililh v,a nh~p ten mol.

3. De thay doi cao do cua cao trinh, nhap vao d.u.'on9 cao trinh va thl/C: hi~n mot trong cae dieu sau:

De va giO' phfm trai c:huOt dong thai di chuQt 'Con tr6 (len mQt chieu cao moL Gia tri -"bieu thi, cao d9 cJ,!Ja ccng trll1h se tlf dong c~p Ilh?t.

Nhap chuqt va0' gia trii caD de;> eua cao trililh va nh~p vao gi,i trj cua caD dO moL

Level 1 ~

' ­56 • Chlfi:fng 3: sJt dau m(Jt thlet ke

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4. De doi diem dieu khien tl( Model Extents sang View Specific Extents, nhap VaG diem dieu khien 3D. Gia trj s€ doi sang 20 va v6ng trolil dil1a to day se dol sang vang tr6n to day.

3D

~ Level 2

~101 Ct-

5. De doi diem dieu khien tu View Specific Extents sang Model Extents, nhap vao diem ...oJ'

dieu khien 20. Gia tri se doi sang 3D va vong tran to day se doi sang vang trim mo. 2D

li Level 2

~10' - C)" 6. De di chuyen phan dau cua du'ang cao trinh len (hay xuong) mQt VI trf moi song song

voi vi tri CUI nhap vao ky hi~u Split - tine (hinh dau nga).

Luc nay, hinh dau nga se d'lt<;1C thay the bang rl1Qt hinh tran dLf<;1C to krn b~ng, mau xanh. B~n chQn cae diem nay de' va giua, phlm tral clia chuQt dong thai dil chuyen de dinh li;li vi trl cho no.

3D

~

7. Muon ph"an dau eGa ky hj~l!J cao trillh t«?m thai bien mat, xoa dau chQn trong 0 nam ke ben cua ky lhi~U nay.

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8tH: T.ao /{JP va h/~U chinh cae cao trinh • 57

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C'ae hu'ang .din~de ~o I~p·v,a hi~u chinh cao trinh --'"

Dlfoil day lla cae thao ti3c nen sU' dl,log khi' t90 I~p va hi~u chinh caD trinh trong mQt do im ........."

cong trinh.

Khi b9n bat dau m9t dl/ im mOi, de ti;to I~p cae caD trinh trong t~p tin dl/ an mau b9n cO the StI dl:Jng cao trinn c6 san. Vi~c nay se giup bi;m tiet ki~m thai gian va loi;ti bo nhO'ng loi co the xily ra.

Ti;ro nhU'ng cao oQ thu'ang khong can co cae hinh ehieu m~t bang trong suot giai dOi;m dau tien cua qua trinh thiet ke. {)ieu nay se lam cho nQi dung ella Project Browser ddn giim. Trong giai 009n ke tiepI neu bt.m da xi3c dinh tang cao va bat dau bo tri ttfang, bl;ln

'-' co the t90 I~p m~t bang san va m~t bang tran theo yeu cau.

D6ng cac diem oau va eu51 eua cae dtfang cao trinh de chung tMng hang Val nhau. Luc nay Ib~n co the die'u ehinh dQ dai cua dlfdng' cao trinh cung mqt lue, dieu nay se giup tiet ......,.I

ki~m thai gian va hinh anh ben man hinh dlfQC gQn gang. De dong cac dl1ang cao trinh chinh xac, phong. Ion va Drag diem eu5il cua atfdog caD trinh de eac diem cu6i khop voi nhau; kh6a 1i;3i. BQn co the me khoa mQt Qlfang caD trinh vao bat cU' luc nao de djnh vi It;Ji tung duang- cao trinh.

Ch~k chan vi~c ph6ng I'c,n ph'an dau ella ky hi~U caD trinh 'Ii:! au Ion de eh9n dung diem '--'

kiem suat IPhVC vl,J eho e6ng vi~C Drag'. Dieu nay giup bQn ng~m ngiJa vi~c ~n ehQn nham diem dieu khien khi di chuyen eua phan dalJl d rih~ng tV I~ hinh dlil1c phong to thu nho

'-'"kh,lc nhau.

