BACnet Best Practices - · PDF fileToday’s Presentation is by David Fisher of...

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BACnetBACnet®®

Best Practices:Best Practices:Realizing The BenefitsRealizing The Benefits

of Interoperabilityof Interoperability

Presented ByPresented ByDavid FisherDavid FisherPolarSoftPolarSoft® Inc.® Inc.

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Moderator Edward Sullivanis editor of Building OperatingManagement magazine. He hasmore than 15 years of experiencecovering facility issues.

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Interoperability Interoperability ––What is it and What isnWhat is it and What isn’’t it?t it?

Focus on ASHRAEFocus on ASHRAEBACnetBACnet Standard Protocol Standard Protocol

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TodayToday’’s Presentation is bys Presentation is by

David FisherDavid Fisherof of PolarSoftPolarSoft® Inc.® Inc.

David Fisher attended Carnegie-Mellon University where hestudied Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence. He was acharter voting member of ASHRAE's SPC 135P and has beenvery active in the development of the BACnet® Standard sinceits inception over 20 years ago. Fisher has over 35 yearsexperience in building automation, communications networks,real-time software, human-interface design and distributeddirect digital control systems.

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Delta Controls does the job right.Delta Controls does the job right.

Delta Controls helps buildings run more efficiently, saving energy and money.

As a leading BACnet developer, Delta is able to integrate new technology into existing systems.

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BACnetBACnet-based Interoperability:-based Interoperability:

- - Increase energy efficiencyIncrease energy efficiency- Reduce operations and maintenance costs- Reduce operations and maintenance costs

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A clear picture of whatA clear picture of whatinteroperability meansinteroperability means

TodayToday’’s goal is to provides goal is to provide::

Greater understanding of BestGreater understanding of BestPractices in the implementation ofPractices in the implementation ofthe ASHRAE/the ASHRAE/BACnetBACnet Standard Standard

ImplementationImplementationroadmap toroadmap tominimize cost andminimize cost andmaximize flexibilitymaximize flexibility

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INTEROPERABILITYINTEROPERABILITY

A

B

““InteroperabilityInteroperability”” has specific meaning in has specific meaning incontext of building and facilities systemscontext of building and facilities systemsand infrastructureand infrastructure

We have specific interactionsWe have specific interactionsin mind that we expect to takein mind that we expect to takeplace between themplace between themsuccessfullysuccessfully

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Screw A Screw A interoperatesinteroperateswith screwdriver Bwith screwdriver B

A

B

The The interoperationsinteroperationsare screwing andare screwing andunscrewingunscrewing

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DB

Interoperations have limitationsInteroperations have limitations Limitation: Screwdriver B canLimitation: Screwdriver B can

interoperate with both A and C,interoperate with both A and C,but not with Dbut not with D

Accept limitation or getAccept limitation or getmore screwdriversmore screwdriversA

C

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InterchangeabilityInterchangeability

C

A

B

Even though ScrewdriverEven though ScrewdriverB can interoperate withB can interoperate withboth A and C...both A and C...

Interchangeability isInterchangeability isnot interoperabilitynot interoperability

A and C are NOTA and C are NOTinterchangeableinterchangeable for formost applicationsmost applications

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InterchangeabilityInterchangeability

A

B

Interchangeability isInterchangeability isalways based on always based on criteriacriteria

If size is the criteria,If size is the criteria,then A and C arethen A and C areinterchangeableinterchangeable

If finish is theIf finish is thecriteria then Acriteria then Aand C are NOTand C are NOTinterchangeableinterchangeable

C

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InterchangeabilityInterchangeability Even whenEven when

interoperability isinteroperability isexactly the same,exactly the same,interchangeability isinterchangeability isnot guaranteednot guaranteedA

BC

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InteroperabilityInteroperability

Some devicesSome devicesinteroperate betterinteroperate betterthan others for thethan others for thesame interoperationssame interoperations

A B

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InteroperabilityInteroperability Even when standardEven when standard

objects are used,objects are used,interoperability is notinteroperability is notguaranteedguaranteed

A

BC

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Interoperability is not aInteroperability is not a““yesyes”” or or ““nono”” thing thing

We want a collection of possibleWe want a collection of possibleinteractions that mostly orinteractions that mostly orcompletely overlapcompletely overlap

Some devices have a broaderSome devices have a broaderrange of interoperability than othersrange of interoperability than others

B C DA

InteroperabilityInteroperability

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Proprietary vs. InteroperableProprietary vs. InteroperableWhat Does This All Mean?What Does This All Mean?

Should you invest in systems intended to beShould you invest in systems intended to beinteroperable or proprietary by nature?interoperable or proprietary by nature?

