Badrinath Disaster 2013
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Transcript of Badrinath Disaster 2013
Uttarakhand: A Tragedy,A Lesson
ORJust An Incident
Uttarakhand: A Tragedy,A Lesson
ORJust An Incident
Tapas Kumar Ghatak, GeophysicistSpatial Planning Expert,Former Director , KMDA ,Dept of UD GOWBand JICA Waste Management ProjectSr GIS consultant, UNICEF, World Bank , DFID
Seismic Zone Intensity on MMI scale % of total area
II (Low intensity zone) VI (or less) 43%
III (Moderate intensity zone) VII 27%
IV (Severe intensity zone) VIII 18%
V (Very severe intensity zone) IX (and above) 12%
Kedarnath Badrinath
Gongotri
JOSHIMATH
Tributaries
- left Saraswati, Dhauliganga, Nandakini,Pindar
- right Mandakini
Source Confluence of SatopanthGlacier and Bhagirathi KharakGlacier
- elevation 3,880 m (12,730 ft)
Sourceconfluence
Bhagirathi River
Source Gaumukh (gou, cow+ mukh, face), about18 km (11.2 mi) from thetown of Gangotri
- elevation 3,892 m (12,769 ft)
Source confluence Alaknanda River
Mouth Ganges
- location Devprayag, Uttarakhand,India
Alakanada Basin catchment Bhagirathi basin catchment
Sourceconfluence
Bhagirathi River
Mouth Ganges
- location Devprayag, Uttarakhand, India
- elevation 475 m (1,558 ft)
Length 190 km (118 mi)
Basin 10,882 km2 (4,202 sq mi)
Discharge
- average 439.36 m3/s (15,516 cu ft/s)
- elevation 475 m (1,558 ft)
Length 205 km (127 mi)
Basin 6,921 km2 (2,672 sq mi)
Discharge
- average 257.78 m3/s (9,103 cuft/s)
- max 3,800 m3/s (134,196 cuft/s)
Sample catchment in a Hilly River
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
Duration minute
Few prominent Cloud burst
0 Rainfall in inches
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
Person killed in cloud burst/flood
0
2000
4000
6000
Killed
Vehicles on road to Badrinath
Pilgrimages arriving in Badrinath from 1990 to 2012
Pilgrimages arriving in Kedarnath from1990 to 2012
Kedarnath Shrine underwater
Why is Uttarkhand so disaster prone?
• Weather forecast to predict sudden cloudbursts is missing.
• Government has failed to control illegal construction ofhouses on the river bed.
• Bumper to bumper dams every 18Km apart. 70+ hydropowerprojects on river Ganges tributaries.
• Constant digging to construct hydroelectric plants results indeforestation and landslides.
• Poor roads in Uttarkhand
• Weather forecast to predict sudden cloudbursts is missing.
• Government has failed to control illegal construction ofhouses on the river bed.
• Bumper to bumper dams every 18Km apart. 70+ hydropowerprojects on river Ganges tributaries.
• Constant digging to construct hydroelectric plants results indeforestation and landslides.
• Poor roads in Uttarkhand
What could be added to the List• Poor Mobile connectivity in almost 70% of the valley• No Cell Phone Charging facility by alternative source in
case of prolong Power failure• No data base for the tourists/ pilgrimages/vehicles
between May-September• Un controlled increase in tourist, going beyond carrying
capacity• No community interface in the entire system like contact
No, Name of the person etc in every 5-10 Km in the YatraRoute.
• Special care team for Senior citizen en routeAll of them could be done and executed
• Poor Mobile connectivity in almost 70% of the valley• No Cell Phone Charging facility by alternative source in
case of prolong Power failure• No data base for the tourists/ pilgrimages/vehicles
between May-September• Un controlled increase in tourist, going beyond carrying
capacity• No community interface in the entire system like contact
No, Name of the person etc in every 5-10 Km in the YatraRoute.
