Bacha Khan University Charsadda Department of Mathematics ...
Transcript of Bacha Khan University Charsadda Department of Mathematics ...
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Bacha Khan University Charsadda
Department of Mathematics & Statistics
Discipline of Physics
Scheme of Studies for Two-Year Associate Degree Program
AD PHYSICS
First Year: First Semester
First Year: Second Semester
Second Year: Third Semester
Course Code Course Title Course Type Credit Hours
ELL-311 English I: Functional English Gen Ed 03
PS-321 Pakistan Studies Gen Ed 03
CS-311 QR-1 (Introduction to ICT) Gen Ed 03
NS-I* Gen Ed 03
PHY-311 Mechanics-I Subject-Specific 03(2+1)
PHY-312 Electricity and Magnetism-I Subject-Specific 03
Total Credit Hours 18
Course Code Course Title Course Type Credit Hours
ELL-321 English II: Composition Writing Gen Ed 03
IS-312 Islamic Studies Gen Ed 03
Arts and Humanities-I (Languages) Gen Ed 03
SOC -313 SS-1 (Citizenship Education and
community Engagement)
Gen Ed 03
PHY-321 Mechanics-II Subject-Specific 03
PHY-322 Electricity and Magnetism-II Subject-Specific 03(2+1)
Total Credit Hours 18
Course code Course title Course type Credit
hours
ELL-411 English III: Academic Reading and Writing Gen Ed 03
NS-II * Gen Ed 03
PHIL-302 QR-II (Logic and Quantitative Reasoning) Gen Ed 03
PHY-411 Waves and Oscillation Subject-Specific 03(2+1)
PHY-412 Heat and thermodynamics Subject-Specific 03
MATH-404 Discrete Structures Subject-Specific 03
Total Credit Hours 18
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Second Year: Fourth Semester
Course Code Course Title Course Type Credit Hours
Arts and Humanities-II Gen Ed 03
Social Sciences - II Gen Ed 03
PHY-421 Modern Physics Subject-Specific 03(2+1)
PHY-422 Optics Subject-Specific 03
PHY-423 Cosmology/Relativity Subject-Specific 03
Internship PLL Non-Credit Hour
Entrepreneurship/Youth Club/ Sports PLL Non-Credit Hour
Total Credit Hours 15
Arts and Humanities
I. Pashto, Urdu, Arabic, Turkish, Chinese or any other language
II. Islamic History and Culture, Philosophy, History, Education, Home Economics or any other
approved course of BKUC
Social science II
Political Science, Sociology, Psychology, Economics, Law , or any other approved Basic course
of BKUC
Natural Sciences (any two subjects may be selected from the following disciplines)
Mathematics, Statistics, Botany, Zoology, Chemistry, Physics, Geography, GIS, Geology,
Electronics, Geophysics, computer, (or any other approved Basic Course of BKUC)
Minimum Credit Hours required = 60
Total Credit Hours = 69
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Semester 1st
ELL-311 ENGLISH–I: FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH Credit Hours: Three (3)
Course Description
The subject aims to enhance the students' ability in the meaningful use of grammatical structures.
Students will be able to use the targeted grammatical structures meaningfully and appropriately
both in oral and written production.
Course Objectives
1. To enable students to identify main/topic sentences.
2. To teach them to use effective strategies while reading texts.
3. To acquaint them with cohesive devices and their function in the text.
Course Contents
• Vocabulary (Frequently confused / misused words, Phrases, synonyms, antonyms, idioms
& General vocabulary),
• Practical Use of Grammar (Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Adjectives, Adverbs, Prepositions,
Conjunctions, Articles, Interjections & Tenses),
• Transitive and Intransitive verbs
• Punctuations, 14 American English Punctuations.
• Sentences (Types of sentences, Parts of sentences, Direct and Indirect Speech, Active &
Passive Voice & Conditional Sentences),
• Composition + Summarization (Describing, Narrating, Argumentation, Short / long
Composition)
• Comprehension + Précis writing.
• Phrase, Types of Phrase
• Clause, Types of Clause
Recommended Books
• High School English Grammar & Composition by Wren and Martin.
• Practical English Grammar by A.J. Thomson & A.V. Martinet. Exercises 1 & 2. 3rd
edition. Oxford University Press.