Proprietary systems arenProprietary systems aren’’t t necessarily designed to necessarily designed to NOT work with anything elseNOT work with anything else

But interoperable But interoperable systems ARE designedsystems ARE designedto work with other to work with other interoperable systemsinteroperable systems

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Proprietary vs. InteroperableProprietary vs. Interoperable

Proprietary architecture locks in singleProprietary architecture locks in singlevendor for replacement or expansionvendor for replacement or expansion

Risk of supply disappearing or costlyRisk of supply disappearing or costlyupgradesupgrades

No procurement flexibilityNo procurement flexibility Choices for maintenance, service &Choices for maintenance, service &

training are limitedtraining are limited Lack of competition can lead to poorLack of competition can lead to poor

serviceservice

Pitfalls of choosing a Pitfalls of choosing a proprietary system over proprietary system over an interoperable systeman interoperable system

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Proprietary vs. InteroperableProprietary vs. Interoperable

Locked-in to one vendorLocked-in to one vendor CanCan’’t expand except with one vendort expand except with one vendor Procurement inflexibilityProcurement inflexibility Specialized training limitations andSpecialized training limitations and

expenseexpense Obsolescence of technologyObsolescence of technology No third-party tools, services,No third-party tools, services,

expertiseexpertise

Pitfalls of choosing a Pitfalls of choosing a proprietary system over proprietary system over an interoperable systeman interoperable system

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Interoperability BenefitsInteroperability Benefits Interoperability is beneficial even ifInteroperability is beneficial even if

components arencomponents aren’’t interchangeablet interchangeable Interchangeability isnInterchangeability isn’’t always thet always the

issueissue Often, replacements are needed to doOften, replacements are needed to do

a particular thing even though theya particular thing even though theyarenaren’’t identicalt identical

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Interoperability BenefitsInteroperability Benefits Procurement FlexibilityProcurement FlexibilityFlexibility to partially expand and intermixbuilding automation components withoutreplacing entire system

Mix systems of different function & typeor different system components of thesame type

Mix systems of different function & typeor different system components of thesame type

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Interoperability BenefitsInteroperability Benefits Integration and CooperativeIntegration and Cooperative

InteroperationInteroperationExample: Access card reader integrateselevators, lighting & HVAC control

Ability to achieve integration and cooperationAbility to achieve integration and cooperationbetween systems & components historicallybetween systems & components historicallythought of as separatethought of as separate

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Interoperability BenefitsInteroperability Benefits Protection from Protection from ““lock-inlock-in”” and and

proprietary technologyproprietary technology

Future-proofing your investment

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ChallengesChallengesThere is no boilerplate solutionThere is no boilerplate solutionassuring the kind of interoperabilityassuring the kind of interoperabilityyou want you want —— There is no litmus test for There is no litmus test forBACnetBACnet!!

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ChallengesChallengesMost problems are traced to a fewMost problems are traced to a fewroot causesroot causes::

Inadequate or imprecise specificationInadequate or imprecise specificationof interoperable requirementsof interoperable requirements

Weak or non-conforming BACnetWeak or non-conforming BACnetimplementationsimplementations

Qualification of vendorsQualification of vendors Clear responsibilitiesClear responsibilities

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BACnet InteroperabilityBACnet Interoperability

Transport System •LANs•Internetworking

Representing Information •Objects

Making Requestsand Interoperating •Services

Application Language

Divides the problem into three distinct areasDivides the problem into three distinct areasand defines methods and standards forand defines methods and standards forimplementationimplementation

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BACnet InteroperabilityBACnet InteroperabilityDevice information is modeled in one or moreDevice information is modeled in one or moreinformation Objectsinformation Objects





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BACnet InteroperabilityBACnet InteroperabilityDevices ask each other to perform ServicesDevices ask each other to perform Services





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BACnet InteroperabilityBACnet InteroperabilityObjects and Services model is the LanguageObjects and Services model is the Languageof of BACnetBACnet devices devices





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BACnet InteroperabilityBACnet InteroperabilityMultiple types of Transport Systems allowMultiple types of Transport Systems allowdesigners to choose the most cost-effectivedesigners to choose the most cost-effectivemethod for an application.method for an application.





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BACnet InteroperabilityBACnet InteroperabilityFlexible and scalable internetworking schemeFlexible and scalable internetworking schemeallows large allows large BACnetBACnet networks networks





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BACnet InteroperabilityBACnet InteroperabilityAllows multiple types of transport mechanismsAllows multiple types of transport mechanismsbut the message contents are the samebut the message contents are the samelanguagelanguage





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ObjectsObjectsBACnetBACnet defines 25 standard object types. defines 25 standard object types.

