BASIC GRAMMER

BASIC GRAMMER

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GRAMMER IS A VERY IMPORTANT FOUNDATION OF THE LANGUAGE . YOU SHOULD BE GRAMMETICALLY CORRECT WHEN YOU SPEAK OR WRITE ANY LAUNGUAGE . ENGLISH IS ONE OF THE LAUGUAGE WHERE YOU SHOULD GOOD COMMAND OVER THE GRAMMER SUPPOSE WE HAVE TO SOLVE A PROBLEM OF MATHEMATICS WE SHOULD KNOW THE FORMULAE OF THAT PROBLEM THEN ONLY WE CAN SOLVE OR MAKE AN EQUATION. GRAMMER IS THE FORMULAE OF THE LANGUAGE . IF YOU WANT TO STRENGHTEN YOUR LANGUAGE YOU HAVE TO STRENGHTEN YOUR GRAMMER. WE WILL ALSO INTRODUCE THESE PRESENTATIONS IN HINDI VERY SOON SO THAT STUDENTS WILL ABLE TO CLEAR THE GRAMMER CONCEPT VERY EASILY.

CYCLE OF GRAMMER

ENGLISH TO HINDIENGLISH MAI GRAMMER KE EIGHT PILLAR HOTAI HAI NOUN (KISI NAME KE LIYE USE KIYA JATA HAI )PRONOUN( JO NOUN KI JAGAH USE KIYA JATA HAI)ADJECTIVE(JO NOUN AUR PRONOUN KO EK MEANING DE)VERB(KISI BHI CHEEZ KO KHENE KE LIYE JAISE ACTION, FEELING KO BATANE KE LIYE )ADVERB(JO HAR VERB KA EK MEANING BANATA HO) PREPOSITION(JO HAR SENTENSE KO EK MEANING DETA HO YA JO NOUN, PRONOUN SE PHELE LAGTA HO)CONJUCTION( DO SHABDO KO JODNE KE LEYE USE KIYA JATA HAI).INTERJECTION (KHUSHI DUKH KO JAHIR KARNE KE LIYE KIYA JATA HAI)

NOUNPRONOUNADJECTIVEVERBADVERBPREPOSITIONCONJUCTION INTERJECTION

NOUN

NOUN THE NOUN IS A WORD WHICH IS USED AS THE NAME OF A PERSON,A PLACE OR A THING : AS NAME OS THE PERSONNAME OF THE PLACENAME OF THE ACTIONNAME OF THE THINGNAME OF THE QUALITYNAME OF THE SITUATIONNAME OF THE ANIMALNAME OF THE RIVERSNAME OF THE MOUNTAINS

FOR INSTANCEMANOJ WRITES A LETTER.MANOJ IS A NOUNRAVI PLAYS A CRICKET. RAVI IS A NOUNDELHI IS A CRIME CAPITAL.DELHI IS A NOUN.

PRONOUN

PRONOUNA PRONOUN IS A WORD WHICH IS USED IN A PLACE OF NOUN.

TYPES OF PRONOUNPERSONAL PRONOUN.INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS.RELATIVE PRONOUNS.DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS.DISTRIBUTIVE PRONOUNS.INDEFINITE PRONOUNS.REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS.RECIPROCAL PRONOUNSEMPATHITIC PRONOUNS.

PERSONAL PRONOUNI AM GOING. WE ARE GOINGYOU ARE GOING.HE IS GOING.SHE IS GOING.THEY ARE GOING.

INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNWHO WROTE THIS LETTER?WHOM DO YOU WANT?WHAT IS THIS?WHICH IS YOUR BOOK?WHOSE BOOK IS THIS?WHICH OF THE TWO BROTHERS IS YOUR FRIEND?

RELATIVE PRONOUNI MET RAM WHO RETURNED MY BOOK.SHE RELEASED THE PARROT,WHICH AT ONCE FLEW AWAY.HE BROKE MY SLAT ,WHICH I BOUGHT YESTERDAY.

DISTRIBUTIVE PRONOUNTAKE EITHER OF THESE TWO APPLES.NEITHER OF THE TWO SISTER CAME.EACH OF YOU CAN GO HOME.ANY OF THESE FIVE GIRLS MAY SING.

DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNTHIS IS MY PEN.THAT IS YOUR BOOK.THESE ARE OUR TOYS.THOSE ARE YOURS.

