Barcelona 5yrs En

8/6/2019 Barcelona 5yrs En

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Copyright (photographs):

Cover, pp. 11 (left), 14 (right), 15 (right), 18 (left), 19, 20 (top left and right): Johannes GehringerP. 9: Portuguese PresidencyP. 10: Audiovisual library, European CommissionP. 11 (right): Friends of the Earth, Middle EastP. 12: European Commission delegation to EgyptPp. 13, 18 (right): Micheline Jauson-PonsP. 14 (left): European Commission delegation to MoroccoP. 15: European Union Baroque OrchestraPp. 16, 24: Francesco SettembriP. 20: (bottom) European Commission representation to TurkeyP. 25: Social Fund for DevelopmentP. 26: Roemer-und-Pelizaeus-Museum, Hildesheim


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five years on

19952000

Euro-Mediterranean Partnership

The Barcelona process,


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FINLAND

SWEDEN

DENMARK

NETHERLANDSIRELAND

UNITED KINGDOM

Copenhagen

Helsinki

Stockholm

Berlin

Dublin

Amsterdam

EU Member StatesMediterranean partners


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Contents

Foreword 4

1. From Barcelona to Marseilles: An assessment 7

First chapter: Political and security partnership 9

Second chapter: Economic and financial partnership 11

Third chapter: Partnership in social, cultural and human affairs 14

C l i 15


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The Barcelona process has ambitious and long-term objectives: turning theMediterranean basin into an area of dialogue, exchange and cooperationguaranteeing peace, stability and prosperity. These aims represent a de-liberate political choice made by the EU and its Mediterranean partners inNovember 1995 to adopt a global and comprehensive policy.

The Euro-Mediterranean Partnership has led to remarkable achievements. Ithas brought together all the countries of the region at ministerial level,even in very difficult political circumstances; substantial progress in the

i i d i f i i h b hi d

Foreword


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about creating larger markets. This requires a flexible but sufficientlysolid timetable for sub-regional free trade areas.

Economic liberalisation is not only about bringing down trade bar-riers. It is also about looking at regulation and creating an investor-friendly environment. Policies on a wide range of single market issuesshould be brought together: whether customs cooperation, competi-tion rules, public procurement or mutual recognition agreements onnorms and standards; in addition, a closer look should be given to the

ibili i f i l i W h ld d hi i i l 4


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Commission. We must focus cooperation on the main objectives of economic transition and the socioeconomic balance with sectoral adjustment programmes, streamline the priority areas and cut im-plementation delays.

Obviously, the maturity of this partnership needs to be reflected also inthe political and security aspects of the relationship. Links need to bedeepened in a sufficiently flexible manner to allow those who want toprogress further to do so. The Charter for Peace and Stability should be a

i d i l d I h ld id f i i i


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6

1From Barcelona to Marseilles:An assessment

Let me start with the obvious:the present and the future

of the EU and of the southernMediterranean countries

are inextricably interwoven.

Chris Patten


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The Barcelona process:Three chapters two dimensions

Derived from these goals are three main fieldsof activity within the Barcelona process (so-called chapters): the political and securitypartnership, the economic and financial part-nership, and the partnership in social, cultural and human affairs. In the Barcelona Declar-

i d i k h EU i 15

long run, a peaceful and prosperous Europe isimpossible without a strong and stableMediterranean, and that the political destinyof all 27 partners is a shared one.

Allocation of considerable fundsto the MediterraneanOne of the accomplishments of the Euro-

M di P hi i h ll i f

Milestones of the Barcelona process 19952000

27 and 28 November 1995 Barcelona Euro-Mediterranean Conference

15 and 16 April 1997 Malta second Euro-Mediterranean Conference 1 July 1997 Entry into force of the interim association agreement betweenthe EU and the PLO on behalf of the Palestinian Authority

1 March 1998 Entry into force of the EUTunisia Association Agreement 3 and 4 June 1998 Palermo ad hoc Euro-Mediterranean Conference 28 and 29 January 1999 Valencia Euro-Mediterranean Conference on Regional Cooperation 15 and 16 April 1999 Stuttgart third Euro-Mediterranean Conference 1 March 2000 Entry into force of the EUMorocco Association Agreement 25 and 26 May 2000 Lisbon Euro-Mediterranean think-tank meeting 1 June 2000 Entry into force of the EUIsrael Association Agreement 15 and 16 November 2000 Marseilles fourth Euro-Mediterranean Conference


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First chapter: Politicaland security partnership

The first chapter consists of three complemen-tary parts: political dialogue on both the bi-lateral and regional level, partnership-buildingmeasures, and the Charter for Peace and Sta-bility.

place in Lisbon to discuss ideas to reinvigo-rate the Barcelona process.

