BADMINTON

Object of the Game Badminton

The game of badminton consists of two to four players (singles or doubles). The aim of badminton is to hit the shuttle with your racket so that it passes over the net and lands inside your opponent’s half of the court.

Play begins from the right half court. Players must hit the shuttlecock into the diagonal opposite court.

History of

Badminton

Badminton was first called as Poona. It was developed from a children’s game called battledore and shuttlecock. The object of this game was to see how long a group could volley the shuttlecock by hitting it with the battledore, or paddle. This cooperative, non-competitive game was originally played without a net.

It was in the 1860s, when some British officers in India who were stationed at 'Kirkee' near the city of 'Poona' (now known as Pune city) used to play a game which was very similar to badminton and the game was known as the 'Poona' game at that time.

These soldiers played with Battledores (Paddles) which was used to hit the shuttlecock and had also added a net in between the players. When these British soldiers returned back home at Gloustershire County in the 1870s, they continued to play this 'Poona' badminton game.

In 1873, the Duke of Beaufort held a lawn party in his country place, called Badminton. A game of Poona was played on that day and it became popular among the elite people of British society. The new party sport became known as "the Badminton game" and started to grow popular.

The year 1877, is of historic significance for badminton, as the 'Bath Badminton Club', the first badminton club ever, was formed and also the first official set of rules were developed.

The International Badminton Federation (IBF) was formed in 1934 with 9 founding members.

- England- Ireland- Scotland- Wales- Denmark- Holland- Canada- New Zealand- France

Major international tournaments like the Thomas Cup which is for Men, and the Uber Cup which is for Women started to be held.

Badminton was officially granted Olympic status in the 1992 Barcelona Games. From 9 founding members, IBF now have over 150 member countries.

Facilities and Equipment of Badminton

Racquet – used to hit the bird, the racquet is shaped like a tennis racquet and has strings, but weighs much less. The frame of the racket, including the handle, is not to exceed 680 mm (26.75 inches) in overall length, and 230 mm (9 inches) in overall width. The overall length of the head is not to exceed 290 mm. Most racquets are made from light man-made materials such as aluminum or graphite, and are strung with synthetic material such as nylon.

Shuttle, Shuttlecock, Bird, Birdie - whatever it is called, it is badminton's version of a tennis ball. It has a small ball at the front to give it speed, and feathers protruding from it to help it float when it is hit high into the air. An official shuttlecock must have 14-16 feathers and are usually made from a goose or duck and from the left wing of the bird only.

Shoes – special court shoes are worn to allow players to move quickly across the court, and to give them traction for quick movements around

Net-plays an important role in badminton matches. The Badminton World Federation’s Laws of Badminton provide specific standards for net height, width, and construction. An official badminton net must measure 5 feet high in the center, and 5 feet, 1 inch at the sides. The net attaches to vertical posts on either side of the court. The net should measure 30 inches from bottom to top, and must consist of a uniform, dark-colored mesh. The net should have a white tape running along the top to make the net’s full height visible to players and officials.

Badminton Court - shall be a rectangle laid out with lines of 40mm wide, preferably in white or yellow color. The Badminton Court Dimensions are of 13.4m in length and 6.1m in width.

Rules of the Game

Scoring System• Every time you win a rally,

you get a point. • The winner of a badminton

match is the player(s) who win two games out of three.

• A game is won by being the first to reach 11, 15 or 21 points. • Each game must be won by at

least two points and a number of systems are available for extending a game where a score of 10-10, 14-14 or 20-20 has been reached.

• The server is not allowed to serve until his opponent is ready. If the opponent attempts to return service, he is deemed to have been ready.

• Both the server and the opponent receiving the serve are required to stand so that some part of both feet remains in contact with the surface of the court while in a stationary position until the service has been delivered.

• Every time there is a serve – there is a point scored.

• The side winning a rally adds a point to its score.

• At 20 all, the side which gains a 2 point lead first, wins that game.

• At 29 all, the side scoring the 30th point, wins that game.

• When you’re saying the score, always say the server’s score first.

• The side winning a game serves first in the next game

• If players commit an error in the service court, the error is corrected when the mistake is discovered.

ServingServing is how you start the rallyReceiver is the person who hits the second shot in the rally. In doubles, the receiver’s partner is not allowed to hit this shot.

How to serve

In badminton, the serve must be hit in an upwards direction, with an underarm hitting action. You are not allowed to play a "tennis style" serve.

The main rule here is that when you hit the shuttle, it must be below your waist. To be exact, the rules define this to be a height level with the lowest part of your ribcage. In other words, you can serve from a bit higher than the top of your shorts, but not much.