.....,t

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58 • ChLldng 3: sat dau m9t thief ke

_____________________

- -- - -- - -- - -- - --

Ba·i t~p: T~o va chinh 5lia raing Trang bi!i tij,p nay, bi;ln se tc;lO va. chinh sua cae tang trong rna hinh tr(;lm Clru h6a de kiem soat chieu d.ai cua du'ong cao trinh 'ClJa cac cao trlnh m6ng, tU'ong va maio

Bi;ln call phai t90 cae caD tang nhu' T.O. Footing, Ground Floor va First Floor tnfoc khi them nhilng thanh ph~ln khac eua cong trinh. B9n t90 I~p cac cao tr]nh khj Iblit dau thiet ke mQt dl/ an; b9n co the kiem SQat cae cao d9 va chieu dai cua cae dlfong cao trinh ella tu'ong, mai, eua di, CUd so va ck thanh ph2ln cong trinh khac.

_____________ . T.O P,~pet ~

- lM·~

~~o~

1ro·~

_____________________ ~-...!.Root 6\ 150'~

____________________ ~,In Floo, ~

140' . 0"

____________________ ~u~ Floor ~

130' . 0"

_ -l0 .£ooting ~

Bal t~p hoim tat

Hoan tat bai t~p

De lhoan tat bi3,j t~PI theo cae 'huGe trong quye'n saoh nay h(}~e trong bi'li t~p tren man hinh. lrong danh sach cae chU'dng va bai t~p tren man hinh, nhap vao Chapter 3: Staffing a Design. Nhap V210

Exercise: Create and Modify Levels.

1. Mo i firestation levels.1Vt hoac - m_firestation=/evels.fvt. T~p tin nay se

rna ra dlfoi di;mg M~t bang Mai.

126'·0"

2, Trang: Project Browser, du'oi under VIews (Alii), Elevations (BuUding Elevation), nhap dup vao East de thay dOl man hinh sang m~t dl!ffig hliong dong.

<i> VIeWS (aD) :;) Floor Plans

Levell Level 2 S~

Ceffing P\an$

Levell Level 2

'" 30Views {3D}

Elevations (Bui!ci'lg Elev8tion) Ecnt NOIlh South 'West

Bai: T?o I~p va hi~u chinh cae cao trinh • 59

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-3. Tn~f1I thanh c6ng Cl,I View, nhap vao Zoom 8. Khi b~n du'QC nh~k doi ten cua man hinh In. Re chuQt t90 thanh khung bao quanh tu'dllg ung, nhap vao Yes. Chu y rang cac cac P~lan dau nam phla ben phai clla ky man hiflh lien quan se do; ten chung trong

>..-/

hi~u cao trinh. Project Browser.

9. Doi dQ cao clLa du'ong cao tliinh thanh 136' C39600r mm) va nhan ENTER. D,u'ong cao- ---- - ---- ----- - ---- - ---- ~.. ,~ tdnh dil chl1ygn den dQ ,cao moT va bi;m se kJhong con thay dl10ng nay nlfa. Nlnap ohuQt

- ---- - ---- - ---- - ---- - -----'~ VaG bat kY no! nao trong cU'a so man hinh.

lOr. Nhap pllfm phaj chuQt VaG cua so man hinh. Nhap VaG Zoom To Fit. B~n co the 191 tha'y -­

4. £)e croi ten clIa Level 2: dl1dhgl cao trlnh nay.

ChQn dl1ang Level 2. 11. Tren Design Bar, trong tao Basics, nhap viw ChQn ten cua cao trlnh. Levell,

Nh~p v-tm I.O Footing eho ten moi. 12. Trong cua so man Ihinh: Nhan ENTER.

• Oi chuyen con tf'iO d€n ph'an tren trai 5. Khi 'bCilIl du'9'e nh~c de thay dol ten ella g'an ~nh trai khung hinh.

hinh dhieu tl1dngl rlIng, n,hap vaa YES. Chu Oi cmuyen con tro len phla, tren den khi y ten ella m~t bang san va m~t bang tran thay 55 10' - rO" (4000 mm). ~rong Project Browser giong nhl1 ten eua cao trinh.

~[p6. each C10i dQ cao ella Level 2:

ChQn oQ cao Level 2. ......"

Nh~p 126' (38400 mm). Nhan ENTER.

3D ~' Nilap phim trai chUQt de Kat dinh du6i --­cua dl10ng cao trinh.