The most frequent meetings are those of the Eu-ro-Mediterranean Committee for the Barcelonaprocess which is the Euro-MediterraneanPartnerships central steering body. They areconducted at least quarterly on ambassadorial level in order to determine the course of re-

i l i h 2 8

Family photo Think-tank meetingof Euro-Mediterraneanforeign ministers inLisbon, Portugal


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of first-chapter activities. Among them are anumber of partnership-building measures de-signed to create trust and build confidence,including a series of information and trainingseminars for Euro-Mediterranean diplomatsheld semi-annually in Malta, and the Euro-Mediterranean network of foreign policy insti-tutes (EuroMeSCo). These efforts are rein-forced by cooperation among civil protection

f d d

The charter will be the main instrument forthe EUs commitment to stability in the re-gion. It will be a politically and morally bind-ing agreement for all 27 Euro-Mediterraneanpartners for the purpose of preventing ten-sions and crises and for maintaining peaceand stability by means of cooperative security.The charter will further increase the institu-tionalisation of the political dialogue on the

l d b l

Palestinian Authority President, Mr Arafat, and European CommissionPresident, Mr Prodi

King Abdullah II of Jordan and European Commission President,Mr Prodi


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Second chapter:Economic andfinancial partnership

Within the second chapter, there are threeinterconnected objectives: the establishment of a Euro-Mediterranean free trade area, EU sup-

Bilaterally, this assistance is provided mainlythrough MEDA and framed by the Euro-Mediterranean association agreements. Theircore provisions refer to the establishment of free trade between the respective partner andthe EU, thereby serving as a stepping stonetowards a multilateral free trade area. So far,association agreements have entered intoforce with Tunisia (1998), Morocco (2000),

d l ( ) d h h l

TheCypriot/Portuguese

co-presidencyof the third Euro-

Mediterranean IndustryMinisters Conference

in Limassol, CyprusIsraeli and Jordanian divers taking part in a clean-up of the coral reefs off Eilat An example of regional cooperation on the environment


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structural change in the 12 Mediterraneanpartners remains unsatisfactory, thus stiflingthe multilateral exchange of goods, financial assets and services. EU initiatives taken underthe second chapter are designed to alleviatethe current fragmentation of the southern andeastern Mediterranean markets.

In sum, it is crucial to remember that freef

policy sectors are conducted regularly. Be-tween 1995 and 2000, ministers from the 27partners met 12 times (see info box on sec-toral conference on page 13). Six priorityfields were defined jointly:

industrial cooperation; environment; water;

f

EU support for agricultural processing, Egypt

EU-funded Helwan wastewater project, Egypt


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information society (Eumedis), the short- andmedium-term priority action programme forthe environment (SMAP), and a series of maritime transport projects.

Among the 12 partners, there is also a grow-ing awareness of the fact that the success of

the economic and financial partnership de-pends not only on programmes and projectsidentified and administered by the EU, but toan even larger extent on significant effortsundertaken by themselves and among them-selves.

A womensassociationparticipating in theGefrif project(protection of the Rif forest ecosystems),Chefchaouen region,Morocco


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Third chapter:Partnership in social,cultural andhuman affairs

The third partnership chapter aims at foster-ing mutual understanding among the peoples

democratisation of the civil society of theMediterranean partners in that it im-proves mutual comprehension and cohe-sion between young people across theMediterranean basin.

In addition, the EU has given particular con-sideration to promoting human rights anddemocracy in the Mediterranean partners. Co-

EU-financed mobile medical team in theTetouan region, Morocco

Cultural tourism, animportant factor of economic development View of the Treasuryof Petra, Jordan


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ConclusionDuring the relatively short period of fiveyears, the Barcelona process has shown re-markable successes but, naturally, it is farfrom having produced all the results it wasdesigned to bring about. Expectations wereinitially high sometimes too high to be

caused, inter alia, by slow ratification proce-dures. Here, both the Mediterranean partnersand the EU Member States share the blame.Furthermore, southsouth integration still progresses too slowly, if at all, thus failingto attract investors.

