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Transcript of basicsofthejapaneselanguagesession1v4animated-120315062621-phpapp02
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Basics of theJapanese Language
Lunch-time sessions at PCC
By Peter Missen
Session 1
Introduction
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Objectives for this course
This is a 6 week taster of the Japanese
language to cover the basics of the
language and the following topics:
1. Introduction (today)
2. Greetings
3. Numbers
4. Time
5. Transport
6. Food
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Objectives for this session
Introductions
Expectations
The Japanese language
Grammar
Verbs
Alphabets
Sounds Pronunciation
Kanji
Basic sentence structure
Example sentences
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Introduction
Me Peter Missen
Took early retirement from IBM in March 2010
Joined PCC in April 2010
My role is IT Auditor for the Internal Audit group
Started to learn Japanese in 1993 while at IBM
I teach Japanese part-time in the evenings at the University
of Portsmouth on their Institution Wide Language Program
(IWLP). A scheme that allows any student at the University
to learn a language for interest or 10 degree credits.
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Class introductions
Around the class please
Name
Department
Something interesting about yourself,
related to Japanese if possible
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Expectations
You have my permission to:
Make mistakes
Ask dumb questions
Please ask questions when you are stuck
Please be interactive
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The Japanese language
Japanese is a picture based language
Pictures borrowed from China
Particles glue the pictures together examples of particles
wa
ka
node
e
kara
made
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Grammar
Compared with European languages,
Japanese grammar has some differences.
For example:
No gender
No articles
Japanese people struggle with our articles - the/a/an
No plurals
No future tense
No spaces
No capital letters!
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Verbs
Verbs are doing words ACTION
In the Japanese language verbs come at theend of a sentence, for example:
English: Tomorrow I am going to London.
Japanese: me tomorrow london direction go.
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Alphabets
There are 3 Japanese alphabets: Kanji (pictures from China)
Hiragana (sounds for all things Japanese)
Katakana (sounds for all things foreign any language!)
We can use Latin characters to express Japanese
The Japanese call this ro-maji ro-ma = Rome
ji = written character
All 3 alphabets can be used in 1 sentence
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The 5 vowel sounds
A
I
U
E
O
The same 5 vowels as English!
But in a different order
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The 5 vowel sounds - examples
A as in CAT
I as in FEET
U as in SHOOT
E as in REST
O as in OVER
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The 46 basic sounds
Ro-maji:
A I U E O
Ka Ki Ku Ke Ko
Sa Shi Su Se So
Ta Chi Tsu Te ToNa Ni Nu Ne No
Ha Hi Fu He Ho
Ma Mi Mu Me Mo
Ya Yu YoRa Ri Ru Re Ro
Wa Wo
N/M
Hiragana:
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Pronunciation
Japanese pronunciation is mostly uncomplicated
Pronounce words as they are written in ro-maji Though some U and I sounds are silent
And a U following an O makes a double O sound!
Kanji characters can have several readings
depending on context
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Kanji
The Japanese write top down and right to left
The Kanji for Japan is nihon:
The pictures mean: Sun and origin
Land of the Rising Sun
Add language to mean Japanese:
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Basic sentence structure
~ wa ~ desu.
wa = topic marker the topic of the sentence
desu = is/are/am
no plurals in Japanese
Usage:
word(s) wa word(s) desu.
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~ wa ~ desu example
watashi wa Peter desu.
watashi = me
wa = topic markerdesu = is
All say name (Substitute your name for Peter)
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Another~ wa ~ desu example
kore wa pen desu. This is a pen.
kore = this (thing speaker has possession of)
wa = topic marker (first annoyance with Japanese is
that the ha symbol is used but pronounced wa)
pen = pen
desu = is/are/am (used at end of a sentence)
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Another ~ wa ~ desu example
kore wa jisho desu. This is a dictionary.
jisho = dictionary
(2 kanji: words + write/compose)
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Another ~ wa ~ desu example
sore wa hon desu. That is a book.
sore = that (thing the listener has possession of)
hon = book
(same kanji as origin and same pronunciation!)
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Another ~ wa ~ desu example
are wa densha desu. That is a train.
are = that (thing over there that neither thespeaker nor the listener has possession of)
densha = train (2 kanji: electricity + vehicle)
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Another ~ wa ~ desu example
kore wa nan desu ka. What is this?
nan = what
ka = ?
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Homework
Nothing compulsory
Suggestions Can bring an object to class next week
Be able to say what it is in Japanese
Great if you can practice with a colleague
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Any questions