T.O.£ootif)9 --'1!3 13. Oi chuyen chuQt sang phai (rho den khi 126' dong thang himg voi aau clla du'ong cao

tlinh c6 ten Ground 'Floor. 1M9t du'ong dUng di;lng net khuat mau xanh xuat hi~n. Nhap

~

chuot de xac d!nh pJnan dau ella dl10lllg cao trinh moi.

Du'ong cao trinh se dj chuyen deln dO cao Level 3

VrU'a xae 6!nh va bgln se khong con thay no 140'- A" ~trong goc nhin trong voi dQ ph.on9 to thu !Extenslon I

nh6 hi~il tr~ng.

7. Cach doi ten eua Levell:

Chon drl10ng llevel 1. _ _ Ground Floor t--l

130' - 0"Chon ten tang.

~ Doi ten sang Ground Floor va nhan _ _ T. O.£ooting ~ 126' - 0" --"ENTER.

14. Tren thanh Design, nhap vao Modify.

60 --./

Chlfdng 3: sat oau m9t thiet ke

-../

iii

15. Trong: clio sO man hinh:

ChQn du'ang cao trlnh moi. Doi ten c:ua cao trinh na,y thanh Main Floor va nhan phfm Enter.

16" ~hi bsln dtlQc nhik doi ten cua man hinh tu'dng U'ng, nhap vilo Yes.

17. Dam bao chieu cao clla cao tdnh la 140' (4360mm).

18. Tren tlnanh Design, nhap vim Modify de dUng v,i~c bo trf cao trinh.

19. L~p '9i cae bu'ac tit 11 den 16 de them ba caO trinh l<hac co ten va dQ cao nhu' sau:

Lower Roof, 150'~ (47600 mm} (4760)

Main Roof, 160' (51600 rnm) (5160)

.. 1'.0. Parapet, 164' (152800 mm) (5280)

_ __L_O ~r Roo f P"..:l 150' _ D"

____Ma~ FloOT ~

140' - Q"

_ ~u~ Floo. flU 130' - O·

___ ---.2.:9 £oohn" fIIII...J 126' • O·

20. Nhap vila bat ky trong hlnh ve de khong cOn ch9n bat [ky dubng cao trinh. Nhap vao bat ky trong hinh ve de khong COil ch<;m bat ky du'Olilg cao t1rinh nim.

21. Nhap phai vao cUa so man hinh. Nhap vao Zoom To Fit de thu nho de xem toim canh cong' trinh.

22. 80ngr t~p tin mil khong call lut!l.

sai: T{Jo I?p' va hi~U chinh cae Cao trinh • 61

• •• Bai: Bo tri he Iu'ai dinh vi

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",'

Tong quan

Bai nay se trinh bay e<kh lam vi~c h~ ltioi djnh vj. B~n bat dau bai bang bai hQc ve h~ 1!1oi d~nh vi, qua trinh t;lo I~p va nhu hi~u chinh cac dl10ng Clla h~ ll10i djnh vi. Ke tiep b~n se hQc

....." cae thao tac thl/c hanh nen sU' dung de t~o I~p va hi~U chinh h~ ll1di d!nh vi. Bai hQc se ket thuc voi bai t~p ve ~o I~p h~ llidi cQt.

...-/H~ htdi dinh vi dl1Qc sLr' dl,mg de' xck dinh khoang each, dong hang va bo trf cae thanh ket cau tren m~t bang clla mQt cong trinh. B~m co the Slr dl,mg h~ IUdi CQt de tham chieu m9t cach ehinh xck khi dinh vj cae thanh phan ella mQt ceng tr]nh trong hinh chieu m~t bang. ......,;

'--"

____ I I ~----~----- L

" ~

I I ~---t---- -t- -- --C:­

......,t

CQt dUQc them vao h~ IUdi d!nh V! '-"

MI:IC tieu

Sau khi hoim tat bai hQC ni3y, b,.m se eo the:

Hieu dl1Qc M luoi d!nh vi (Grid). -"

Biet dl1Qc cae bl10c dm thiet trong qua trinh ~O l~p va hj~u chinh cae tn,lc trong h~ luoi dinh vi. J

Xac dinh cae thao t,k nen su dl,mg khi t<;lO I~p va hi~U chinh h~ ll10i djnh vi.

T~o I~p h~ luoi cQt.