Deadlock and slow advances in the MiddleEast peace process, albeit separate from the

The European Union Baroque Orchestra on an EU-funded tour Herein the Gaza Strip

Since ancient times, the Mediterranean Sea has been the crossroads for the exchangeof people, ideas and goods View of the former trading city of Byblos, todays Jbail,Lebanon


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A long-term policy without alternative

Criticism of the Barcelona process is often heard, justified at times, not so at others. Whatever the claims are, however, it must be remembered that:

a long-term policy cannot be fairly assessed on the basis of its short-term results. Theultimate benefit of the efforts undertaken within the framework of the Barcelona processwill not be visible until some time in the future;

Tunisia hasundertaken stepsearly towards a freetrade area with theEU View of themarket of Tozeur,Tunisia


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2Outlook

The Barcelona process () isnot the only axis for the EUs

external policy with theMediterranean. But it is the

most important. And I amdetermined that it should

become even more important still.

During the next decade, a number of achieve-ments are expected in the Barcelona process.Some of them will be the result of ongoingefforts, such as the entry into force of theCharter for Peace and Stability, the conclusionof all remaining Euro-Mediterranean associa-tion agreements, and the strengthening of do-mestic economies. Others will follow from ini-tiatives taken by the EU in 2000 to reinvigo-


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4. Continuing structural adjustmentThe long-term objective of the Barcelonaprocess is to create open economies by theopening-up of markets, the elimination of tradebarriers, and other improvements in the free-dom of movement. Fiscal, administrative andlegal reforms as well as deregulation of publicservices need to be accelerated in order to raise

execution of its Mediterranean policy. Thecentrepiece of a reinvigorated Barcelonaprocess will be the MEDA II regulation. Amongother things, it will entail a streamlining of internal decision-making processes and im-proved planning of programmes and projects.

7. Concluding and implementing theEuro-Mediterranean Charter for

Construction of the EIB-funded Maghreb-Europe gas pipelinefrom Algeria via Morocco to Spain

The EU lends support to the rehabilitation of the Lebanese public administration View of restored downtown Beirut, Lebanon


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9. Increasing cooperation in thepeoples dimension

In the fields of justice and home affairs a newregional programme will be introduced, ad-dressing the following issues:

right of asylum and activities in favour of refugees;

illegal immigration including trafficking

rity partnership will particularly benefit fromsuch a development as it will finally be ableto assume the key role assigned to it at theoutset. Activities could include conflict pre-vention and early warning of crises, as well aspost-peace rehabilitation of affected areasand increased cross-border cooperation.

11. Integrating northern Mediterranean 18

View of parts of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre

The status of Jerusalem is one of the key issues of the Middle East peace process

View of the Western Wall and the Dome of the Rock


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process among the peoples of the partnership,e.g. by the introduction of a political Euromedlabel by which projects can be identified asbeing part of the Barcelona process. Onlywhen the endeavour is regarded as a commonundertaking and when the stakes involved arefully understood will the necessary but painful reforms be accepted as legitimate.

Progress on the association agreements will serve as an indicator of the strength of thepolitical commitment of the 27 partners to thegoals of the Barcelona process.

Scarce water resources require cross-border cooperation Viewof the Yarmouk River Valley, the Golan Heights and Lake Tiberias

A sense of ownership of the Barcelona process among thepeoples of the partnership needs to be promoted Childrenliving in the Roman site of Bosra, Syria


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The MEDA (1 ) programme is the main financial instrument of the Barcelona process. It re-presents the lions share of funds allocated tothe Mediterranean with nearly EUR 1 billionper year ( 2 ). Under MEDA, money is committedin the form of grants, as opposed to comple-mentary financial support given by the Euro-pean Investment Bank (EIB) which comes inthe form of repayable loans.

gional cooperation. Indicative programmes aresubject to annual review and are crafted inclose cooperation with the respective partners.

The purpose of the MEDA programme withinthe greater framework of the Barcelona Declar-ation is twofold.

