BACTERIA WITH GLIDING MOTILITY

:Author:

Gunjan Mehta,

Dept. of Biotechnology,

Shree M. & N. Virani Science College, Rajkot

Email: gjmehta@vsc.edu.in

Slideshare: http://www.slideshare.net/gunjan_rjt

Gliding fruiting bacteria

• Order: Myxobacterales• Ex: Stigmatella aurentiaca

Chondromyces crocatus

Mechanism of Gliding fruiting bacteria• Bacterial gliding is a process whereby a bacterium can move under its own power.

• This process does not involve the use of flagella, which is a more common means of motility in bacteria.

• For many bacteria, the mechanism of gliding is unknown or only partially known

• Gliding is prominent in cyanobacteria, myxobacteria and the cytophaga-flavobacteria.

Mechanism of Gliding fruiting bacteria

• This process does not involve the use of flagella, which is a more common means of motility in bacteria.

• For many bacteria, the mechanism of gliding is unknown or only partially known, and it seems likely that in fact different bacteria use distinct mechanisms to achieve what is currently referred to as gliding.

Mechanism of Gliding fruiting bacteria

• The only understood mechanism involves using type IV pili in such bacteria as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Myxococcus xanthus.

• Myxococcus xanthus : A-motility (one of the two motility mechanisms this bacterium has) two other mechanisms have been proposed, one involving ejection of a polysaccharide slime from nozzles at either end of the body [2] and the other using "focal adhesion complexes" distributed along the cell body

Genes involved in gliding• Dave Kaiser et al., at Stanford University.• Two motility systems:• 1. S- system: Social gliding genes; Enables gliding in cells which are close together to move upon a stimulus.

• Non motile if mutated

• 2. A- system: Adventurous gliding genes: Allows bacteria to glide independently upto long distances.

• Slow motion upon mutation due to the presence of S- motility system.

Life cycle: Stigmatella aurentiaca

Gliding non fruiting bacteria

• Sporocytophaga

• Capnocytophaga- gingivival crevice

• Baggiatoa