The IInnttrraa--MMeeddiitteerrrraanneeaann

CCoonnttaaiinneerr TTrraaddeess

January 2012

Dynamar B.V.

Noorderkade 1G

1823 CJ Alkmaar

Tel: +31 72 514 74 00

Fax: +31 72 515 13 97

E-mail: info@dynamar.com

Website: www.dynamar.com

The Intra-Mediterranean Container Trades

covering dedicated Regional and Feeder services

January 2012

Dynamar B.V.

Noorderkade 1g

1823 CJ ALKMAAR

Phone: +31 72 514 74 00

Fax: +31 72 515 13 97

info@dynamar.com

www.dynamar.com

© All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any

form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without explicit permission of the

publisher.

While the information contained in this report is presented in good faith, it frequently involves estimates where no current

published data is available. This information, believed to be accurate, can therefore not be guaranteed. The publishers

cannot accept liability of any errors or omission.

Contents

Contents ................................................................................................................................................................. 4

List of Tables ........................................................................................................................................................... 9

List of Figures ........................................................................................................................................................ 11

List of Charts ......................................................................................................................................................... 12

The Dynamar Container Trades Reports series .................................................................................................... 13

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY and INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 14

Geography – defining the Mediterranean ........................................................................................................ 15

Vital Statistics ............................................................................................................................................... 15

A Journey around the Mediterranean .......................................................................................................... 15

Mediterranean trades structure ....................................................................................................................... 16

The intra-Mediterranean container liner trades .............................................................................................. 18

Headlines ...................................................................................................................................................... 18

Trading context ................................................................................................................................................. 22

Northern exposure ....................................................................................................................................... 22

Southern Discomfort .................................................................................................................................... 22

And still going on elsewhere… ...................................................................................................................... 23

Throughputs and volumes ............................................................................................................................ 23

Merchandise trade and economies .................................................................................................................. 25

GDP per capita and population of Mediterranean seaboard countries ....................................................... 27

Ports covered in this study ............................................................................................................................... 28

CONTAINER SHIPPING SERVICES AND TRADE OVERVIEWS .................................................................................. 30

Summary ........................................................................................................................................................... 30

Services between West Mediterranean-East Mediterranean .......................................................................... 35

Overview ....................................................................................................................................................... 35

West Europe Mediterranean-Adriatic .......................................................................................................... 35

West Europe Mediterranean-Aegean ........................................................................................................... 37

West Europe Mediterranean-Black Sea ........................................................................................................ 39

West Europe Mediterranean-Levant ............................................................................................................ 41

Maghreb – Aegean ....................................................................................................................................... 44

Maghreb – Levant ......................................................................................................................................... 46

Intra-West Mediterranean Services ............................................................................................................. 48

Overview ....................................................................................................................................................... 48

West Europe Mediterranean-Maghreb ........................................................................................................ 48

Intra-East Mediterranean services ................................................................................................................... 53

Overview ....................................................................................................................................................... 53

Adriatic-Aegean ............................................................................................................................................ 53

Adriatic-Levant.............................................................................................................................................. 56

Aegean-Black Sea .......................................................................................................................................... 58

Aegean-Levant .............................................................................................................................................. 61

Black Sea-Levant ........................................................................................................................................... 64

Intra-Mediterranean intra-sub-region services ................................................................................................ 66

Overview ....................................................................................................................................................... 66

Intra-West Europe Mediterranean ............................................................................................................... 66

Intra-Adriatic ................................................................................................................................................. 67

Intra-Aegean ................................................................................................................................................. 67

Intra-Black Sea .............................................................................................................................................. 68

Intra-Levant .................................................................................................................................................. 68

Intra-Maghreb .............................................................................................................................................. 70

CONTAINER LINER CARRIERS ................................................................................................................................ 71

Summary ........................................................................................................................................................... 71

Changes since 2007 .......................................................................................................................................... 72

Companies no longer offering services (or operating…) .............................................................................. 72

Local, regional representation (“Club Med”) .................................................................................................... 75

Brief trade related carrier profiles .................................................................................................................... 76

Admiral Container Lines – Admiral Container Lines, Inc............................................................................... 76

Africa Container Lines – Africa Container Lines, S.L. .................................................................................... 76

APL – APL (Bermuda) Ltd .............................................................................................................................. 76

Arkas Line – Arkas Konteyner Tasmicilik AS.................................................................................................. 77

Borchard – Borchard Lines Ltd ...................................................................................................................... 77