1. It creates incentives for economic transi-tion and the development of open, com- 20

3The MEDA programme 199599


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MEDA I, which ran from 1995 to 1999, had atotal of EUR 3 435 million, all of which wascommitted to projects under the Euro-Mediter-ranean Partnership. Keeping in mind thatMEDA I constituted an entirely new approachto the administration of EU external assis-tance, it can be considered an overall success.However, several difficulties have led to a lowdisbursement rate (26 % or EUR 890 million at

onwards, MEDA II (EUR 5 350 million for200006) will continue the EUs financial engagement in the region in a streamlinedand more efficient way.

The legal basis for the disbursement of MEDAfunds is the framework conventions. These bi-lateral agreements regulate the transfer of funds from the EU budget to the Mediterranean

MEDA commitments and payments 199599 per year (million EUR)

Commitments Payments

1995 173 50

1996 403 155

1997 981 211

1998 941 231

1999 937 243

Total 3 435 890

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700800

900

1 000

1995 199919981997 1996



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Summary of bilateral and regionalcooperation activitiesThe main activities supported under the MEDAnational indicative programmes were thefollowing:

Structural adjustment: direct budgetarysupport accompanying the effective im-plementation of programmes generally

Environment: activities have been sup-ported in Jordan and Morocco; in addi-tion all partners except Syria have bene-fited from interest rate subsidies on EIBloans for environmental projects; a total of EUR 235 million or 7 % of MEDA com-mitments for 199599.

Rural development: programmes have22

MEDA commitments and payments 199599bilateral ( 1 ) (per partner) and regional

(million EUR)


Algeria 164 30Egypt 686 157

Jordan 254 108Lebanon 182 1Morocco 656 127Syria 99 0Tunisia 428 168Turkey 375 15West Bank/Gaza Strip 111 54Regional (includingtechnical assistance) 480 230

Total 3 435 890

(1 ) Cyprus, Israel and Malta may benefit from regional funds.

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

A l g e r i a E g y p t J o r

d a n L e b

a n o n S y r i a T u r k e y

W e s t B

a n k /

G a z a S

t r i p

R e g i o n

a l ( i n c

l u d i n g

t e c h n i

c a l a s s i s t

a n c e )

PaymentsCommitments

M o r o c c o T u n

i s i a


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MEDA success story

Structural adjustment facilities(economic and financial partnership)

The Barcelona Declaration called for the southern and eastern Mediterranean countries to be drawn to-gether in an area of shared prosperity. This means the EUs financial cooperation has to go well beyondthe proliferation of classical aid projects. All the instruments of this cooperation have to be integrated

Tunisia is one of the major beneficiaries of EU support for structural adjustment

View of the entrance to the market in Tunis


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MEDA success story

Egypts Social Fund for Development(economic and financial partnership)

The Egyptian Government set up the Social Fund for Development (SFD) at the beginning of the 1990s tocounteract the painful side effects of the countrys macroeconomic structural adjustment programme. Thefund has now become a fixture, its remit, poverty reduction and job creation. Ten years on it is one of the

SFD-funded public works programme consisting of environmental improvementof the El Mahmoudia Canal, Alexandria, Egypt

Before development After development


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projekte rund ums mittelmeer

18. juni - 29. oktober 2000Saving Cultural Heritage

Projects around the MediterraneanEine Ausstellung der Stadt Hildesheim in Zusammenarbeit mit der Europischen Union unter Mitwirkung des Hornemann Instituts / An Exhibition of the City of Hildesheim supported by

the Europeian Union, and in co-operation with the Hornemann Institute

tglich 9 - 18 Uhr / daily 9 AM - 6 PM Roemer- und Pelizaeus-Museum Am Steine 1-2 31134 HildesheimTelefon (05121) 93 69 31 - www.roemer-pelizaeus-museum.de

Euro-Mediterranean cultural heritageexhibition at EXPO 2000, Hildesheim,

Germany

MEDA success story

Euromed Heritage(social, cultural and human partnership)

Euromed Heritage is the regional programme for the conservation and development of the Euro-Mediter-ranean regions cultural heritage, launched following the 1996 Bologna Conference. It comprises fourtypes of measure (development, training, awareness raising and skills transfer), the overarching aim being


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The human development index (HDI) is a composite index including, inter alia, life expectancyat birth, adult literacy, real GDP per capita, and gross enrolment in first, second and third level education.