• Special care team for Senior citizen en routeAll of them could be done and executed
Looking into East
Darjeeling
Land Slide in Darjeeling ,25 Aug 2011
Darjeeling after Image analysis
DARJEELING DISTRICTDARJEELING DISTRICTBLOCKS OF DARJEELING DISTRICTBLOCKS OF DARJEELING DISTRICTGP OF DARJEELING DISTRICTGP OF DARJEELING DISTRICTRIVER OF DARJEELING DISTRICTRIVER OF DARJEELING DISTRICTNATIONAL HIGHWAY OFNATIONAL HIGHWAY OFDARJEELING DISTRICTDARJEELING DISTRICTTOWN OF DARJEELING DISTRICTTOWN OF DARJEELING DISTRICTRAILWAY TRACK OF DARJEELINGRAILWAY TRACK OF DARJEELING
DISTRICTDISTRICTOTHERS ROAD OF DARJEELINGOTHERS ROAD OF DARJEELING
DISTRICTDISTRICTJHORA OF DARJEELING DISTRICTJHORA OF DARJEELING DISTRICTLANDSLIDE OF DARJEELINGLANDSLIDE OF DARJEELINGDISTRICTDISTRICT
KURSEONG BLOCK OF DARJEELING DISTRICTKURSEONG BLOCK OF DARJEELING DISTRICT
KURSEONG BLOCK OF DARJEELING DISTRICTKURSEONG BLOCK OF DARJEELING DISTRICTELEVATION MODEL OF KURSEONG BLOCK OFELEVATION MODEL OF KURSEONG BLOCK OFDARJEELING DISTRICTDARJEELING DISTRICT
Integration of physical parameters for development of Darjeeling Hills
R.C : Rock Competency 1: GOOD, 2: MODERATE, 3: LESS, 4:POOR, 5:DISTURBED, 6: THRUST
R.F : Rain Fall 1:MODERATE, 2: GOOD, 3: HEAVY,4:VERY HEAVY
L.U : LAND USE F: FOREST, T: TEA, M.P: MEDICAL PLANT, O: OTHER USE , L.S: LAND SLIDE
CRITICAL AREAS NON-CRITICAL AREAS
Lat/Long Grid R.C R. F L.U MajorDrainage
Majorroad
Imp.Place
ReliefRangein ft.
Remark
8800- 88052705- 2710
A5 1 2 F NIL Phedigaon-Sabargram
PalutSabargram
10000-12000
880- 88052710- 2715
A6 1 1,2 F Siri khola NIL ThakhamPhedigaonSandakphu
8000-12000
8805- 88102655- 2700
B3 1 2 O,F Rangbongnala
Sukhiapokri-Mirik,Mirik-
Pokribong
SukiapokriDebrepamRangbong
Mirik
4000-7000
8805- 88102700- 2705
B4 1 1,2 O, F NIL NIL DangiabazarSingbong
6000-8000
8805- 88102705- 2710
B5 1 1,2 O, F, LS Lodhomakhola
Budhuwari-Phedigaon
RimbikBudhiwariPhedigaon
3000-9000
8805- 88102710- 2715
B6 1 1 F RammanRivar
NIL Ramman 8000-10000
880- 88052650- 2655
C2 13,4,5
2 T, F Rangbongnala
Mirik-Panighata
MirikManjwaTingling
3000-6000
Integration of physical parameters for development of Darjeeling Hills
R.C : Rock Competency 1: GOOD, 2: MODERATE, 3: LESS, 4:POOR, 5:DISTURBED, 6: THRUST
R.F : Rain Fall 1:MODERATE, 2: GOOD, 3: HEAVY,4:VERY HEAVY
L.U : LAND USE F: FOREST, T: TEA, M.P: MEDICAL PLANT, O: OTHER USE , L.S: LAND SLIDE
CRITICAL AREAS NON-CRITICAL AREAS
Lat/Long Grid R.C R. F L.U MajorDrainage
Majorroad
Imp.Place
ReliefRangein ft.
Remark
8800- 88052705- 2710
A5 1 2 F NIL Phedigaon-Sabargram
PalutSabargram
10000-12000
880- 88052710- 2715
A6 1 1,2 F Siri khola NIL ThakhamPhedigaonSandakphu
8000-12000
8805- 88102655- 2700
B3 1 2 O,F Rangbongnala
Sukhiapokri-Mirik,Mirik-
Pokribong
SukiapokriDebrepamRangbong
Mirik
4000-7000
8805- 88102700- 2705
B4 1 1,2 O, F NIL NIL DangiabazarSingbong
6000-8000
8805- 88102705- 2710
B5 1 1,2 O, F, LS Lodhomakhola
Budhuwari-Phedigaon
RimbikBudhiwariPhedigaon
3000-9000
8805- 88102710- 2715
B6 1 1 F RammanRivar
NIL Ramman 8000-10000
880- 88052650- 2655
C2 13,4,5
2 T, F Rangbongnala
Mirik-Panighata
MirikManjwaTingling
3000-6000
DEVELOPMENT AREAS AS DERIVED FROM PHYSICAL PARAMETERS OF DARJEELING HILL AREA , WEST BENGAL
1 AREA FOR ECO TOURISM 4 NEEDS RESTRICTION IN DEVELOPEMENT
2 FUTURE DEVELOPEMENT 5 DELICATE AREA, NEEDS MONITORING( IMMEDIATE PRIORITY}