Brointermed – Brointermed Lines Ltd .......................................................................................................... 77

Castellon Shipping – Castellón Shipping S.A. ................................................................................................ 78

CMA CGM – CMA CGM S.A. .......................................................................................................................... 78

CNAN Med – CNAN Group SpA ..................................................................................................................... 79

Containerships – Containerships Ltd Oy ....................................................................................................... 79

Coscon - Cosco Container Lines Co. Ltd. ....................................................................................................... 80

Cosiarma – Cosiarma SpA ............................................................................................................................. 80

CoTuNav - Compagnie Tunisienne de Navigation S.A. .................................................................................. 80

CSAV Norasia – Norasia Container Lines Ltd. (CSAV group) ......................................................................... 81

Evergreen – Evergreen Line (via Italia Marittima SpA) ................................................................................. 81

Grimaldi - Grimaldi Compagnia di Navigazione SpA ..................................................................................... 82

Hamburg Süd – Hamburg Südamerikanische Dampschifffahrts-Gesellschaft KG ........................................ 82

Leader Maritime – Leader Maritime S.A. ..................................................................................................... 83

Maersk Line – A.P. Møller - Mærsk A/S ........................................................................................................ 83

Mahoney Shipping – Mahoney Shipping and Marine Services ..................................................................... 84

Marfret - Compagnie Maritime Marfret SA .................................................................................................. 84

Medex – Medex Container Services Ltd ....................................................................................................... 84

Messina Line – Ignazio Messina & C. SpA ..................................................................................................... 84

Metz – Metz Container Lines SAL Offshore/MCL Feeder Ltd ....................................................................... 85

MSC - MSC Mediterranean Shipping Company S.A. ..................................................................................... 85

PIL - Pacific International Lines (Pte) Ltd ...................................................................................................... 86

Seatrans – Seatrans Shipping SaRL. .............................................................................................................. 86

Sermar – Sermar Line Srl .............................................................................................................................. 86

Sun Unicorn – Sun Unicorn Navigation AG ................................................................................................... 87

Tarros – Tarros SpA ....................................................................................................................................... 87

TransContainer – OJSC TransContainer ........................................................................................................ 88

Turkon Line - Tur-kon Konteyner Tasimacilik ve Denizcilik AS ...................................................................... 88

UASC – United Arab Shipping Company (SAG) ............................................................................................. 88

UFS – United Feeder Services Limited .......................................................................................................... 89

WEC Lines – W.E.C. Lines BV ......................................................................................................................... 89

X-Press – X-Press Container Line Ltd ............................................................................................................ 90

Yang Ming – Yang Ming Marine Transport Corporation ............................................................................... 90

ZIM – ZIM Integrated Shipping Services Ltd ................................................................................................. 90

TRADE VOLUMES, CARRYINGS and THROUGHPUTS ............................................................................................. 92

Introduction and Overview ............................................................................................................................... 92

FULL CONTAINER CARRYINGS between individual Mediterranean countries .................................................. 93

Guidance notes: Statistics tables - construction ........................................................................................... 93

Guidance notes: Use of Med region components ........................................................................................ 93

Guidance notes: Presentation of data .......................................................................................................... 93

Guidance notes: Allowances ......................................................................................................................... 93

Commentary ................................................................................................................................................... 104

Total trade import/export .......................................................................................................................... 104

Export trade ................................................................................................................................................ 104

Import trade ............................................................................................................................................... 104

Med-regions share ...................................................................................................................................... 104

Extrapolated TEU trade, whole intra-Mediterranean trade ........................................................................... 106

Split between regional liner and (transhipment) feeder containers .......................................................... 106

Estimated intra-Mediterranean volumes by carrier ....................................................................................... 107

Throughputs, Mediterranean port handled containers ................................................................................. 108

MEDITERRANEAN PORTS CALLED ....................................................................................................................... 112

Summary ......................................................................................................................................................... 112

West Europe Mediterranean – Ports called and developments .................................................................... 113

Overview ..................................................................................................................................................... 113

Main WEM port developments, 2009-11 ................................................................................................... 114

Adriatic – Ports called and developments ...................................................................................................... 115

Overview ..................................................................................................................................................... 115

Main Adriatic port developments, 2009-11 ............................................................................................... 115

Aegean – Ports called and developments ...................................................................................................... 117

Overview ..................................................................................................................................................... 117

Main Aegean port developments, 2009-11 ................................................................................................ 117