26

AnnexesHuman development and the Mediterranean

Human development index

0.91.0

0.8650.8830.886 0.8640.926


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Population Life GDP Annual GDP (1 000) expectancy per capita growth rate

(at birth, in years) (EUR) (%)

1998 1998 1998 1998

Algeria 29 300 68.9 1 443 5.1

Cyprus 752 77.5 12 107 5.0

1

Euro-Mediterranean statistics


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28

Unemployment Government debt FDI Imports Exportsrate (% of GDP) (million EUR) (million EUR) (million EUR)(%) (with share (with share

of EU in %) of EU in %)1998 1998 1998 1998 1998

26.4 ( 1 ) n.a. 6 ( 1 ) 8 314 (57.1) 9 033 (63.6)

3.3 95.3 30 3 280 (54.7) 949 (38.1)

1


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AlgeriaFinancial commitments were initially slow due tothe political situation and the low absorptivecapacity of the Algerian administration. However,since the end of 1998, cooperation has regaineda certain dynamic.

The economic transition and reform process has

EgyptThe main objectives of measures financed inEgypt through the MEDA programme are to sup-port economic transition and promote a bettersocioeconomic balance. Both tracks should backup Egypt in its medium-term objective of a sustainedeconomic growth beyond 5.5 % per annum.

MEDA bilateral programmes 199599


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ness opportunities within micro and small enter-prises in rural sectors and other deprived areas,and support to basic health and basic educationreform.

Acknowledging the challenges that lie ahead, theGovernment of Egypt has embarked on a majoreffort to improve the quality of basic education

(EU contribution EUR 100 million) and has defineda long-term policy. It emphasises three areas: (1)increasing access to compulsory basic education,particularly for girls and underprivileged children;(2) improving the quality of education through re-ducing wastage and ensuring the attainment ofbasic skills to a grade nine level; and (3) improv-ing system efficiency by enhancing resource use,planning and management and accountability ofteachers and system managers.

In health (EU contribution EUR 110 million), thegovernment has also set the goals of a compre-hensive 1015 years health reform framework,whose ultimate objective is to improve the healthstatus of the Egyptian population through univer-sal access to high-quality and cost-effective ser-

reform, the social safety net and investments in so-cial infrastructure. Moreover, both operations con-tributed to easing the balance of payments con-straints. EUR 57 million has been dedicated toprogrammes in favour of SMEs (EUR 7 million) andindustrial modernisation (EUR 40 million), includingrisk capital resources managed by the EIB in sup-port of SMEs (EUR 10 million).

Poverty reduction measures, in order to ensurethe socioeconomic equilibrium despite Jordanshigh indebtedness and budgetary constraints, fo-cused on the water sector and the protection ofthe environment (EUR 13.2 million for the GreaterAmman water sector improvement programme)and tourism development (EUR 3.9 million).

Lebanon

For the period 199599 the principal objectivesof EU assistance have been to assist Lebanonspost-war institutional and economic reconstruc-tion. 30


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development needs of Lebanons more vulnerablecommunities at risk in an economy in transition.This provides micro-credit lines and assistance toNGOs, municipalities and other agencies con-cerned with rural and urban social welfare andeconomic needs. Lebanon has also benefitedfrom humanitarian and rehabilitation programmesdirected principally to displaced persons affected

by civil war, and for the rehabilitation of SouthLebanon.

Morocco

The capacity for absorption of MEDA funds byMorocco has been very satisfactory. Total com-mitments for the period reached EUR 656 million.

In terms of economic reform, a structural adjust-ment facility has been put in place with the coop-eration of the World Bank (EUR 120 million). Anew government came into power in March 1998.As a result of the political reorientation which fol-lowed, Morocco experienced a delay in the dis-

the north of the country: water purification in ruralareas (EUR 40 million), rural paths and roads(EUR 30 million), integrated rural development(EUR 28 million), support for basic health (EUR 20million), integrated development of forest zones(EUR 24 million), support for basic education(EUR 40 million), the Mediterranean coastal road(EUR 80 million), support for coastal fishing

(EUR 21 million), hydro-agricultural land reform(EUR 29 million), support for development ofNGOs (EUR 4 million) and support for the SocialDevelopment Ministry (EUR 2 million).