3 CONTROLLED DEVELOPEMENT 6 NEEDS MONITORING
88 00 5 110 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 5015
10 10
5
27
5
27
00 00
55 55
50 50
88 00 5 110 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
C5 D5 E5
C2
H6
G5 H5
D2
E3
E4 F4
F5
F3 G3 H3 I3
H4 I4 J4 K4
I5 J5 K5
B3 C3 D3
G4
E2
C4 D4
I2
A6 B6
A5 B5
B4
DEVELOPMENT AREAS AS DERIVED FROM PHYSICAL PARAMETERS OF DARJEELING HILL AREA , WEST BENGAL
1 AREA FOR ECO TOURISM 4 NEEDS RESTRICTION IN DEVELOPEMENT
2 FUTURE DEVELOPEMENT 5 DELICATE AREA, NEEDS MONITORING( IMMEDIATE PRIORITY}
3 CONTROLLED DEVELOPEMENT 6 NEEDS MONITORING
88 00 5 110 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 5015
10 10
5
27
5
27
00 00
55 55
50 50
88 00 5 110 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
C5 D5 E5
C2
H6
G5 H5
D2
E3
E4 F4
F5
F3 G3 H3 I3
H4 I4 J4 K4
I5 J5 K5
B3 C3 D3
G4
E2
C4 D4
I2
A6 B6
A5 B5
B4
SIKKIM
BH
UTA
N
JALPAIGURI
SILIGURI
NAXALBARI
NEPA
L
KURSEONG
DARJEELING KALIMPONG
MOUZA MAP OF DARJEELINGLEGENDMAJOR
MOUJABLOCK
RIVERS
SCALE:
01.25Km 6.25Km 12.50Km
( MOUZA BOUNDARY APPROXIMATE )
Made by Environment Cell, KMDA
ROAD
BOUNDARYBOUNDARY
SIKKIM
BH
UTA
N
JALPAIGURI
SILIGURI
NAXALBARI
NEPA
L
KURSEONG
DARJEELING KALIMPONG
MOUZA MAP OF DARJEELINGLEGENDMAJOR
MOUJABLOCK
RIVERS
SCALE:
01.25Km 6.25Km 12.50Km
( MOUZA BOUNDARY APPROXIMATE )
Made by Environment Cell, KMDA
ROAD
BOUNDARYBOUNDARY
SIKKIM
BH
UTA
N
JALPAIGURI
SILIGURI
NAXALBARI
NEPA
L
KURSEONG
DARJEELING KALIMPONG
MOUZA WISE PROPOSEDLEGEND
MAJOR
MOUJA
BLOCK
RIVERS
SCALE:
AREA FOR
FUTURE
CONTROLLED
NEEDS RESTRICTON
DELICATE AREA,
NEEDS MONITORING
NEEDS MONOTORING(IMMEDIATE PRIORITY)
IN DEVELOPMENT
0 1.25Km 6.25Km 12.50Km
( MOUZA BOUNDARY APPROXIMATE )
Made by Environment Cell, KMDA
ROAD
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
ECO TOURISM
DEVELOPMENT
DEVELOPMENT
DEVELOPMENT ZONES
SIKKIM
BH
UTA
N
JALPAIGURI
SILIGURI
NAXALBARI
NEPA
L
KURSEONG
DARJEELING KALIMPONG
MOUZA WISE PROPOSEDLEGEND
MAJOR
MOUJA
BLOCK
RIVERS
SCALE:
AREA FOR
FUTURE
CONTROLLED
NEEDS RESTRICTON
DELICATE AREA,
NEEDS MONITORING
NEEDS MONOTORING(IMMEDIATE PRIORITY)
IN DEVELOPMENT
0 1.25Km 6.25Km 12.50Km
( MOUZA BOUNDARY APPROXIMATE )
Made by Environment Cell, KMDA
ROAD
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
ECO TOURISM
DEVELOPMENT
DEVELOPMENT
DEVELOPMENT ZONES
DARJEELING GUIDE MAP
LEGEND
5. Contour4. Settelment
SCALE :-1:8,000 6. Rail Way
1. Road2. River/Canal3. Jhora
Contour Interval - 50 Feet
7. Ward Boundary6. Old Boundary
SLOPE MAP OF DARJEELING
DARJEELING GUIDE MAP
LEGEND
5. Contour4. Settelment
SCALE :-1:8,000 6. Rail Way
1. Road2. River/Canal3. Jhora
Contour Interval - 50 Feet
7. Ward Boundary6. Old Boundary
0 – 55 PERCENT RISE0 – 55 PERCENT RISE
55 – 110 PERCENT RISE55 – 110 PERCENT RISE
110 – 166 PERCENT RISE110 – 166 PERCENT RISE
166 – 221 PERCENT RISE166 – 221 PERCENT RISE
221 – 276 PERCENT RISE221 – 276 PERCENT RISE
276 – 331 PERCENT RISE276 – 331 PERCENT RISE
331 – 380 PERCENT RISE331 – 380 PERCENT RISE
380 – 442 PERCENT RISE380 – 442 PERCENT RISE
0º – 35º0º – 35º
35º – 71º35º – 71º
71º – 107º71º – 107º
107º – 143º107º – 143º
143º – 179º143º – 179º
179º – 215º179º – 215º
215º – 251º215º – 251º
251º – 287º251º – 287º
PLANNINNG POLICIES
What it should be
What it is Now
= Development
PLANNINNG POLICIES
What it is Now
?