Black Sea – Ports called and developments.................................................................................................... 120

Overview ..................................................................................................................................................... 120

Main Black Sea port developments, 2009-11 ............................................................................................. 120

Levant – Ports called and developments ........................................................................................................ 122

Overview ..................................................................................................................................................... 122

Main Levant port developments, 2009-11 ................................................................................................. 122

Maghreb – Ports called and developments .................................................................................................... 124

Overview ..................................................................................................................................................... 124

Main Maghreb port developments, 2009-11 ............................................................................................. 124

Major terminal operators active in the Mediterranean ................................................................................. 126

APM Terminals............................................................................................................................................ 126

Cosco Pacific ............................................................................................................................................... 127

DP World ..................................................................................................................................................... 127

Eurokai/Eurogate ........................................................................................................................................ 128

Hamburg Hafen und Logistik (HHLA) .......................................................................................................... 128

Hutchison Port Holdings (HPH) ................................................................................................................... 129

International Container Terminal Services Inc (ICTSI) ................................................................................ 129

Noatum Ports .............................................................................................................................................. 130

Portek International ................................................................................................................................... 130

PSA International ........................................................................................................................................ 131

TCB (Grup Maritim TCB) ............................................................................................................................. 131

Conventional/Breakbulk carriers ........................................................................................................................ 132

Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ 132

The carriers of breakbulk cargoes .............................................................................................................. 132

BACKGROUND ECONOMY, TRADE AND COMMODITIES .................................................................................... 135

Trading relationships and Commodities ......................................................................................................... 135

General economic performance ..................................................................................................................... 140

European Union .......................................................................................................................................... 140

Organisation of the Black Sea Economic Co-operation (BSEC) ................................................................... 141

Arab Union of Maghreb (AMU) .................................................................................................................. 141

Country profiles .............................................................................................................................................. 142

Albania ........................................................................................................................................................ 142

Algeria ......................................................................................................................................................... 144

Bulgaria ....................................................................................................................................................... 146

Croatia ........................................................................................................................................................ 148

Cyprus ......................................................................................................................................................... 150

Egypt ........................................................................................................................................................... 152

France ......................................................................................................................................................... 154

Georgia ....................................................................................................................................................... 156

Greece......................................................................................................................................................... 158

Israel ........................................................................................................................................................... 160

Italy ............................................................................................................................................................. 162

Lebanon ...................................................................................................................................................... 164

Libya ............................................................................................................................................................ 166

Malta ........................................................................................................................................................... 168

Montenegro ................................................................................................................................................ 170

Morocco ...................................................................................................................................................... 172

Romania ...................................................................................................................................................... 174

Russia .......................................................................................................................................................... 176

Slovenia....................................................................................................................................................... 178

Spain ........................................................................................................................................................... 180

Syria ............................................................................................................................................................ 182

Tunisia ......................................................................................................................................................... 184

Turkey ......................................................................................................................................................... 186

Ukraine ....................................................................................................................................................... 188

STOP PRESS – Libya Supplement ........................................................................................................................ 190

Abstract .......................................................................................................................................................... 190

STOP PRESS ......................................................................................................................................................... 192

Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 192

Services ........................................................................................................................................................... 192

Carriers ....................................................................................................................................................... 193

Ports and Terminals .................................................................................................................................... 193

Sources ........................................................................................................................................................... 195

List of Tables

Table 1: Mediterranean ports throughput, by region .......................................................................................... 23

Table 2: Mediterranean EU ports throughput based region-region volumes, 2010 ............................................ 24

Table 3: Mediterranean EU ports throughput based region-region volumes, 2009 ............................................ 24

Table 3: Mediterranean EU ports throughput based region-region volumes, 2008 ............................................ 24

Table 5: GDP per capita and population per Mediterranean country .................................................................. 27

Table 6: Summary selections of Mediterranean countries, population and GDP per capita ............................... 27

Table 7: Summary table of container services, West Mediterranean-East Mediterranean sub-divisions ........... 31

Table 8: Summary table of container services, Intra-West Mediterranean ......................................................... 32

Table 9: Summary table of container services, Intra-East Mediterranean ........................................................... 33

Table 10: Summary table of container services, intra-Med regions ..................................................................... 34

Table 11: West Mediterranean-East Mediterranean trade summary .................................................................. 35

Table 12: Services details West Europe Mediterranean-Adriatic connections .................................................... 36

Table 13: Container carriers active on the West Europe Mediterranean-Adriatic trade ..................................... 36

