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Bacterial Invasion of Cancer Cells: Using Bacteria for Therapeutics Leeza Shashkova 30 July 2013.
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Transcript of Bacterial Invasion of Cancer Cells: Using Bacteria for Therapeutics Leeza Shashkova 30 July 2013.
![Page 1: Bacterial Invasion of Cancer Cells: Using Bacteria for Therapeutics Leeza Shashkova 30 July 2013.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072006/56649f535503460f94c77da4/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Bacterial Invasion of Cancer Cells: Using Bacteria for Therapeutics
Leeza Shashkova
30 July 2013
![Page 2: Bacterial Invasion of Cancer Cells: Using Bacteria for Therapeutics Leeza Shashkova 30 July 2013.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072006/56649f535503460f94c77da4/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Bacterial Invasion of Cancer Cells
• Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide
• One solution was developed by synthetic biologists: engineer a bacteria that destroys cancer cells
![Page 3: Bacterial Invasion of Cancer Cells: Using Bacteria for Therapeutics Leeza Shashkova 30 July 2013.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072006/56649f535503460f94c77da4/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Bacterial Invasion of Cancer Cells
• Biologists developed bacteria that destroy tumor cells and do not harm other tissue
• Bacteria respond to hypoxic environment created by dense tumor cells by invading cell
• Can invade HeLa (epithelial), HepG2 (carcinoma), and U2OS cells (osteosarcoma)
![Page 4: Bacterial Invasion of Cancer Cells: Using Bacteria for Therapeutics Leeza Shashkova 30 July 2013.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072006/56649f535503460f94c77da4/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Bacterial Invasion of Cancer Cells
• Bacteria can be constructed with various components
• When expressed, the inv gene (from the Y. pseudotuberculosis bacteria) produces invasin
• Invasin is a protein that enables bacteria to invade mammalian cells
![Page 5: Bacterial Invasion of Cancer Cells: Using Bacteria for Therapeutics Leeza Shashkova 30 July 2013.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072006/56649f535503460f94c77da4/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Bacterial Invasion of Cancer Cells
• The inv gene can be paired with a few other components: the lux operon, the fhdF promoter, or the araBAD promoter
• Lux operon is a quorum sensing circuit from the Vibrio fischeri bacteria, a family of bacteria that responded to high cell density
![Page 6: Bacterial Invasion of Cancer Cells: Using Bacteria for Therapeutics Leeza Shashkova 30 July 2013.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072006/56649f535503460f94c77da4/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Bacterial Invasion of Cancer Cells
• The fhdF promoter is responsive to hypoxic environments
• The araBAD promoter is responsive to arabinose
• Lux operon, fhdF promoter and araBAD promoter are all well equipped to work in this bacteria, because they are sense characteristics of cancerous tissue
![Page 7: Bacterial Invasion of Cancer Cells: Using Bacteria for Therapeutics Leeza Shashkova 30 July 2013.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072006/56649f535503460f94c77da4/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Bacterial Invasion of Cancer Cells
• Once inside of the cell, the bacteria release cytotoxins to destroy the cancer cell
![Page 8: Bacterial Invasion of Cancer Cells: Using Bacteria for Therapeutics Leeza Shashkova 30 July 2013.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072006/56649f535503460f94c77da4/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Bacterial Invasion of Cancer Cells
• Bacterial treatment of cancer is safer and more effective than other treatment options like chemotherapy
• Bacteria are a more accurate treatment for the patient, because they release the correct dose and target the specific area
![Page 9: Bacterial Invasion of Cancer Cells: Using Bacteria for Therapeutics Leeza Shashkova 30 July 2013.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072006/56649f535503460f94c77da4/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Bacterial Invasion of Cancer Cells
• University of Pennsylvania’s iGEM team designed a bacteria that would destroy cancer cells when exposed to blue light
![Page 10: Bacterial Invasion of Cancer Cells: Using Bacteria for Therapeutics Leeza Shashkova 30 July 2013.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072006/56649f535503460f94c77da4/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Bacterial Invasion of Cancer Cells
• Bacterial therapeutics has not been widely received by the public yet
• Artemisinin has already been introduced to the market as an affordable cure for malaria
• With more education about the benefits of genetic engineering, we may be someday treating diseases with engineered bacteria
![Page 11: Bacterial Invasion of Cancer Cells: Using Bacteria for Therapeutics Leeza Shashkova 30 July 2013.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072006/56649f535503460f94c77da4/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Bacterial Invasion of Cancer Cells
Bibliography• http://www.technologyreview.com/news/405899/tumor-killing-bacteria/
• http://www.cancer.org/research/cancerfactsstatistics/
• http://bmes.org/history
• http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC205046/
• http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/neurology_neurosurgery/specialty_areas/spine/clinical_trials/chordoma_study_announcement.pdf
• http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9338007
• http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/8867865/reload=0;jsessionid=WMgdnfeuuANQzxhaYg6q.20
• http://www.jbiomedsci.com/content/17/1/21
• http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/09/070905201213.htm
• http://www.jbiomedsci.com/content/17/1/21/figure/F1?highres=y