basics of Indian Polity By Krishna Pradeep's 21st century IAS study circle
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Transcript of basics of Indian Polity By Krishna Pradeep's 21st century IAS study circle
Basics in Indian Polity
Syllabus and Terminology
Prelims – Polity SyllabusIndian Polity and Governance • Constitution• Political System,• Panchayati Raj• Public Policy• Rights Issues
• Constitution• Governance• Polity• Social Justice• International Relations
Mains – Polity Syllabus
Mains Syllabus - Constitution1. Indian Constitution- historical underpinnings, evolution, features,
amendments, significant provisions and basic structure.2. Functions and responsibilities of the Union and the States, issues
and challenges pertaining to the federal structure, devolution of powers and finances up to local levels and challenges therein.
3. Separation of powers between various organs - dispute redressal mechanisms and institutions.
4. Comparison of the Indian constitutional scheme with that of other countries
5. Parliament and State Legislatures - structure, functioning, conduct of business, powers & privileges and issues arising out of these.
Mains Syllabus - Polity• Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and
the Judiciary - Ministries and Departments of the Government; • Pressure groups and formal/informal associations and their
role in the Polity• Salient features of the Representation of People’s Act.• Appointment to various Constitutional posts, powers,
functions and responsibilities of various Constitutional Bodies• Statutory, regulatory and various quasi-judicial bodies• Government policies and interventions for development in
various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation.
Mains Syllabus - Social Justice • Development processes and the development industry-
the role of NGOs, SHGs, various groups and associations, donors, charities, institutional and other stakeholders
• Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre and States and the performance of these schemes; mechanisms, laws, institutions and Bodies constituted for the protection and betterment of these vulnerable sections.
• Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/ Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources.
• Issues relating to poverty and hunger.
Mains syllabus - Governance
• Important aspects of governance• Transparency and accountability• e-governance- applications, models, successes,
limitations, and potential; • Citizens charters, transparency & accountability and
institutional and other measures.• Role of civil services in a democracy.
Mains Syllabus – International Relations
• India and its neighborhood- relations.• Bilateral, regional and global groupings and
agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests
• Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests
• Indian diaspora.• Important International institutions, agencies
and fora- their structure, mandate.
Polity Politics Political Science
1.A geographic area with a corresponding Government
2. Thomas Hobbes considered bodies politic in this sense in Leviathan
1. Achieving and exercising positions of governance
2. It is the practice and theory of influencing other people on a civic or individual level.
1.A study of the state, nation, government, and politics and policies of government
2. Aristotle defined it as the study of the state
LeviathanIt is a book written by
Thomas Hobbes in 1651
The work concerns the structure of society and legitimate government, and is regarded as one of the earliest and most influential examples of social contract theory
Government 1. Government is the means
by which state policy is enforced, as well as the mechanism for determining the policy of the state.
2. Government in a democracy consists of - legislature, executive and Judiciary
Legislature• It is the law making
body • Examples – 1. India – Parliament2. States – Assembly3. US – Congress4. UK – Parliament5. Pakistan- Majlis-e-
Shoora6. Japan - Diet
Executive• Law enforcing /
Implementing agency• It includes – 1. President2. Prime Minister3. Council of Ministers4. Chief Minister5. Governor6. King / Queen7. Dictator
Standard of the President of India1st quarter: state emblem
(the lions of Sarnath) to represent national unity;
2nd quarter: elephant from Ajanta Caves to represent patience and strength
3rd quarter: scales from the Red Fort, Old Delhi to represent justice
4th quarter: lotus vase from Sarnath to represent prosperity
Judiciary• Law interpretative
Agency • Examples – 1. India – Supreme Court2. US – Federal Court3. UK – Supreme court
Governance• It is the act of
governing.• A networked
Government• Government working
with - a. Market b. Civil Society
Govt
Civil Society
Market
Panchayat Raj
• It is an "assembly" (ayat) of five (panch) wise and respected elders chosen and accepted by the local community.
Panchayat Raj Structure
Gram Panchayat
Panchayat Samiti• Intermediate
Panchayat• Block level
Panchayat• Tehsil • Mandal Parishat • Kshetra Panchayat
Taluka
Zilla Parishat• District level
local body• District council• District
Panchayat• Zilla Panchayat
Public Policy• PP is what ever the
government chooses to do or not to do• Most Powerful
Policy making body – The Cabinet
Rights• Rights are the privileges
offered by the state • Rights are not optional• They are not Charity• They are the
entitlements of the citizens
• If you ignore them they ignore you
• Every Human has rights