Basic Maneuvers

Chapter 6 Red text book

• Visibility: Check traffic, traffic signals, signs, and road markings.

• Time: Be aware of speed limit and speed of other vehicles.Evaluate if enough time to move into lane.

• Space:Check space in front and behind you. Determine whether to make one smooth movement, or maneuver back and forth.

What is the Procedure for Steering to the Curb?

• Visibility:– Pick spot where you want to stop.– Scan the scene.– Use mirrors.

• Time:– Note speed of traffic.– Slow down to make move.

• Space:– If needed, notice available space to move into another lane.

– Decide whether to directly park or parallel park.

Changing Lanes• Maximum visibility

• Correct timing

• Safe space cushion

Preparing to make a right turnPreparing to make a right turn

CheckCheck

Check for signs and markings that control your movement.

ASK YOURSELF

Are there traffic, yield, or stop signs.

Are turns allowed?

ChooseChoose and move into the correct lane.

Make sure that it is clear,

reduce your speed.

Position the VehiclePosition vehicle to right side of the lane 3 to 5 feet from curb or shoulder.

Slowly move up to point where you can see cross traffic.

Remember to yield to pedestrians.

CommunicateSignal others by:

Tapping brake pedal to flash brake lights

Use turn signal 3 to 4 seconds of at least 100 ft in advance

How do you execute a right turn?

When positioned correctly and signal your intentions:Wait until there is an 8 to 11 second gap in traffic to your left. Before turning search the intersection again to the left.

Look through the turn along your intended path, when the front bumper is opposite the point where the curb begins to curve, begin the right turn

Follow curve of the curb as you turn, stay in the right lane by looking through the turn along the intended path.

Complete the turn by reversing your steeringand straighten the car as you accelerate.

DON’T FORGET TO TURN YOUR SIGNAL OFF!!!

• Check - look at your intended path, check for traffic signs and signals and make sure no one is about to pass you on the left side.

• Choose the correct lane - signal and move into the correct lane (usually the farthest left), keep wheels straight, and stop at the stop line if there is one.

• Communicate your intentions - signal your turn at least 100 feet in advance and flash brake by tapping on the brake pedal to slow down.

• Position the vehicle for a left turn- position your vehicle to the right of the center line, signal and move into the turn.

Preparing to a left turn

How do you execute a left turn?Turning from a two way street onto a two way street • Check for other vehicles and pedestrians. • Find an 11 to 14 second gap to your right and an 8 to 11

second gap to your left. • Keep your wheels straight, check traffic to the left, then

right, then again left. Check space ahead as well.• Look at your path, begin to turn steering wheel just before

your front bumper reaches the center of the intersection. • Follow path so you are in lane to the right of the center line. Complete the turn by reversing your steering as you accelerate. MAKE SURE YOUR TURN SIGNAL IS OFF!

• There are four different ways to make a turnabout. Use the one that best suits your situation.

• You can use a two-point turn, a three-point turn, a U-turn, or go around the block.

• There are four different ways to make a turnabout. Use the one that best suits your situation.

• You can use a two-point turn, a three-point turn, a U-turn, or go around the block.

There are 3 different two-point turns. • Backing into a driveway. Signal and flash

the brake lights to alert drivers. Stop three feet from curb. With foot on brake, shift into reverse. Back up slowly, turning the wheel fast all the way to the right. When you enter the driveway, turn the wheel to the left, so your car is in the center. Shift to drive or first gear, signal, and leave the driveway.

There are 3 different two-point turns. • Backing into a driveway. Signal and flash

the brake lights to alert drivers. Stop three feet from curb. With foot on brake, shift into reverse. Back up slowly, turning the wheel fast all the way to the right. When you enter the driveway, turn the wheel to the left, so your car is in the center. Shift to drive or first gear, signal, and leave the driveway.

• Heading into driveway on the left. Signal a left turn. Flash you brake lights. Turn into driveway as close to right side as you can. Stop with your front wheels straight. With foot on brake, shift to Reverse gear. Back up slowly. Turn car fast to right. Keep car in first lane. Halfway through turn, straighten wheel. Stop when wheels are straight. Check mirrors, signal, shift to drive, and accelerate.

