Basic english concepts for Uyghur file · Web viewGrammar Terms. English Word. Uyghur...
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Basic english concepts for Uyghur speakers
Grammar Terms
English Word
Uyghur word
Word
Phrase
Sentence
Noun
n.
Adjective
Adj.
Adverb
Adv.
Pronoun
Pn. / pro.
Verb
v. / vb
Conjunctions
cnj
Particle
Some (Noun) + (ER|OR) shows job
Other uses show increase or decrease compared to something else: Adj + ER
To show the most adjective of a group: Adjective + EST
Example: big, bigger, biggest
Plurals:
Rules for plurals:
1) Normal rule: Noun + S
a. Book - books
b. Hat hats
2) Noun ending with s, x, z, ch, or sh: Noun + ES
a. Bus buses
b. Match matches
c. Box boxes
3) Noun ending with Y with I or E sound: Noun y + ies
a. Spy Spies
b. Baby babies
c. Boy boys (Y is not an I or E sound)
4) Noun ending with F or FE: Nouns F changes to V and add ES or S
a. Leaf leaves
b. Loaf loaves
c. Life Lives
5) Irregular (must memorize, no rules)
a. Man men
b. Mouse mice
6) Words with same word for singular and plural
a. Fish (1) fish (>1)
b. Sheep (1) sheep (>1)
Making Adverbs from Adjectives: Adj + LY
Slow - slowly
Quick quickly
Loving lovingly
Sad sadly
Sentence order
1) (particle) + (adjective) + Noun + (adverb) + (Verb) + (adverb) +
a. he runs (noun + verb)
b. the man runs (particle + noun + verb)
c. the tall man runs (particle + adjective + noun + verb)
d. the tall man runs slowly (particle + adjective + noun + verb + adverb)
e. the tall man slowly runs home (particle + adj + noun + adv + verb + noun)
2) Questions: (Question word) + verb [to be, to do] + noun +
a. Where is he?
b. Where is the man?
c. Where is the tall man?
d. Where did the tall man go? (question word + verb + particle + adj + noun + verb)
e. Is he coming? (verb + noun + verb)