Other projects are directed specifically towardsthe improvement of living standards in towns : aidfor young people and sport (EUR 6 million), sani-

tary systems for major towns (EUR 8 million, sup-plemented by the EIB), the sanitary systems forMekns, Settat and Agadir (EUR 13 million, sup-plemented by the EIB), public housing in Tangiers(EUR 7 million), aid to employment creation(EUR 3 million) and cultural institutions (EUR 5million).


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The Business Administration School (EUR 14 mil-lion) will contribute to an improved managementof Syrian enterprises by promoting state-of-the-artmanagement, education and training.

The institutional and sector modernisation facility(EUR 21 million) will assist the Syrian administra-tion in formulating and implementing comprehen-

sive economic modernisation; establish a high-level discussion forum on economic policy andstrategy; and create an atmosphere of changethrough upgrading administrative capacities andservices provided by the Syrian public sector,complementing the other economic support andmodernisation programmes financed by the EU.

The municipal administration modernisation pro-gramme (EUR 18 million) is aimed at an improve-ment in the delivery of services by selectedmunicipalities to their inhabitants.

Other programmes concern support for socio-economic balance. The telecommunications sectorsupport programme (EUR 10 million) aims to mod-ernise the telecom sector and its organisation;

Tunisian industry for future competition fromEurope.

The economic transition and reform process hasbeen supported by two structural adjustment fa-cilities (EUR 180 million) covering reforms essen-tially in the social field, privatisation of publiccompanies and financial sector modernisation.

Several technical assistance projects have beenlaunched to strengthen private sector develop-ment: a project in support of the Tunisian privat-isation programme (EUR 10 million), a project infavour of external direct investment (EUR 4 mil-lion), a project to support the upgrading of thevocational training sector (EUR 45 million), and aproject to enhance the Tunisian economy (EUR 10million). Two risk capital operations have been pre-pared by the EIB in support of privatisation andupgrading of SMEs.

The socioeconomic balance has been supportedby two technical assistance projects concerningrural development (EUR 50 million) and jobcreation (EUR 9.6 million). 32


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The projects focus on the following priority areas.

Modernisation and promotion of the privatesector. The 10 projects financed (in total EUR 42million) support small and medium-sized enter-prises (SMEs), the development of the productiveinfrastructure, institutional cooperation and assist-ance for privatisation. In this respect the creationof business centres in Izmit, Izmir and Gazientepand a project on the effective enforcement of in-tellectual property rights were supported. Further-more, risk capital for SMEs was provided throughthe EIB.

Public health. The five projects identified underthis priority (in total EUR 95 million) include a proj-ect on the improvement of the reproductive healthservices, food inspection, cancer prediagnosis forwomen and a rehabilitation project of two districtsin Istanbul.

Education. The six projects supported (in totalEUR 182 million) will help to improve and reformin particular the system of basic and vocationaleducation and increase the quality of the educa-

the Barcelona process and are eligible for MEDAfunding. In addition, it was considered that due tothe particular conditions in the West Bank andGaza Strip (WBGS), a specific financial instrument,established following the signature of the Declara-tion of Principles in 1993, should be retained (sup-port programme for the Middle East peaceprocess).

Assistance to the Palestinians for the period199599 amounts to approximately EUR 88 mil-lion per year in grants (MEPP support pro-gramme, MEDA and other EU budget lines). Thepriority areas for cooperation are infrastructure,institution building and private sector develop-ment. The development assistance in these areas,both directly and indirectly, aims at reaching theoverall objectives of the Barcelona process. Thefollowing projects are financed by MEDA.

The EU has set up and is implementing the mu-nicipal support programme (phases 13) amount-ing to EUR 45 million. The programme aims at up-grading infrastructure through small-scale projects(water supply, sewerage, road rehabilitation) in the


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34

PoliticalSenior (foreign ministry) officials have pursued thedialogue on political and security matters meetingregularly, at least four times a year. In particular,they have agreed on a number of partnership-building measures and have made considerableprogress on the Charter for Peace and Stability.

Economic and financialRegional forums have been set up covering thepriority sectors agreed by ministers for regionalcooperation: industrial cooperation, environment,water, energy, transport and the information socie-ty. In each case sectoral experts from the 27 part-ners meet to agree the guidelines for regional co-

MEDA regional programme 199599


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first series of projects launched (EUR 7 million).

The second series is to be launched in 2000(EUR 20 million).