Binary Input

Multi-state Input

File

Binary Output

Multi-state Output

Program

Binary Value

Schedule

Loop

Analog Input

Calendar

Group

Analog Output

Notification Class

Event Enrollment

Analog Value

Command

Device

Averaging

Multi-state Value

Trend Log

LifeSafetyZone

LifeSafetyPoint

Pulse ConverterAccumulator

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ObjectsObjectsThese standard objects representThese standard objects representmuch of the functionality in buildingmuch of the functionality in buildingautomation and control systemsautomation and control systems

Binary Input

Multi-state Input

File

Binary Output

Multi-state Output

Program

Binary Value

Schedule

Loop

Analog Input

Calendar

Group

Analog Output

Notification Class

Event Enrollment

Analog Value

Command

Device

Averaging

Multi-state Value

Trend Log

LifeSafetyZone

LifeSafetyPoint


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ObjectsObjects18 new object types expanding into18 new object types expanding intoAccess Control, Lighting and otherAccess Control, Lighting and otherareas have been proposedareas have been proposed

Binary Input

Multi-state Input

File

Binary Output

Multi-state Output

Program

Binary Value

Schedule

Loop

Analog Input

Calendar

Group

Analog Output

Notification Class

Event Enrollment

Analog Value

Command

Device

Averaging

Multi-state Value

Trend Log

LifeSafetyZone

LifeSafetyPoint


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End GoalsEnd GoalsBest practices to keep in mindBest practices to keep in mindwhen planning a new or expandedwhen planning a new or expandedBACnetBACnet system: system: Leverage interoperable technologyLeverage interoperable technology Emphasize common elementsEmphasize common elements Flexible procurement,Flexible procurement,

Eliminate Eliminate ““lock-inlock-in”” Only buy the interoperabilityOnly buy the interoperability you need you need

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Minimize cost by using control systems,Minimize cost by using control systems,mechanical equipment and subsystems based onmechanical equipment and subsystems based onBACnetBACnet at core level at core level

Have no intrinsicHave no intrinsicpremium cost!premium cost!

Provide greatestProvide greatestflexibility inflexibility inreplacement,replacement,procurement andprocurement andinteroperabilityinteroperability

Avoid the pitfalls ofAvoid the pitfalls ofproprietary systemsproprietary systems

Best PracticesBest PracticesNative BACnet Devices:Native BACnet Devices:

BACnet

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Best PracticesBest PracticesBACnet ClientsBACnet ClientsTraining advantages: common Training advantages: common BACnetBACnet ideas ideasare applicable across vendorsare applicable across vendors’’ equipment equipment

Standard ObjectsStandard Objects AI, AO, AVAI, AO, AV BI,BO,BVBI,BO,BV MSI,MSO,MSVMSI,MSO,MSV etc.etc.

Well DocumentedWell DocumentedNon-standard ObjectsNon-standard Objects AHU objectAHU object Chiller objectChiller object etc.etc.

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Best PracticesBest PracticesBACnet ClientsBACnet ClientsProprietary extensions should be transparentlyProprietary extensions should be transparentlydocumented and easily accessibledocumented and easily accessible



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Best PracticesBest PracticesBACnet ClientsBACnet ClientsDonDon’’t build around too rigid or simplistict build around too rigid or simplisticBACnetBACnet clients clients



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CommissioningCommissioningBACnetBACnet mechanisms facilitate setup mechanisms facilitate setup ––but the standard doesnbut the standard doesn’’t solve everyt solve everycommissioning issuecommissioning issueRESULT: There are no standard RESULT: There are no standard BACnetBACnetmechanisms required by every device tomechanisms required by every device toallow for setupallow for setup……

…and there is no standard BACnetprogramming language

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CommissioningCommissioningIMPORTANT:IMPORTANT:Who is responsible for software setup?Who is responsible for software setup?Who provides required software?Who provides required software?

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CommissioningCommissioning Object property-based setupObject property-based setup Proprietary tools when necessaryProprietary tools when necessary Documentation is key!Documentation is key!

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BACnet TestingBACnet Testing BACnet Testing Laboratory (BTL)BACnet Testing Laboratory (BTL)

A not-for-profit companyA not-for-profit companyTest according to ASHRAE 135.1Test according to ASHRAE 135.1Additional Test Criteria based on BTL-Additional Test Criteria based on BTL-

WG member inputWG member inputFee-based ListingFee-based Listing

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BACnet TestingBACnet Testing BTL Benefits:

Uniform evaluation criteria Interoperability measurement

(to extent of test accuracy)Assured vendor commitment

to BACnet standard

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Managing a BACnet SystemManaging a BACnet SystemBACnet

WorkstationSoftware

Vendor B Tools

Third Party Tools

Vendor A Tools

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For More InformationFor More Information www.polarsoft.biz/learning.html

PolarSoft’s BACnet Learning Center www.bacnet.org

Unofficial BACnet Committeewebsite at Cornell University

www.bacnetassociation.orgBACnet Internationaltrade association

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Thank YouThank You!!This concludesThis concludes

the the webinarwebinar..

BACnet Best Practices - · PDF fileToday’s Presentation is by David Fisher of...

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