Table 14: Ports called by direct West Europe Mediterranean-Adriatic connections ........................................... 36

Table 15: Service details West Europe Mediterranean-Aegean connections ...................................................... 38

Table 16: Container carriers active on the West Europe Mediterranean-Adriatic sub-trade .............................. 38

Table 17: Ports called by direct West Europe Mediterranean-Adriatic connections ........................................... 38

Table 18: Container services offering direct West Europe Mediterranean-Black Sea connections ..................... 40

Table 19: Container carriers active on the West Europe Mediterranean-Black Sea sub-trade ............................ 40

Table 20: Ports called by direct West Europe Mediterranean-Black Sea connections ......................................... 40

Table 21: Service details West Europe Mediterranean-Levant connections ........................................................ 42

Table 22: Container carriers active on the West Europe Mediterranean-Levant sub-trade ................................ 42

Table 23: Ports called by direct West Europe Mediterranean-Levant connections ............................................. 43

Table 24: Service details Maghreb-Aegean connections ...................................................................................... 45

Table 25: Container carriers active on the Maghreb-Aegean sub-trade .............................................................. 45

Table 26: Ports called by direct Maghreb-Aegean connections ........................................................................... 45

Table 27: Service details Maghreb-Levant connections ....................................................................................... 47

Table 28: Container carriers active on the Maghreb-Levant sub-trade ............................................................... 47

Table 29: Ports called by direct Maghreb-Levant connections ............................................................................ 47

Table 30: Intra-West Mediterranean trade summary .......................................................................................... 48

Table 31: Container carriers active on the West Europe Mediterranean-Maghreb sub-trade ............................ 50

Table 32: Service details West Europe Mediterranean-Maghreb connections .................................................... 51

Table 33: Ports called by direct Maghreb-Levant connections ............................................................................ 52

Table 34: Intra-East Mediterranean trade summary ............................................................................................ 53

Table 35: Service details Adriatic-Aegean connections ........................................................................................ 55

Table 36: Container carriers active on the Adriatic-Aegean sub-trade ................................................................ 55

Table 37: Ports called by direct Adriatic-Aegean connections ............................................................................. 55

Table 38: Service details Adriatic-Levant connections ......................................................................................... 57

Table 39: Container carriers active on the Adriatic-Levant sub-trade .................................................................. 57

Table 40: Ports called by direct Adriatic-Levant connections ............................................................................... 57

Table 41: Container services offering direct Aegean-Black Sea connections ....................................................... 59

Table 42: Container carriers active on the Aegean-Black Sea sub-trade .............................................................. 59

Table 43: Ports called by direct Aegean-Black Sea connections ........................................................................... 60

Table 44: Service details Aegean-Levant connections .......................................................................................... 62

Table 45: Container carriers active on the Aegean-Levant sub-trade .................................................................. 63

Table 46: Ports called by direct Aegean-Levant connections ............................................................................... 63

Table 47: Service details Black Sea-Levant connections ....................................................................................... 65

Table 48: Container carriers active on the Black Sea-Levant sub-trade ............................................................... 65

Table 49: Ports called by direct Black Sea-Levant connections ............................................................................ 65

Table 50: Intra-East Mediterranean trade summary ............................................................................................ 66

Table 51: Container carriers active in the intra-Levant dedicated trade .............................................................. 69

Table 52: Ports called by direct Adriatic-Aegean connections ............................................................................. 70

Table 53: Summary of all vessel operating carriers, Intra-Mediterranean ........................................................... 71

Table 54: Throughput based country-country volumes (selection), 2010, total .................................................. 95

Table 55: Throughput based country-country volumes (selection), 2010, exports from reporting countries ..... 96

Table 56: Throughput based country-country volumes (selection), 2010, imports to reporting countries ......... 97

Table 57: Throughput based country-country volumes (selection), 2009, total .................................................. 98

Table 58: Throughput based country-country volumes (selection), 2009, exports from reporting countries ..... 99

Table 59: Throughput based country-country volumes (selection), 2009, imports to reporting countries ....... 100

Table 60: Throughput based country-country volumes (selection), 2008, total ................................................ 101

Table 61: Throughput based country-country volumes (selection), 2008, exports from reporting countries ... 102

Table 62: Throughput based country-country volumes (selection), 2008, imports to reporting countries ....... 103

Table 63: Indicative volumes of Intra-Mediterranean volumes, full container, by carrier, 2010 ....................... 107

