BANK EXAM ONLINE COACHINGVERBAL REASONING

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VERBAL REASONING

DATA SUFFICIENCY

DATA SUFFICIENCY : AN ANALYSIS

Analyse the given data and see if you can get the answer to the question using the given data. When you are attempting a question of data sufficiency you should follow a systematic approach as laid down below. This approach being a systematic one, will save your time. Also, in case you get stuck at any point, it will help your chances of guessing a correct answer because it narrows down the possible answers from five to three or two.

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1) if statement (I) alone is sufficient to answer the question but statement (II) alone is not sufficient to answer the question.

2) if statement (II) alone is sufficient to answer the question but statement (I) alone is not sufficient to answer the question.

3) if you can get the answer from (I) and (II) together although neither statement by itself suffices.

4) if statement (I) alone is sufficient and statement (II) alone is sufficient.5) if you cannot get the answer from statements (I) and (II) together but

still more data are needed.

Example: WHAT IS THE RELATION OF X AND Y?

(I)Y is the mother of Z.(II)Z is the brother of A.  www.bankguru.in

FORMAT OF THE QUESTION

By looking at the question we can derive that:

There are two possible outcomes: either the statement will be sufficient or it will not be sufficient. If the former is true, then either I or 4 is the correct answer and if the latter be true, then either 2 or 3 or 5 is the correct answer. Thus we have narrowed down the number of possible answers from five to two or three. Similarly, this procedure can be continued with the second statement.

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The complete step-by-step approach is

explained by the following diagram.

/ \ Yes No Answer is 5 Answer is 3www.bankguru.in

The step-by-step approach outlined here will be sufficient for you to lead to correct answers quickly. However, there are some additional facts which you should keep in mind to have a still quicker approach. These points are discussed below in the following section.

RELATIONSHIP DATES COMPARISON AGES

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RELATIONSHIP

In questions that go like "How is Y related to X", the most usual mistake students commit is that they conclude about the relationship without taking the sex into account. For example, if it is said that X is the son of Y; is it sufficient to conclude that Y is the mother of X, no. Because that sex of Y is not known. Y can be either the father or the mother of X.

DATES

In questions that go like "On which day of the week did the plane reach London "or What is the birthday of X, You have to find out a "day" or a "date" or an "year". This can be done if (a) the day or the date of same earlier incident (or later incident) is given and (b) the exact time-gap between the two incidents is given. For example, if I am asked to tell "what is Sonu's birthday", a statement that says "Minu's birthday is on 20th March" gives an earlier incident and a statement that says "Sonu was born 5 days after Minu's" gives a clear-cut time-gap between the two incidents. Therefore the two statements are together sufficient to answer the question although neither by itself suffices. www.bankguru.in

COMPARISON

` In questions like "Who is the tallest among A, B, C" or "Who is the heaviest among X, Y, Z" we have to make some comparisons. Here, the best way to solve the question by using the mathematical inequalities. For example, if "Sonu is heavier than Manju" you can write it as "S > M". Similarly, Madan is sitting to the left of Ratan and Ratan is sitting to the left of Sudan" can be written as "Madan > Ratan > Sudan". Then the inequalities may be combined to draw the conclusion.

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AMONG FOUR FRIENDS, A, B, C AND D; WHO IS THE HEAVIEST?

I) A IS HEAVIER THAN B BUT LIGHTER THAN C.

(II) B is not the lightest.

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SOLUTION

Soln: Write statement (I) as: C > A> B.

Now, C and A cannot be lightest as both are heavier than B. So B is not the lightest as per statement I.I. So D must be the lightest. So, combining; we get

C > A > B > D. .as C is the heaviestThus, we can answer the question by using both the

statements.

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AGE

Sometims questions go like "What is the age of Shyam?" To help you answer the question, the statements give additional information.

Normally, the informations reduce to mathematical equations and using these mathematical equations we can solve and find out the age. If one person's age is unknown, we say that there is one unknown. If two persons' ages are not known, we say there are two unknowns. Again, one information gives us one equation. Two different informations give us two equations.

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Now, we can easily find out if the given statements are enough to find out a person's age. For this you can follow the following golden rule.

"If the number of informations is same as the number of unknowns, the data is sufficient; otherwise they are not."

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GDDJFGCFJGExample: Is my son 12 years old?STATEMENTS:I. Four years later he will be twenty years younger than

me.II. Now, I am twenty years older than him.

SOLUTION:THIS IS A DECEPTIVE PROBLEM. You should notice that there are two unknowns in this case:

'Father' and 'Son'. But how many informations are there? Two? No. There is only one information. Both statements I and II only state that the father is older than the son by 20 years (although the language of I and II are different). So here, we have repetition of data. Since there is one information (one equation) for two unknowns data are insufficient and the answer is 5.www.bankguru.in

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THANK YOU

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