---'

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-.../

...J62 • Chl..fO'ng 3: Bat dau m9t thiet ke

'--'

- -

Khai :quat ve h~ Iu'bi dinh:v! H~ Iu'di djnh vi hinh thann mQt khung song song vol m~t dat de lam cd sQ. aho vi~c thiet ke m(Jt c6ng trinh, Su dl,mg I~nh Grid, bc;ln co the tc;lO I~p rnQt k~ I'u'oi' ·cho vi~c be tri CQt va cae thanh phan ket cau khc1c nhL1 dam.

f)inh nghia h~, hioi djnh vi

H~ luOi d,!nh vi 113 cae m~t phang song song vol m~t dat du'<;1C the hi~n I~i duoi hinh thue eGa cae du'ong trong cac hil'1h ohieu eua m~t bang, m~t dUng va m~t cat. Tren m~t bang, b~n co the' ti;lO I~p cae tn,]e dL10i d~ng thang hay eung tron. Tren m~t dUng hay m~t cat, b~n chi co the t~o J~p tn,]c du'oi d~ng thang. Neu nhu'dl hai hinh dang tr(,le la thang va cong deu du,<;1c hlen thj trong tat ea cac hinh chieu m~t bang, thi chi co tn,!c thang moi hh~n thj rren m~t dUng' va m~t d3t.

H~ Iu'oi CQt

Khi b~n bo tri cac cQt t~i eac giao diem eGa cae tr(,lc trong h~ hrdi dinh vi, thi h~ ItJoi dlnh vi nay du'9'e 9Qj, 113 h~ IUdi eQt. Cae c{lt du'<;1e tv' dQng dong htmg thea cac giao diem eua cac trt,lc.

Bo tri dam tren cae trl}c eua h~ Illlioi, d~nh v'j

B~rn thtJong be tri dam sau khi be trf cQt. Bang cach su d~ng tuy chQn bQ tri cram theo h~ llioi djn'h Vl, bCiln co the gan cung lue nhieu dam vim h~ IUdi djnh vi da co bo tri s~n c9t tten cao trinh ma b<;ln dang lam vi~c.

Hinh minh hQa saL] day se trinn bay m~t bang! cong trlnh c6 nhifng cQt hinh vuong xep tren h~ hiol dinh v!. Tli~ng va chan mong cung du'Qc hien thi.

0! 0! o I I I

~ I I0-- - - - .;'a= = '" ::::uJ ]

I I

I I

8--~----@---­I

I I

®--~----~--­I I

0- -fit' - - if¥- - -ffij

BiJi: 86 tr/h~ /tAJi dinh vi • 63

.-/'Quy trinh t~o I~p va- hl~u chinh~ h~ ,Iu'ai dirih vi

8~n co the t;lo I~p cac trl,lc ctUa h~ llidi dinh VI bang each chQn Draw (ve) hay Pick Lines (chQn mQt dU'ong aa co s~n). B<;ln co the hi~U ehinh h~ lu'di ket eau bang cckh hi~u chlrnh cae thuQe tfnh eua no.

......,IQuy trlnh ti;lo l.~p va, t'l'i$u chinh cae tn~e eua h~ lurn dinh vi nhu' hlnh minh hQa sau.

ModifY grid lines

Specify a structural column

Place columns al grid Intersections

T~o I~p cae trye ella h~ htdi d~nh vi -­--w

Hi~u ehinh cae trl:Ie ella h, l\toi cJjnh vi ..-I

w ChQn C\I the mQt kieu cQt ket cau

~

BO tri cae cQt VaG cae giao diem ella cae trvc trong h~ I\tOi cJjnh vi

-.."ICae bLiac sau trinh bay quy tf'inh t90 va ehinh sU'a nh~ng du'ong ke 6.

1. T~o l~p cac trl;jc. ­T90 ll~p cae tn,Je bang each SI1 dl,ln9 tuy ehQn Draw hay Pick Lines tren Option Bar. Khi sU'dl,log ttlJy ehQIl Draw, b~n xck dinh diem dau eua tn:Jc va di chuyen con tro ve Ihuang can thie1. B~n nhap phim trai chuQt de hoan tat vi$c ve tq!Jc. 8S1n su dl:mg tuy ch<;m Pick Lines de dong tn,lc rTii\.3 b9n sap co se eo phlfdng song song mot thanh ph'an era co san nlhu' tl10ng hay ffi(>t QUong bhang nao d6. ­ "'-'"

2. Hi~u chinb cae trl;lc.

De hi~lJ chinh thuQc tfnh mQt tn,Jc nao do, b9n chQlil dl10lilg do. B~1'il co the hi~U ehinh ki€u duong, ten, Ikich co va VII td ella trl:Jc. Sau khi bi;lril vi!! xong mQt vai trl,lc, b9,n co the su dl,lng Gk aong Cl,J nhu' Copy, Rotate, Mirror hay Array de \40 f~p them cac trl,lC con

""-" 1<;Ii..