Table 64: All Mediterranean ports throughputs, 2006-2010 ............................................................................. 108

Table 65: West Europe Mediterranean ports throughputs, 2006-2010 ............................................................. 109

Table 66: Adriatic ports throughputs, 2006-2010 .............................................................................................. 109

Table 67: Aegean ports throughputs, 2006-2010 ............................................................................................... 110

Table 68: Black Sea ports throughputs, 2006-2010 ............................................................................................ 110

Table 69: Levant ports throughputs, 2006-2010 ................................................................................................ 110

Table 70: Maghreb ports throughputs, 2006-2010 ............................................................................................ 111

Table 71: All Mediterranean ports throughputs, 2006-2010 ............................................................................. 111

Table 72: Summary statistics, ports called by dedicated Intra-Mediterranean services .................................... 112

Table 73: West Europe Mediterranean ports called by dedicated intra-Med services ...................................... 113

Table 74: Adriatic ports called by dedicated intra-Med services........................................................................ 115

Table 75: Aegean ports called by dedicated intra-Med services ........................................................................ 117

Table 76: Black Sea ports called by dedicated intra-Med services ..................................................................... 120

Table 77: Levant ports called by dedicated intra-Med services ......................................................................... 122

Table 78: Maghreb ports called by dedicated intra-Med services ..................................................................... 124

Table 79: Major intra Mediterranean bilateral trading relationships (merchandise trade), 2009 ..................... 135

Table 80: Major intra Mediterranean bilateral trading relationships (merchandise trade) by value, 2009 ...... 136

Table 81: Mediterranean countries-European Union merchandise trade, by value, 2009 (major relationships

only) .................................................................................................................................................................... 137

Table 82: Summary of main merchandise imports/exports by Mediterranean component-region .................. 138

Table 82: Albania - economy development 2009-14 .......................................................................................... 143

Table 83: Albania - merchandise trade statistics 2009 ....................................................................................... 143

Table 84: Algeria - economy development 2009-14 ........................................................................................... 145

Table 85: Algeria - merchandise trade statistics 2009 ........................................................................................ 145

Table 86: Bulgaria - economy development 2009-14 ......................................................................................... 147

Table 87: Bulgaria - merchandise trade statistics 2009 ...................................................................................... 147

Table 88: Croatia - economy development 2009-14 .......................................................................................... 149

Table 89: Croatia - merchandise trade statistics 2009 ....................................................................................... 149

Table 90: Cyprus - economy development 2009-14 ........................................................................................... 151

Table 91: Cyprus - merchandise trade statistics 2009 ........................................................................................ 151

Table 92: Egypt - economy development 2009-14 ............................................................................................. 153

Table 93: Egypt - merchandise trade statistics 2009 .......................................................................................... 153

Table 94: France - economy development 2009-14 ........................................................................................... 155

Table 95: France - merchandise trade statistics 2009 ........................................................................................ 155

Table 96: Georgia - economy development 2009-14 ......................................................................................... 157

Table 97: Georgia - merchandise trade statistics 2009 ...................................................................................... 157

Table 98: Greece - economy development 2009-14 .......................................................................................... 159

Table 99: Greece - merchandise trade statistics 2009 ....................................................................................... 159

Table 100: Israel - economy development 2009-14 ........................................................................................... 161

Table 101: Israel - merchandise trade statistics 2009 ........................................................................................ 161

Table 102: Italy - economy development 2009-14 ............................................................................................. 163

Table 103: Italy - merchandise trade statistics 2009 .......................................................................................... 163

Table 104: Lebanon - economy development 2009-14 ...................................................................................... 165

Table 105: Lebanon - merchandise trade statistics 2009 ................................................................................... 165

Table 106: Libya - economy development 2009-14 ........................................................................................... 167

Table 107: Libya - merchandise trade statistics 2009 ......................................................................................... 167

Table 108: Malta - economy development 2009-14 .......................................................................................... 169

Table 109: Malta - merchandise trade statistics 2009........................................................................................ 169

Table 110: Montenegro - economy development 2009-14................................................................................ 171

Table 111: Montenegro - merchandise trade statistics 2009 ............................................................................. 171

Table 112: Morocco - economy development 2009-14 ..................................................................................... 173

Table 113: Morocco - merchandise trade statistics 2009 ................................................................................... 173

Table 114: Romania - economy development 2009-14 ...................................................................................... 175

Table 115: Romania - merchandise trade statistics 2009 ................................................................................... 175