Service courtsThe service courts are smaller box shapes inside the court.

Two Service Courtsyour right service court, and your left service court.

Doubles Service Courts. They are wider, because they use the outside side line (remember: the doubles court is wider); and they are shorter, because they use the inside back line.

How service courts are used

The server must stand inside a service court. The receiver must stand inside the diagonally opposite service court. The serve must travel into the diagonally opposite service court.

If the serve is going to land outside the service court, then the receiver should let it fall to the floor. If the receiver hits the serve, then the rally continues even if the serve had been going out.

The server and receiver must stay inside their service boxes until the server contacts the shuttle with his racket. After that, they can leave the boxes immediately and move anywhere on court.

Next: The scoring system in badminton

Deciding who gets to serve first

In a major tournament, a coin toss is used to decide which side will serve first.

In more casual club or league games, you usually just throw the shuttle up in the air, let it land, and see which side it points towards: that side serves first.

Position of Server and Receiver in Doubles Match

In a doubles match between A & B against C & D. A & B won the toss and decided to serve. A to serve to C. A shall be the initial server while C shall be the initial receiver.

Love All

1-0

1-1

2-1

2-2

3-2

3-3

Note:• The order of server depends on the

score odd or even same as in singles. • The service courts are changed by the

servicing side only when a point is scored. In all other cases, the players continue to stay in their respective service court from where they played previous rally. This shall guarantee alternate server.

Singles, Doubles, and Mixed DoublesYou can have either two or four players on a badminton court: one player on each side, or a team of two players on each side. Singles- One-against-one Doubles- two-against-two

Five Types of Badminton• Men’s singles • Women’s singles • Men’s doubles • Women’s doubles • Mixed doubles (each team is a man and

a woman) Men’s doubles and women’s doubles are also called level doubles.

Interval and Change of Ends• When the leading score reaches 11

points, players have a 60 second interval.

• A 2 minute interval between each game is allowed.

• In the third game, players change ends when the leading score reaches 11 points.

Terminologies

Serve The stroke used to put the shuttlecock into play at the start of each rally; also called a "service".

Low serveThe low serve travels into the receiver's forecourt, to fall on or just behind his short service line. Low serves must travel as close to the net tape as possible, or they will be attacked fiercely. In doubles, the straight low serve is the most frequently used service variation.

High serveThe high serve is hit very high, so that the shuttle falls vertically at the back of the receiver's service court. The high serve is never used in doubles, but is common in singles.

Flick serveAlthough the flick serve is hit upwards, the trajectory is much shallower than the high serve.

Drive serveDrive serves are hit flat to the back of the receiver's service court.

NetshotA netshot is played into the opponent's forecourt, as close to the net as possible.

Drive

Drive : A fast and low shot that makes a horizontal flight over the net.

A drive is played when the shuttle is near net height, at the side of the player's body.

PushA gentle shot played by pushing the shuttlecock with a little wrist motion.

LiftA lift is played upwards to the back of the opponent's court. Midcourt lifts are most commonly played in response to a smash or well-placed push.

Defensive liftA lift that is hit very high, so that the player gains time for recovery to a good base position. Attacking liftA lift that is hit more shallowly, so that the opponent is forced to move very quickly to prevent the shuttle from travelling behind him.

ClearA clear travels high and to the back of the opponent's rearcourt.

Defensive clearA clear that is hit very high, so that the player gains time for recovery to a good base position. Attacking clearA clear that is hit more shallowly, so that the opponent is forced to move very quickly to prevent the shuttle from travelling behind him..

Baseline : The back boundary line at each end of the court, parallel to the net.

Carry An illegal stroke in which the shuttle is not hit, but caught and held on the racket before being released; also called a "sling" or "throw".

Drop shot A shot hit softly and with finesse to fall rapidly and close to the net in the opponent's court.

Fault A violation of the playing rules.

Forehand The stroke used to return a ball hit to the right of a right-handed player and to the left of a left-handed player.

BackhandThe stroke used to return balls hit to the left of a right-handed player and to the right of a left-handed player.

Kill Fast downward shot that cannot be returned.

Let A minor violation of the rules allowing a rally to be replayed.

Match A series of games to determine a winner.

Rally The exchange of shots that decides each point.

Service court The area into which a service must be delivered. Different for singles and doubles.

Short service line The front line of the service courts 1.98 metres from the net. Singles : A game where one player plays against another player.

Smash A smash is a powerful stroke or hard-hit overhead shot that forces the shuttle sharply downwards into the opponent's court.

Wood shot A legal shot in which the shuttle hits the frame of the racket.

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