3. ChQn qJ the mQt kieu c(lt ket cau.

De ehQn m9t kieu cQt ket (aU ('Jl,J the, truac tien bc;m phal ma Tab Structure twng Design Bar, va nhap chU9t v~JO Structure Column. Ke tiep dlQn kieu o;,t q,l the trong danh saeh ella Type Selector.

4. 80 tri CQt 1/aO citc giao, diem cua cae tr~c. .--./

80 trf cot b~lng each eh9rl cae trl,lc. B9n co the bo 'tri cQt ma kh6ng can phai lien: ket vai cac trl,lc. cac cQt thl10ng co khuynh hu'o'ng gan vao cae trl,lc hay cac giao diem. SU'

"'-..../dl,!lng tuy ehqn Grid Intersection de bo trr nhieu c9t cung. mQt hk ba.ng each su dl,mg phl1dlilg philp ch9n Cross twng qua trinh ehQn cac ITl,Ic. Cae cQt se dUQc tlj d9ng bo trf viw cac giac diem.

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64 • Chlfo'ng 3: Bat cJau mr)t thiet kiT

--"

--.I

Cae h'uong din ,de t~o I~p va hi~u chinh h~ IIu'oi djnh Vi, cac thao tc3c tot nhat dUOI da,y trong vi~c t~o I~p va chinh sua h~ luoi d[nn vi se giup b9n lam vi~c voi h~ Iuoi dinh vi m9t cach hi~u qua.

Sau khi t(ilO l~p m9t trvc, b9n nen ehot (Pin) v! tri clla no de phong ngua v.i~c di chuyen tn,lc nay ngoai ymuon. Ele chot vi trri ella tn,lC, sU' dl:mg tuy chQn Pin trong thann ccmg Cl) Edit.

~ NhiIngl c(>t dU<jc be tri t9i cae giao diem hay t9i cac tn,lC se b! di chuyen khi trtl)C di ehuyen. Cae c9t chlQC bo td dQc II~p voi h~ 1II10i dinh vi co the du't;Jt lien ket vai.lh~ ILiai dinh vi bang each xik djnh m9t kfc:h thl10c lien h~ voi h~ 1I10i dlnh vi va khoa 19i. Lien ket cac thanh phan Clla c6ng trinh voi h~ Illioi djnh vi mQt cach can th~n se giup bi;Hil tiet ki~m thOi gian mQt each dang ke' tWRg m9t d'6 an khi tb 9n phai thay dor khoang cach gifia cac tn,lc.

Neu b~n nh~p mot t~p tin CAD, bi;m co the ci1.9n cck tn,lc trong ~p tin CAD de ti;lO I~p h~ 11lai djnh v~ 'c6 chieu diJi bang chieu dai cae dttong trong t~p Un CAD. Vi~c t90 I~p h~ luai dinh v! c6 euog clhieu dili Sf' tiet ki~m th(ji gian va 1091 b6 Ilhilng sai sot trong qua bnlnh truy tim.

Neu b<,m phai bo trf nhieu tn,Jc rna khoimg each giU'a chung bang nhau, b9n co the Slio

dl,mg tuy ·chc;m Copy MUltiple voj mQt gia br[ ella Offset Cli! the hay su dl,J09 tuy d1Qn Array. Sli dl,mg nhUing tuy d'lQn nay se giup 09n Net kj~m thai gl-an va bo trf chfnh xac tllng trvc.

Hinh minh hQa dl10i day se trinh bay mQt VI dl,J ve chot h~ lu'oJ d!nh vi.

