Basic Description of Wireless ISP System MikroTik Wireless Internet Service Provider Systems.
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Transcript of Basic Description of Wireless ISP System MikroTik Wireless Internet Service Provider Systems.
Basic Description of Basic Description of Wireless ISP SystemWireless ISP System
MikroTik Wireless Internet Service MikroTik Wireless Internet Service Provider SystemsProvider Systems
11 May, 200211 May, 2002 MikroTik WISPMikroTik WISP
What is WISP ?What is WISP ?
It is fixed wireless serviceIt is fixed wireless service between the between the central node and the clientcentral node and the client direct line of sight requireddirect line of sight required low power radios and high gain antennas are low power radios and high gain antennas are
usedused
It IS NOT a mobile service.It IS NOT a mobile service.
11 May, 200211 May, 2002 MikroTik WISPMikroTik WISP
RF InformationRF Information
Broadband TechnologyBroadband Technology Spread Spectrum TechnologySpread Spectrum Technology
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS)Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS)Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS)
Frequencies for Unlicensed SSFrequencies for Unlicensed SS 2400-2483MHz ISM band, or2400-2483MHz ISM band, or 5725-5875MHz ISM band5725-5875MHz ISM band
11 May, 200211 May, 2002 MikroTik WISPMikroTik WISP
DS versus FHDS versus FH
Direct SequenceDirect Sequence (+) Faster (up to 11 Mbps) and Greater Range(+) Faster (up to 11 Mbps) and Greater Range (+) recently standardization has made this the (+) recently standardization has made this the
lowest cost radiolowest cost radio
Frequency Hopping Frequency Hopping (-) higher cost per radio(-) higher cost per radio (-) Slower (max 3 Mbps) and Limited Range(-) Slower (max 3 Mbps) and Limited Range
11 May, 200211 May, 2002 MikroTik WISPMikroTik WISP
2.4GHz Spread Spectrum2.4GHz Spread Spectrum
ChannelsChannels 1 to 13 depending on the set1 to 13 depending on the set three non-overlapping onesthree non-overlapping ones
InterferenceInterference
11 May, 200211 May, 2002 MikroTik WISPMikroTik WISP
Antenna TypesAntenna Types
DirectionalDirectional ParabolicParabolic Yagi or Loop YagiYagi or Loop Yagi
SectorSectoriialal HornsHorns
OmnidirectionalOmnidirectional
11 May, 200211 May, 2002 MikroTik WISPMikroTik WISP
Antenna PolarityAntenna Polarity
Omnidirectional and SectorOmnidirectional and Sectoriial Antennasal Antennas Vertical E-PlaneVertical E-Plane
Directional AntennasDirectional Antennas Vertical or Horizontal E-Plane depending on Vertical or Horizontal E-Plane depending on
the mounting of antennathe mounting of antenna
For communicating radios the antennas For communicating radios the antennas should match the polarityshould match the polarity
11 May, 200211 May, 2002 MikroTik WISPMikroTik WISP
Mounting of AntennasMounting of Antennas
PolarityPolarity Vertical and Horizontal AlignmentVertical and Horizontal Alignment SafetySafety Lightning StrikesLightning Strikes
11 May, 200211 May, 2002 MikroTik WISPMikroTik WISP
Cabling RequirementsCabling Requirements
High Quality CablesHigh Quality Cables Low Loss - LMR-400 / Belden 99xxLow Loss - LMR-400 / Belden 99xx Super Low Loss - LMR-600Super Low Loss - LMR-600
Cable Length - as short as possibleCable Length - as short as possible Recommended 3-5m for omni antennasRecommended 3-5m for omni antennas ~10m for directional antennas, depending on ~10m for directional antennas, depending on
the distances, antenna gains, and radio powerthe distances, antenna gains, and radio power
11 May, 200211 May, 2002 MikroTik WISPMikroTik WISP
Cable ConnectorsCable Connectors
StandardStandard N Connectors (male or female) for antennasN Connectors (male or female) for antennas
ProprietaryProprietary RP-TNC Connectors for Aironet RadioRP-TNC Connectors for Aironet Radio
11 May, 200211 May, 2002 MikroTik WISPMikroTik WISP
Using Antenna CalculatorUsing Antenna Calculator
Distances to be coveredDistances to be covered Cabling LengthCabling Length Antenna GainsAntenna Gains RadioRadio
PowerPower Receive SensitivityReceive Sensitivity
11 May, 200211 May, 2002 MikroTik WISPMikroTik WISP
WISP TopologiesWISP Topologies
Point to point linksPoint to point links (+) longer distances (max 30-40km)(+) longer distances (max 30-40km) (-) higher cost/client(-) higher cost/client
Point to multipoint linksPoint to multipoint links (+) serving multiple clients at lower cost/client(+) serving multiple clients at lower cost/client (+) larger area of coverage(+) larger area of coverage (-) lower range (max 5-12km)(-) lower range (max 5-12km)
11 May, 200211 May, 2002 MikroTik WISPMikroTik WISP
What can be connected?What can be connected?