• Heading out of a driveway on right. This is very dangerous because you must back across at least two lanes of traffic before moving forward. Make this turn only in low-speed, low-traffic residential areas. The basic steps are the same, except signal a right turn, look over left shoulder, and turn steering wheel to the left as you begin backing out.

• Stop as close to right edge of curb as possible. • Signal left turn. Look over left shoulder in blind

spot, move car slowly while turning wheel fast to the left to bring car into opposite lane. Hold position.

• When front wheels are almost to curb, (about 4 feet) turn the wheel rapidly to right.

• Shift into reverse, and while backing slowly, turn wheel to extreme right. Four feet from stopping, turn wheel quickly to the left.

• Shift into drive. Signal and move into proper

lane.

• Stop as close to right edge of curb as possible. • Signal left turn. Look over left shoulder in blind

spot, move car slowly while turning wheel fast to the left to bring car into opposite lane. Hold position.

• When front wheels are almost to curb, (about 4 feet) turn the wheel rapidly to right.

• Shift into reverse, and while backing slowly, turn wheel to extreme right. Four feet from stopping, turn wheel quickly to the left.

• Shift into drive. Signal and move into proper

lane.

U-Turns:• A wide street is needed to make this turn• Make sure the turn is legal• Stop the vehicle close to the right edge of the curb• Check for traffic and signal a left turn• Turn the steering wheel all the way to the left and slowly move the

vehicle until it is facing the opposite direction• Straighten the wheel and proceed into the proper lane at normal

speed

• The fourth way to reverse direction is to drive around the block. This is often the easiest and safest to use.

How to prepare for and execute a parking maneuver.

How to prepare for and execute a parking maneuver.

• To park quickly, easily, and safely, you must have good control of your vehicle, accurate judgment of space, a good understanding of steering, and continuous practice.

• There are a few ways you can park and you should know all of them. There is angle parking, perpendicular parking, and parallel parking.

• To park quickly, easily, and safely, you must have good control of your vehicle, accurate judgment of space, a good understanding of steering, and continuous practice.

• There are a few ways you can park and you should know all of them. There is angle parking, perpendicular parking, and parallel parking.

How do you angle park and perpendicular park?

• When trying to angle park, you have very little room to maneuver and cannot see very well. You must be very careful when entering and leaving angled and perpendicular parking spaces.

Right or left angle parking• Angled parking is found in parking lots

or on the streets of cities and towns. These spaces are angled anywhere from 30 to 90 degrees to the curb or line.

Angle parking on the right• Stay 5 to 6 feet from parked vehicles

to give yourself enough room to see and move. Observe and be alert of traffic around you. Signal for right turn.

• Proceed until you can see along the left side of the vehicle to the right of the space you will enter. Steer sharply right. Go straight at 3-5 mph into space midway between lines. As you straighten wheels, move up until the front of car is aligned with those on both sides.

Perpendicular Parking

• Stay 7 feet from cars. Signal for right turn. Slow to 3-5 mph. Turn right when you can look down the right side of car parked to right of your chosen space. Steer sharply right. Proceed slowly. As you straighten wheels and center in space, move up slowly and stop just short of curb.

Exiting an Angled or a Perpendicular Parking Space

• To exit angled space on right, backing to the right, turn wheel sharply right when front bumper will clear the rear of car on left.

• When exiting from a perpendicular space, turn wheel slightly right or left. Make sure front fender clears rear of car opposite the direction in which you are turning. As car enters traffic lane, quickly turn wheel in opposite direction to straighten front wheels. Shift into drive, accelerate, and move into traffic.

• Approach parking space. Signal in direction of curb and flash your brake lights. Stop parallel to car in front of the space, leaving 3 feet between cars. Stop when center doorposts are even. Keep foot on brake and shift into reverse. Back up steering sharply to right. Align the back of the front seat with rear bumper of car in front. Continue backing slowly, straightening your front wheels. When your front bumper lines up with the rear bumper of car in front of you, steer rapidly to the left. Check rearview mirror, and stop before you make contact with car in front of you. With foot on brake, shift into drive. Move forward slowly, centering your car in parking space. Stop and set parking brake.