<? L1 C? C?iii i I I t I ___ L___ ___ J .__ J . l ~

I I L I I • If/"I I I I

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Bai: B6 tr/ h~ IlIOJ' cfinh vi • 65

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Bai t~p; r~_~ I~p h~ llioi cQt Trang baL t~p mlY, D(,'In se l<;1o l~p mot h~ h10i 1. djnh vi de dinh vj cac cQt. Sau d6 bi;ln b5 'brf cQt VaG cae giao die'm ella cae tn,lc.

Cae cQt vuong be tong chju It/e tu san eua gian 2.thiet tii rna bQn dang tfr'llet ke. De t~o l~p nhClng ket eau eh!u It/c,' tnlcrc tien b<iln t<;10 I~p mQt h~

1u'G'ild:jnh vj, sau do bo td cac cQt vao h~ Iu'Oi 3. din'lii vi nay.

B~m lam nhli sau:

1<;10 I~p h~ IliOi djnh v!. Ghi cae kich thu'oc.

~ Gan eQt vim llicri.

~ ~ 0---­

0----­

0---­

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Bai t~p da hoan tat

Hoan tit bai ~p

De hoan tat bai t~p, thea cae bu'oc trong quyei'l sach n~y ho~c tml'ilg bai ~p tren man hlnh. frong danh sikh cae chLfC1~g va bai t~p tren man hinh, nhap van Chapter 3: Starting a Design. Nhap vim Exercise: Create Column Grids.

Ma (firestatkJn_grids.rvt hay-' m_firestation_griOS.rvt. 'T~p tin se ma ra du'oi d<;1ng m~t bang Tang TI"~t.

Tren thanh eeng el,J View, nhap viw Zoom In.

Trrong eua so' man hinh nay, ve mot hinh chG' nh~t bang each ch<;m quanh dliong vien hinh ehG' nh~t phfa tren de phong to vung ...J

nay.

Tren Design Bar, tmng tab Basics, nM'p vao Grid.

Tren Options Bar:

Nhap vao Pkk Uines.

Trong hQp Off$€t, nh~p 2' 0" (600 mm). '-'

Trang elfa so man hinh nay:

f)~t can tr6. ben trong hinh ehG' nh~t -­hLtong ve, c~m'h tral ella hinh ehCr' Ilh~t.

Nhap ehuQt de bo ~rf mQt b1,Jc dung khi -..­thay mc)t Qliong dUt khue xuat hi~n.

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4.

5.

6.

66 • Chu'dng 3: Bat cla/J m9t thief ke

7. L~p '9i bl10c 6 de:

Them tn,JC ngang dQe thea qlnh tren clla hinh chiI nh~t v€ phla ben trang.

Them tn:JC dung phla ben tn3i clla qlnh phai eua hlnh chiJ nh~t.

Them tn:lc ngang theo C9nh dl10i ella hinh chiJ nh~t.

g

/

btu y: Cae dl10ngl ke 0 dl.1Qc danh so 'khi bi~m bo ttri chung.

8. Tlren Options Bar, rnhap vao Modify.

g,. De- sao chep '<;I" mQt. dLidng llidi:

ChQn tn,lc ngang tli"eOi cung, tn:JC so 2.

Tren thanh cOlilg Cl,I Edit, nhap vao Copy.

Danh dau ehQn vim 0 Multiple tren Options Bar.

10. Trong clia so man hioh nay:

Nhap vao g~m dl1dng ke '0 2. Vj tri kh6ng; can plnai chlnh Xt}c.

Keo con tro xuong dLtoi, dliong ,ke 0 2.

Nhap de xac nh~n d~t ban sao cua du'Ctng ke D. Vi tIli ella du'ang ke 0 mdi khong can phai la vi trl chfnh xc3c, vi b9n se di chuyen dlidng nay sa.u do"

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11. 80 td ban sao du'ang ke 0 khik vao ben dL1al dLtong ke a ma b9n vUa c1~t them vao. Nhan ESC de tat l~nh Copy.

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12, Trang cua so man hlnh nay:

ChQrn trl;lC dUng 55 1.

Tren ~hanh c6ng Cl,I Edit, nhap vao Copy.

Nhap vim gan du'C1ng ke 0 vU'a chQn. V[ tri khong bat bUQc phil! chlnh xac.

13. Trang wa so man hlnh nay:

Keo can tro ve phia ben phai eua tn,lc vlra chQn.

Nhap de xac nh~n d~t ban sao cua tn,Jc so 1.