Table 116: Russia - economy development 2009-14 .......................................................................................... 177

Table 117: Russia - merchandise trade statistics 2009 ....................................................................................... 177

Table 118: Slovenia - economy development 2009-14 ...................................................................................... 179

Table 119: Slovenia - merchandise trade statistics 2009 ................................................................................... 179

Table 120: Spain - economy development 2009-14 ........................................................................................... 181

Table 121: Spain - merchandise trade statistics 2009 ........................................................................................ 181

Table 122: Syria - economy development 2009-14 ............................................................................................ 183

Table 123: Syria - merchandise trade statistics 2009 ......................................................................................... 183

Table 124: Tunisia - economy development 2009-14 ........................................................................................ 185

Table 125: Tunisia - merchandise trade statistics 2009 ...................................................................................... 185

Table 126: Turkey - economy development 2009-14 ......................................................................................... 187

Table 127: Turkey - merchandise trade statistics 2009 ...................................................................................... 187

Table 128: Ukraine - economy development 2009-14 ....................................................................................... 189

Table 129: Ukraine - merchandise trade statistics 2009 .................................................................................... 189

List of Figures

Figure 1: Key facts and figures, all intra-Mediterranean trades ........................................................................... 14

Figure 2: Journey around the Mediterranean, legend.......................................................................................... 15

Figure 3: Journey around the Mediterranean, map ............................................................................................. 16

Figure 4: Structure of the Mediterranean, main trade through to individual countries ...................................... 17

Figure 5: Map outline of Mediterranean regions ................................................................................................. 17

Figure 6: Distribution of intra-Mediterranean annual trade capacity, TEU .......................................................... 19

Figure 7: Sub-trades shares of intra-Mediterranean annual trade capacity ........................................................ 19

Figure 8: Distribution of intra-Mediterranean annual trade capacity, map ......................................................... 19

Figure 9: Map showing aggregated allocation of annual trade capacity to Med regions’ ports .......................... 20

Figure 10: Distribution of intra-Mediterranean annual trade capacity by vessel operating carrier, TEU ............ 21

Figure 11: Summary grid, numbers of services between and within Mediterranean regions ............................. 30

Figure 12: Summary grid, number of weekly rotations between and within Mediterranean regions ................. 30

Figure 13: Container service grid: West Europe Mediterranean-Adriatic ............................................................ 35

Figure 14 : Container service grid: West Europe Mediterranean-Aegean ............................................................ 37

Figure 15 : Container service grid: West Europe Mediterranean-Black Sea ......................................................... 39

Figure 16 : Container service grid: West Europe Mediterranean-Levant ............................................................. 41

Figure 17 : Container service grid: Maghreb-Aegean ........................................................................................... 44

Figure 18: Container service grid: Maghreb-Aegean ............................................................................................ 46

Figure 19: Container service grid 1: West Europe Mediterranean-Maghreb ....................................................... 48

Figure 20: Container service grid 2: West Europe Mediterranean-Maghreb ....................................................... 49

Figure 21: Container service grid Adriatic-Aegean ............................................................................................... 53

Figure 22: Container service grid Adriatic-Levant................................................................................................. 56

Figure 23: Container service grid Aegean-Black Sea ............................................................................................. 58

Figure 24: Container service grid Aegean-Levant ................................................................................................. 61

Figure 25: Container service grid Black Sea-Levant .............................................................................................. 64

Figure 26: Container service grid intra-West Europe Mediterranean .................................................................. 66

Figure 27: Container service grid intra-Adriatic .................................................................................................... 67

Figure 28: Container service grid intra-Aegean .................................................................................................... 67

Figure 29: Container service grid intra-Black Sea ................................................................................................. 68

Figure 30: Container service grid intra-Levant ..................................................................................................... 68

Figure 31: Container service grid intra-Maghreb ................................................................................................. 70

Figure 32: New carriers active on pure intra-Mediterranean trades in 2011 over 2007 ..................................... 74

Figure 33: Carriers undergoing name/organisational changes 2011 over 2007................................................... 75

Figure 34: List of countries covered and their allocated Med-regions to the port statistics ............................... 94

List of Charts

Chart 1: Value of merchandise trade imports and exports, Mediterranean countries, 2009 .............................. 25

Chart 2: Economy growth rates, Mediterranean regions, 2009-10 ...................................................................... 26

Chart 3: Mediterranean countries, historical and forecast GDP, 2008-2014 ..................................................... 140