• Approach parking space. Signal in direction of curb and flash your brake lights. Stop parallel to car in front of the space, leaving 3 feet between cars. Stop when center doorposts are even. Keep foot on brake and shift into reverse. Back up steering sharply to right. Align the back of the front seat with rear bumper of car in front. Continue backing slowly, straightening your front wheels. When your front bumper lines up with the rear bumper of car in front of you, steer rapidly to the left. Check rearview mirror, and stop before you make contact with car in front of you. With foot on brake, shift into drive. Move forward slowly, centering your car in parking space. Stop and set parking brake.

When parking downhill with a curb:• Turn the steering wheel sharply to the right and move

forward• Stop the vehicle when the front right wheel touches the

curb (turn wheels towards the curb)• Set the parking brake

When parking uphill with a curb:• Turn the wheels sharply left, as far as they will go• With your foot on the brake, allow the vehicle to roll back

slowly until the rear of the right front tire touches the curb (turn wheels away from the curb)

• Set the parking brake

When parking downhill with a curb:• Turn the steering wheel sharply to the right and move

forward• Stop the vehicle when the front right wheel touches the

curb (turn wheels towards the curb)• Set the parking brake

When parking uphill with a curb:• Turn the wheels sharply left, as far as they will go• With your foot on the brake, allow the vehicle to roll back

slowly until the rear of the right front tire touches the curb (turn wheels away from the curb)

• Set the parking brake

Parking On a Hill

Parking RestrictionsParking Restrictions

• Bus stops

• Loading zone

• Across someone else’s driveway

• In a fire zone

• No stopping or standing

• Too close to a fire hydrant

• On a sidewalk

Passing Another Vehicle

• Conditions will help you decide whether or not you should or should not pass?

• Before passing another vehicle on a road with one lane of traffic in each direction, you need to know whether or not it is legal.

• Warning signs and Pavement markings will tell you whether or not passing is allowed in the area you are driving

Passing another vehicle (cont.)If passing is legal, you need to decide if it makes senseto pass under the existing traffic, weather, and roadconditions.

• Bright sunlight, rain, snow, sleet, hail, and fog add to danger of passing.– If driving in these conditions, slow down, proceed with caution, and

perhaps avoid passing even if it is legal.

• Night time visibility and road surface conditions also add to the dangers of passing.– If you cannot see ahead to the place where you will reenter the

lane after passing, do not attempt to pass. If the road surface is rough or in poor conditions, avoid passing.

How to Pass Another Vehicle

1. Check the path ahead, behind you, and the lane you want to enter. Make sure no vehicles are signaling to move into the same lane. If you are on a two-lane, two-way road, check that there is no oncoming traffic. If there is, make sure they are far enough away to allow you to complete the pass safely. Any doubts? Do NOT pass.

• 2. If the way is clear, signal your intent, and use your left turn signal.

• 3. Check over your left shoulder for vehicles in your blind spot. Adjust your speed as necessary and steer smoothly into the passing lane.

How to Pass Another Vehicle (cont.)

• 5. Check your rearview mirror quickly. When you see both headlights of the vehicle you’ve passed in the rearview mirror, signal your intent to return to the right lane and steer gradually in that direction. Turn off your turn signal, and maintain an appropriate speed.

• 4. Accelerate firmly. If you are on a road with a single lane in each direction, keep watching for oncoming traffic.

What Should You Do If You Are Being Passed?

• Drivers of vehicles that are passing assume responsibility for their safety and yours, but you can often protect yourself by helping to the passing driver

• By regularly checking your mirrors, you can remain aware of the movement of vehicles behind and alongside of you

• When you see that you are being passed, stay to the right of your lane

• Do not speed up, it is illegal to do so while being passed• Remain aware of the traffic situation around you• Sometimes a passing vehicle will decide to drop back rather than

complete the pass. Do not accelerate unless it is necessary to give the vehicle more room to go back behind you