Water: the general lines of an action programmehave been agreed and a first series of projects isto be launched in 2000 (EUR 20 million).

Energy: projects have been launched on a legaland administrative framework; dialogue on policy,

connection and pilot projects on specific applica-

tions of information technology) is operational(EUR 45 million).

Social, culturaland human


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36

Progress of negotiationson Euro-Mediterraneanassociation agreements

Partner ( 1 ) Conclusion Signature of Entry into forceof negotiations agreement

Tunisia June 1995 July 1995 March 1998

Israel September 1995 November 1995 June 2000

Morocco November 1995 February 1996 March 2000


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Head Office (Editor)Horizontal Matters Unit (F.1)Middle East and South Mediterranean DirectorateExternal Relations Directorate-GeneralEuropean CommissionB-1049 BrusselsFax (32-2) 29-66653

Websites on the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership and its MEDA programme

Addresses


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38

Jordan

Contact: Josephine MushahwarAl Jaez Street 15Amman(PO Box 926794 Amman)Tel. (962-6) 566 81 91/566 81 92 (ext. 108)Fax (962-6) 568 67 46E-mail: [email protected]

LebanonContact: Bouchra ChahineMatta and Jaroudi BuildingCharles Malek Avenue AchrafiehPO Box 11-4008 BeirutTel. (961-1) 33 51 91/33 51 99 (ext. 126)Fax (961-1) 33 51 00E-mail: [email protected]: http://www.dellbn.cec.eu.int

MaltaContact: Agns BorgVilla The Vines51, Ta Xbiex Sea FrontTa Xbiex MSD 11Malta GC

Syria

Contact: Hana NahasChakib Arslan StreetAbou Roumaneh(BP 11269 Damascus)Tel. (963-11) 332 76 40Fax (963-11) 332 06 83E-mail: [email protected]: http://www.delsyr.cec.eu.int

TunisiaContact: Jamel GoubantiniImmeuble Europe, Berges du Lac1082 Tunis(BP 143 1082)Tel. (216-1) 96 03 30Fax (216-1) 96 03 02E-mail: [email protected]: http://www.ce.intl.tn

TurkeyContact: Feray SalmanUgur Mumcu Caddesi No:88, 4th floorTR-06700 Gaziosmanpasa, Ankara


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Already published:The Palestinians and the European Union (English and Arabic)

Barcelona Declaration (English and French)Euro-Mediterranean Partnership (English, French and Arabic)

Private sector development (English and French)

European Commission

The Barcelona process, five years on 19952000

Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities

2000 39 pp. 21 x 29.7 cm

ISBN 92-894-0146-X


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1 1

N F - 3 2 - 0 0 -1 2 8 -E N - C


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Already published:The Palestinians and the European Union (English and Arabic)

Barcelona Declaration (English and French)Euro-Mediterranean Partnership (English, French and Arabic)

Private sector development (English and French)

Support for structural adjustment (English and French)The MEDA programme (English and French)

Short and medium-term priority environmental action prog ramme (SMAP) (English and French)

European Commission

External Relations Direct orate-GeneralRue de la Loi Wetstraat 200

B-1049 BrusselsEuropean Union

European Commission

The Barcelona process, five years on 19952000

Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities

2000 39 pp. 21 x 29.7 cm

ISBN 92-894-0146-X

A great deal of additional information on the European Union is available on the Internet.It can be accessed through the Europa server (http://europa.eu.int).

Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication.

Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2000

ISBN 92-894-0146-X

European Communities, 2000Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged.

Printed in Italy

P RINTED ON WHITE CHLORINE -FREE PAPER

Copyright (photographs):

Cover, pp. 11 (left), 14 (right), 15 (right), 18 (left), 19, 20 (top left and right): Johannes GehringerP. 9: Portuguese PresidencyP. 10: Audiovisual library, European CommissionP. 11 (right): Friends of the Earth, Middle EastP. 12: European Commission delegation to EgyptPp. 13, 18 (right): Micheline Jauson-PonsP. 14 (left): European Commission delegation to MoroccoP. 15: European Union Baroque OrchestraPp. 16, 24: Francesco SettembriP. 20: (bottom) European Commission representation to TurkeyP.25: Social Fund for DevelopmentP. 26: Roemer-und-Pelizaeus-Museum, Hildesheim

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