Internet ConnectivityInternet Connectivity Client’s LAN to the ISPClient’s LAN to the ISP
Client LAN uses a Wireless Gateway Router which Client LAN uses a Wireless Gateway Router which connects to the Base Station of the ISPconnects to the Base Station of the ISP
Client's Computer to the ISPClient's Computer to the ISP Client’s Computer with a Wireless NIC connects to Client’s Computer with a Wireless NIC connects to
the Base Station of the ISPthe Base Station of the ISP
11 May, 200211 May, 2002 MikroTik WISPMikroTik WISP
What can be connected?What can be connected?
Intranet ConnectivityIntranet Connectivity Client’s LAN1 to Client’s LAN2Client’s LAN1 to Client’s LAN2
Client’s LAN at a remote location uses a Wireless Client’s LAN at a remote location uses a Wireless Router which connects to the Wireless Router at Router which connects to the Wireless Router at the main officethe main office
Client's Computer to the Client’s LANClient's Computer to the Client’s LAN Client’s Computer at a remote location connects to Client’s Computer at a remote location connects to
the Wireless Router at the main officethe Wireless Router at the main office
11 May, 200211 May, 2002 MikroTik WISPMikroTik WISP
Wireless Setup DiagramsWireless Setup Diagrams
Used conventionsUsed conventions
11 May, 200211 May, 2002 MikroTik WISPMikroTik WISP
Base Setup with BackboneBase Setup with Backbone
11 May, 200211 May, 2002 MikroTik WISPMikroTik WISP
IP QuestionnaireIP Questionnaire
Type of cable usedType of cable used 10 Base 2, 10 Base T, 10/100 Mbps?10 Base 2, 10 Base T, 10/100 Mbps?
If fiber optic - get a transceiver to 10BaseT…If fiber optic - get a transceiver to 10BaseT…
What IP addresses are usedWhat IP addresses are used what network, network mask? Get one address what network, network mask? Get one address
for the router as the gateway for the LAN.for the router as the gateway for the LAN. No addresses used yet.No addresses used yet.
Assign a private network, e.g., 192.168….Assign a private network, e.g., 192.168…. Use addresses given by the ISPUse addresses given by the ISP
11 May, 200211 May, 2002 MikroTik WISPMikroTik WISP
RF Network ConfigurationRF Network Configuration
System IdentificatorSystem Identificator Should be uniqueShould be unique
Channel / FrequencyChannel / Frequency Should have minimal interference with other Should have minimal interference with other
systemssystems
Data RatesData Rates
11 May, 200211 May, 2002 MikroTik WISPMikroTik WISP
Base Unit ConfigurationBase Unit Configuration
Connect the AntennaConnect the Antenna Connect the Ethernet CableConnect the Ethernet Cable Connect the RS-232 Console CableConnect the RS-232 Console Cable
Use Terminal Emulation Program on your Use Terminal Emulation Program on your Laptop or Desktop PCLaptop or Desktop PC
Connect the Power SupplyConnect the Power Supply Power the unit onPower the unit on
11 May, 200211 May, 2002 MikroTik WISPMikroTik WISP
Basic ConfigurationBasic Configuration
Configure RF ParametersConfigure RF Parameters System IdentifierSystem Identifier FrequencyFrequency Data Rates Data Rates
Configure the Identification ParametersConfigure the Identification Parameters NameName IP Address / Mask / Default GatewayIP Address / Mask / Default Gateway
11 May, 200211 May, 2002 MikroTik WISPMikroTik WISP
Things to RememberThings to Remember
Association RestrictionAssociation Restriction Maintain a list of controlled nodesMaintain a list of controlled nodes Turn Autoregistration offTurn Autoregistration off
Passwords for the UnitPasswords for the Unit Write - View and Change the Configuration, Write - View and Change the Configuration,
perform Diagnosticsperform Diagnostics Read - View ConfigurationRead - View Configuration
11 May, 200211 May, 2002 MikroTik WISPMikroTik WISP
IP Network ConfigurationIP Network Configuration
Global AddressesGlobal Addresses use routing configurationuse routing configuration
Local Addresses, no serverLocal Addresses, no server use masqueradinguse masquerading
Local Addresses, local serverLocal Addresses, local server use masquerading and NATuse masquerading and NAT
11 May, 200211 May, 2002 MikroTik WISPMikroTik WISP
System DiagnosticsSystem Diagnostics
Check the RF CommunicationCheck the RF Communication Registration/AssociationRegistration/Association Signal Strength and QualitySignal Strength and Quality Link SpeedLink Speed
Check the IP ConfigurationCheck the IP Configuration Network Address/MaskNetwork Address/Mask Routing, Default GatewayRouting, Default Gateway Ping, TraceroutePing, Traceroute