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INTERNAL COMBUSTIONENGINE CONCEPT

Teknik Kendaraan Ringan

Semester 1ndClass X

Dasar Kompetensi Kejuruan

SK-KD 1TH

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DIAGRAM ALUR PENCAPAIAN KOMPETENSI

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Classification of Engines

Teknologi dan Rekayasa

External vs Internal Combustion

Spark Ignition SI or Compression

Ignition CIConfiguration

Valve Location

2 Stroke or 4 Stroke

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Engine Configurations

Teknologi dan Rekayasa

In Line

(Automobile)

Radial (Aircraft)

V

(Automobile)Horizontally

Opposed (Subaru)

Opposed Piston

(crankshafts geared

together)

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History of IC Engines

Teknologi dan Rekayasa

1860 Lenoirs engine (a convertedsteam engine) combustednatural gas in a double actingpiston, using electric ignition

1876Nikolaus Otto patented the 4 cycle engine, it

used gaseous fuel1882 Gottlieb Daimler, an engineer for Daimler, left

to work on his own engine. His 1889 twin

cylinder V was the first engine to be produced

in quantities. Used liquid fuel and Venturi type

carburetor, engine was named Mercedes after

the daughter of his major distributor

1893 Rudolf Diesel built successful CI engine

which was 26% efficient (double the efficiency

of any other engine of its time)

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Complementary Technologies

Teknologi dan Rekayasa

1. Pneumatic tires (1888,

Dunlop)

2. Cheap liquid fuels (Oil

industry born in PA 1859)

3. Venturi effect carburetor

(1892, Willi Maybach)

4. Variable mechanical

transmission (primitive

type by Levassor, 1891)

5. Electric starter (Kettering1912)

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Parts of an IC Engine

Teknologi dan Rekayasa

Oil Pan

Crank Shaft

Cylinder Block

Piston

Cylinder Head

Cylinder Head Cover

Cam

Shaft

Conecting Rod

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4 Cycle Process

Teknologi dan Rekayasa

4 Stroke Engine:

Every 2x rotation of crank shaft or 4x

movement of piston yields 1x Power

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4 Cycle Process

Teknologi dan Rekayasa

Intake StrokeIntake valve opens,

admitting fuel and air.

Exhaust valve closed

for most of stroke

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4 Cycle Process

Teknologi dan Rekayasa

Compression Stroke

Both valves closed,

Fuel/air mixture is

compressed by risingpiston. Spark ignites

mixture near end of

stroke.

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4 Cycle Process

Teknologi dan Rekayasa

Power Stroke

Fuel-air mixture burns,

increasing temperature

and pressure, expansion

of combustion gases

drives piston down. Both

valves closed - exhaust

valve opens near endof stroke

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4 Cycle Process

Teknologi dan Rekayasa

Exhaust Stroke

Exhaust valve open,

exhaust products are

displaced from cylinder.

Intake valve opens

near end of stroke.

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2 Cycle Process

Teknologi dan Rekayasa

2 Cycle Engine: Every 1x rotation of crank shaft or 2x movement of piston

yields 1x Power

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2 Cycle Process

Teknologi dan Rekayasa

Compression Stroke and Intake Stroke

Power Stroke and Exhause Stroke

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Rotary Wankel Engine

Teknologi dan Rekayasa

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16 Teknologi dan Rekayasa

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

Briggs and Stratton

TEAM 21 Toyota Technician, Toyota Astra Motor

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Thanks very much

Presented by Aloysius SudibyoSMK Negeri 1 Magelang

Source: Toyota and Briggs and Stratton