INDEFINITE PRONOUNNONE HELPED ME.DO GOOD TO OTHERS.ALL KNEW HIM.SOME COME AND SOME GO.ONE SHOULD DO ONE,S DUTIESMANY OF THEM ARE INDIANS.

REFLEXIVE PRONOUNI HURT MYSELF.MAMTA DECEIVED HERSELF.WE DID OURSELVES.HE WAS SITTING THERE BY HIMSELF.YOU CAN GO HOME YOURSELF.YOU HAVE DONE IT YOURSELF.

RECIPROCAL PRONOUNTHE TWO BROTHER LOVED EACH OTHER.THE BOYS HELPED ONE ANOTHER.

EMPHATIC PRONOUNI MYSELF WILL GO THERE.YOU YOURSELF CAN DO IT.HE HIMSELF SAW IT.THEY THEMSELVES ARE TO BLAM.

FOR INSTANCEDEEPAK DID NOT COME AS HE WAS ILL.HE IS THE PRONOUN HERE.RITA FAILED BECAUSE SHE DID NOT WORK HARD.SHE IS THE PRONOUN HERE.THE LADY WHO WROTE THIS NOVEL IS COMING TO DINNER.

THE ADJECTIVE

ADJECTIVEADJECTIVE IS WORD WHICH ADDS SOMETHING TO THE MEANING OF A NOUN OR A PRONOUN.

TYPES OF ADJECTIVEADJECTIVE OF QUANITYPROPER ADJECTIVEADJECTIVE OF NUMBER.DEMONSTRATIVE ADJECTIVE.DISRIBUTIVE ADJECTIVE.INTERROGATIVE ADJECTIVE.POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVE.

ADJECTIVE OF QUALITYMAMTA IS A BEAUTIFUL GIRL.THE CAT IS BLACK.MANOJ IS A GOOD BOY.WE USE WARM CLOTHS IN A WINTER

PROPER ADJECTIVEAN INDIAN POLITICIAN.THE AMERICAN PEOPLE.THE ASSAM TEA.

ADJECTIVE OF QUANTITYMUCH MONEY.LITTLE BREAD.ENOUGH WATER.SUFFICIENT LABOUR.SOME MILK.NO SENSE.

ADJECTIVE OF NUMBERALL CATS.FEW CARS.SEVERAL PASSANGERS.

DEMONSTRATIVE ADJECTIVETHIS BOOK IS GOOD.THAT PEN IS BLACK.THESE COWS ARE WHITE.THOSE PENCILS ARE GREEN

DISTRIBUTIVE ADJECTIVEEACH BOY CAMEEITHER BOY WILL GO.NITHER STATEMENT IS TRUE.

INTERROGATIVE ADJECTIVEWHAT TIME IS IT NOW?WHICH BOOM IS YOURS?WHOSE PEN IS THIS?

POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVEMY SISTEROUR BOOKS.HIS PEN.THEIR HOUSE.

VERB

VERBA VERB IS WORD USED TO SAY SOMETHING ACTION,FEELING OR EXISTENCE.MOHAN WRITES.THEY FEEL SAD.ASHOKA WAS GREAT KING.

TYPES OF VERBINTRANSSITIVE VERB.TRANSITIVE VERB.LINKING VERB.AUXILIARY VERB.

INTRANSITIVE VERBSUNITA LAUGHS.RAVI WEEPS.RAM SLEEPS.HE GOES.

TRANSITIVE VERBRAM WRITES A LETTER.SITA SINGS A SONG.SHYAM PLAYS HOCKEY.GITA LOVES HER MOTHER.

LINKING VERBHONEY TASTES SWEET.THE SUN IS HOT.SHE LOOKS SAD.SONIA IS ABSENT.

AUXILIARY VERBSHE IS WRITING AN ESSAY.HE WAS TAKING TEA.YOU HAVE TOLD A LIE.I HAD OPENED THE DOOR.WE DO NOT READ.

ADVERB

ADVERBTHE ADVERB IS A WORD THAT MODIFIES EVERY PART OF SPEECH EXCEPT A NOUN,PRONOUN AND INTERJECTION.

TYPES OF ADVERBSIMPLE ADVERB.RELATIVE ADVERB.INTERROGATIVE.