BiJl~' 80 to' h~ Ii.lOi rJjnh v/ • 67

14. Trem Design: 8<;IIi', nhap viw IModify,

15. Be,ln can bo trJ li;lj cae phIlO dau ella uk tn,lc sao cho chung khong che khual cong trinh.

01Qn tr1,JC 50 3,

X6a 'dau chQn trong <3 vuong, nam phfa dLfai trl}c.

Oanh dau c:hQn trong 6 vuong nam phfa tren trl}c.

~

16. 80 trf l;;Ii cac phan clau ella cae trl}C dting:

Nhap van diem (lieu khien tren aau clia tn,jc 50 :3.

Keo yang tran ella hiai (vang tron nho hdn), nhu' trong hililh.

Grids 1 va 7 di chuyen dong thai. Neu chung kh6ng di chuyen, bi;ln c6 the di chuyen thu cong de dong cho chung thang himg.

17. Hi~u chinh cac ky hi.~u clla cac trt,J( ngang:

ChQn trl}c s6 2 nam atren cung, ...-'"

.. Xos dau chQn trong 0 vuong nam ph(a dau ben phai.

Danh dau chQn trong {) vuong nam a .-.-/

dau ben trai.

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18. L~p I~v buac 17 de hi~u chfnh cac trl}c so 5 va 506, Nhan ESC de huy be vj~c chQrrl,

.......,.,? ~ r ~

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I I I I I --r---------­

19~ De 'hi~u chinh vii tri dau !llai clia mQt tn,J.C ngang.:

Chon brlilC so 2. --Nhap vao d.iem dieu khien hlnln trcm ..

Re ({"au hlai sang trai. Tn,Je so 5 va 6 se cGng di chuyen.

... Tu'dng tiff ch€,)n tn,JC so 4 va di ehuyen dau trlJc sang tri~i eho deh khi n6 bat dlfQC diem dong thang hang vai cae trl}c khac.

20. De doi ten cac trl}c ngang: .. ­

Chon trl}c so, 2,

.. Nhap vao con 56 dc.li dien ten trl,lC trong phan dau eua tll,JC.

Nh~p A va nhan ENTER.

80i ten ba tn,lc ngang khac than'h 8, C, '-'"

.and D,

--J 68 • Chu'dng 3: sat dau m9t thief ke

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21. L~p le;ti buck 20 de doi thanh 2.

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0---­

I I

I I i i i i i i i i

ten tn:Jc dUng 7

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i

I Ii-,- - .- ­ - ­ - ­ - ­I I I-1----­i i ----- ­ I

Ghi kich thu'oc

1. Tren Des:ign Bar, trong tab Basi'cs, nhap vaa D,imensian de bo trfkich thu'oc.

2. De b5 trf cac kich thuoc '9iG'a ca,c tn,lc ngang;

ChQrl trC,lc 1, 2 va 3. ChQn diem cuO'i cLmg ben pM, cua cae

Nhap vao 'rnQt diem bat 'kY duoi, brl,!jc 0 trl)c 0, C va B. de Xc3c dinh vi tni cua dong klch thuee.

Nhap VaG ben phai eila tn,lc so 3 de dinh v,j dong kich thU'ec.

6. Nhap VaG hinh 0 kh6a phla duo! dong kich t/hu'oe de khaa kidh thuoc nay li;li.

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3. Nhap vao ehl( I:Q (Equak bang llhau) co dau g~ch chea de cat kkh thuec giU'a cae tn,lc dUng bang lfihau. '

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Dau g<;3eh ehea bien mat, tn,Jc giua di ohuyen den vlj uri nam giiJa hai tn,lc ngoai.

4. Nhap vaa hai i<Y hi~u co hinh 0 ~h6a phla duai dong kich thuoc de kh6a cae kJch thl1ac nay l<;3i.

s. Cong CI) Dimension Vall hOgt dQng. De b5 tr( c~c kich thLioe gj[(a cac trl)C dung:

.. ChQn diem cuoi dmg thap nha't ben phai cu,a' Inlnh chIT nh~t nhu trong Ihinh duai day.