SIMPLE ADVERBTHE SOLDIERS FOUGHT BRAVELY.SOHAN READS CLEARLY.YOU SHOULD WRITE LEGIBLY.

RELATIVE ADVERBTHIS IS THE PLACE WHERE WE MET TWO YEARS AGO.THIS IS THE REASON WHY HE DID NOT COME.SHE KHOWS THE WAY HOW A CAR IS DRIVEN.

INTERROGATIVE ADVERBWHY ARE YOU LATE?HOW ARE YOU NOW?WHERE DOES SARITA LIVE?WHEN DO YOU GO TO BED AT NIGHT?

PREPOSITION

PREPOSITIONSPREPOSITIONS IS A WORD PLACED BEFORE A NOUN OR A PRONOUN TO SHOW ITS RELATION TO SOME OTHER WORD IN THE SENTENCE.

TYPES OF PREPOSITIONSIMPLE PREPOSITIONS.COMPOUND PREPOSITIONS.PHRASE PREPOSITION.

SIMPLE PREPOSITIONIN,ON,AT,TO,FROM ,WITH,BYSOHAN IS IN THE ROOM.HE IS IN THE MARKET.THERE IS A LITTLE WATER IN JUGSHEENA LIVES IN MUMBAI.INDIA BECAME FREE IN 15 AUG 1947.

COMPOUND PREPOSITIONSABOUT,ACROSS,AMONG,BETWEEN,BESIDES,BEFORE.DIVIDE THESE APPLES AMONG THIRTY GIRLS.BETWEEN YOU AND YOUR BROTHER WHO IS YOUNGER?

PHRASE PREPOSITIONSACCORDING TO ,INSPITE OF, ON ACCOUNT OF ,IN FRONT OF, IN ORDER TO, FOR THE SAKE OF,BY MEANS OF,IN ADDITION TO ,DUE TO

CONJUCTION

CONJUCTIONCONJUCTION IS A WORD WHICH IS USED TO JOIN TWO WORDS,CLAUSE OR SENTENCES.

CO-ORDINATING CONJUCTIONCUMULATIVE CONJUCTION:- AND ,ALSO,BOTH,AND,AS WELL AS, NOW, TOO, NO LESS THAN,

CUMULATIVE CONJUCTIONDO GOOD UNTO OTHERS AND FORGET.TRUST IN GOD AND DO THE RIGHTROHIT AS WELL AS RAJESH IS ABSENT.SUMIT IS A SINGER AND A DANCER TOO.

ALTERNATIVE CONJUCTIONEITHER.OR,NEITHER..NOR,ELSE,OR,OTHERWISE.EITHER MOHAN IS IGNORENT OR HE IS A FOOL.SHE MUST STUDY HARD,OTHERWISE SHE WILL FAIL.HE MUST WEEP OR HE WILL DIE.

ADVERSATIVE CONJUCTIONBUT,YET,STILL,ONLY,HOWEVER,NEVERTHELESS,WHILE,WHEAREAS.ROHIT WORKED HARD,BUT HE FAILED.SUMIT WALKED FAST NEVERTHELESS HE MISSED THE TRAIN.SHE ALWAYS MAKES FINE PROMISES ONLY SHE NEVER KEEPS THEM.RAHUL IS POOR STILL HE ALWAYS DONATE MONEY.RAJESH IS VERY DULL,WHEAREAS HIS BROTHER IS TOO INTELLIGENT.

ILLATIVE CONJUCTIONSFOR , THEREFORE , SO, THEN, SO THENYOU WILL SURELY PASS FOR YOU WORKED HARD.HE WAS RUDE, THEREFORE, I AM NOT TALKING TO HIM.SUNITA DID NOT WALK FAST,SO SHE MISSED THE TRAIN .IT IS TIME TO START THE RACE,LET US START THEN.

SUBORDINTING CONJUCTION IF YOU RUN FAST YOU WILL WIN THE RACE.SINCE I AM ILL I CANNOT GO TO OFFICE TODAY.BEFORE YOU GO THERE YOU SHOULD CONCERN THE EXPERT .

INTERJECTION

INTERJECTIONINTERJECTION USE TO SHOW THE JOY,SORROW,CALLING AND ATTENTION

JOY-HURRAH ! HA!SORROW- ALAS ! AH! AH ME ! CALLING- HELLO !ATTENTION- LISTEN !