~

I

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EO

7. Tren Design Bar, trong tab Basics, nhap vao Modify.

8ai: 86'tr/h~ Mij c!jnh vj III 69

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8. Tron9 cua so cua man hinh nay, dililh VI Ic;li 4. Tren man hlnh, de be trf cac cQt van m6i trl;IC C: giao diem clla trll,lc, nhan va ,gil( phim Ctrl

Nhap vila trl,JC C de cl1Qn. tfen bf:m phim dong thai eh<;>n cae t1i1,lC 3, A, S, C va D.Go 19' OU (5500 mm) vao kich thl1dC

nam phis du'oi cua duang nay, ~ ?r-- '-"? INhan ENTER. Q T

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I 0---­

.-.-.-J-.----~ I .. , b.

I .I I. -Go

0--- ­&-----!:l=.--.- ~- --...:=.:

9. De dinh vi 19i trl,!C B: (9---­"-"

Nhap VaG tn:Jc B de chQn,

Nh~p 19' 0" (5500 mm) thay the krc:hOIl

5. lin~n Option Bar, nhap vao Finish. cae c(ltthucrc nam ph(a dU'oi va nhao ENTER. du'Qc c~p nh~t van trl.)C so 3.

lw y: Neu b,:m vo tinh nhap va,O chi s6 6. Trang Design Bar, Structure Tab, nhap VaG

Split tine, nhap vao trinh ddn Edit > Undo Modify.Move,

1. Ch9n cae cot vLta dl1Qc ~o I~p bang each '--'phudng phap c.hQn Window, mQt diem tren

Bo tr:i cat vao he 1~6'il cJinh vi trai va mot diem du'oi IPhai hay Iphl1dng III' • ." •

pha.p Inhan va giU phim Ctrl tren ban phfm ......... va 1~1n luqt Ch9n cae COt.

1. Den day, b9n co the bo tri -(<)t ket cau viw CalC giao diem cua cac tn,lc de thiet ike m~t b~ng m6ng cho cong trlnh nay. lren Design Bar, tab Structural, nhap vao Structural Column. llto y: Neu Structure Tab chua xuat f11~n, b9n di chuye'n 'Can tro VaG khu vl/c Design Bar, nhap nut ph2l'i ella chuQt va nhap vao Structural.

2. ChQn Con.crete-Square-Column ; 24 x 24 (M_Concrete-Square-Column: 600 x 600 rnm) trong danh sach aua Type Selector.

--./3. Tren Options Bar, nhap VaG Place by Grid Intersection trong tuy eh9n Place By. Tuy chon nay se- klf10a cae cQt rmoi voi' cac glao

.",1 , , '-'drem cua ,cae tn,lc.

Lu'u y: Bc;ln cOng co the be tri c(lt bang cach dung Copy ho~c Array trel1 cae .---./

tnlanq hop hi~n t9i. 8. Tren thanh cong Cl,l, ch9n Copy.

---./

70 • Chlfdng J: sat dau mpt thiet k€

9. Tren Options Bar:

Chac ohtm tuy ch(;m Multiple da dl1l;1C chQIi1.

Ch~k ohan tuy chon Copy d~ dl1l;1c chc;m.

• Chon tuy chon Constrain.

10. ChQI1 tn:Jc 56 3 nhl1 :Ia diem bat aau, sau d6 chOn trl,lC so 2 va so 1. Cac d?t dl1l;1C sao ch€p da lap day h~ luoi C9t.

Y rn

.u==-=rut----­I I

II I

II

Ir

__ II ---.Q­D-­ I I ---- ­

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,)-- I ------c!t----­I I I ­

II I

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~- ------<lr--- -- ­

11. Trong' Design Bar, Structur.al Tab, nhap viw Modify.

12. Dong t~p tin rna 'khong can ll1u.

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Bai: eo" tri h~ lu'o; djnh vi • 71

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To,m talt chu'dng

SaUl khi da hc:)C cach ,lam vli~c VOl cac hinh chieu bang, cao trinh va h~ lu6'i <[Qt, bi;ln c6 the thiet I~p va bat dau cong vi~c thiet ke cwa mlnh mQt each h1i~u qua.

...../

Trang chu'ong nay, b~n da hQC:

T(,1o I~p IiI1Qt m~t bang san va be tri cae thimn phan cong trili\h vao m~t bang nay.

T.;lo I~p va hi~U chinh cae cao trirnh cua m9t eong trinh. each lam vi~ vaj h~ hl6'i djllh vi va t90 I~p h~ Iluai cQt.

......,.,

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........

........72 • Chlfdng J: Bat aau m9t thiet ke