• Writing. Intermediate by Marie-Christine Boutin, Suzanne Brinand& Francoise Grellet.
Oxford Supplementary Skills. 4th
Impression 1993.
• Reading. Upper Intermediate. Brian Tomilson & Rod Ellis. Oxford Supplementary Skills.
3rd
Impression 1992.
Course Code Course Title Course Type Credit Hours
ELL-311 English I: Functional English Gen Ed 03
PS-321 Pakistan Studies Gen Ed 03
CS-311 QR-1 (Introduction to ICT) Gen Ed 03
NS-I* Gen Ed 03
PHY-311 Mechanics-I Subject-Specific 03(2+1)
PHY-312 Electricity and Magnetism-I Subject-Specific 03
Total Credit Hours 18
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PS-321 PAKISTAN STUDIES
Credit Hours: Three (3)
Course Objectives:
Develop vision of historical perspective, government, politics, contemporary Pakistan,
ideological background of Pakistan and to Study the process of governance, national
development, issues arising in the modern age and posing challenges to Pakistan.
Course Contents:
Historical Perspective
Ideological rationale with special reference to Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, Allama Muhammad Iqbal and Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah.
Factors leading to Muslim separatism
People and Land
i. Indus Civilization
ii. Muslim advent
iii. Location and geo-physical features.
Government and Politics in Pakistan
Political and constitutional phases:
1947-58
1958-71
1971-77
1977-88
1988-99
1999 onward
Contemporary Pakistan
Economic institutions and issues
Society and social structure
Ethnicity
Foreign policy of Pakistan and challenges
Futuristic outlook of Pakistan
COURSE RECOMMENDED BOOKS:
1. Amin, Tahir. (1999). Ethno-National Movement in Pakistan. Islamabad: Institute of Policy
Studies, Islamabad.
2. Burke,S.M and Ziring,Lawrence. (1993). Pakistan’s Foreign policy: An Historical analysis.
Karachi: Oxford University Press,
3. Mehmood, Safdar. (2001). Pakistan Kayyun Toota. Lahore: Idara-e-Saqafat-e-Islamia.
Club Road Press.
4. Mehmood, Safdar. (1994). Pakistan Political Roots & Development. Lahore.
5. Waseem ,Muhammad. (1987). Pakistan Under Martial Law. Lahore: Vanguard.
6. Zaidi,Akbar. S.( 2000). Issue in Pakistan’s Economy. Karachi: Oxford University Press.
CS-311 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER
Credit Hours: Three (3)
Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
At the end of the course the students will be able to: Domain BT Level*
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Understand basics of computing technology (Knowledge)
Have knowledge of types of software (Understand)
Have knowledge of computing related technologies
Have practical knowledge of use of computer and MS office.
C
C
C
C
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2
2
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* BT= Bloom’s Taxonomy, C=Cognitive domain, P=Psychomotor domain, A= Affective
domain
Course Content:
Introduction:
Brief history of Computer, Basic Computer Elements and computer types
(Super, Mainframe, Mini and Micro), Digital and Analogue Computer
Computer Hardware:
(Input Devices, processor, Output Devices)
Storage Devices:
(Register, Cache, RAM, ROM, HDD, optical Storage devices (CD, DVD, Blue
rays), Cloud)
Computer Software:
System Software (Operating System, Device Drivers and Language processor)
Application software
Computer Network:
Types of Computer Network (LAN, MAN, WAN), Topologies (Bus, Star, Ring
Mesh), Clint, Server, Hub, Switch, Router
Internet and WWW:
Basic Structure of Internet, Web page, Website, Web application, Web Browser,
Search engine, email, cyber security
MS Word
MS Power Point
MS Excel
Basics of program relevant tools
Teaching Methodology:
Lectures, Written Assignments, Practical labs, Semester Project, Presentations
Course Assessment:
Sessional Exam, Home Assignments, Quizzes, Project, Presentations, Final Exam
Reference Materials:
1. Charles S. Parker, Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, Course Technology, 25
Thomson Place, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, USA
2. Livesley, Robert Kenneth. An introduction to automatic digital computers. Cambridge
University Press, 2017.
3. Zawacki-Richter, Olaf, and Colin Latchem. "Exploring four decades of research in
Computers & Education." Computers & Education 122 (2018): 136-152.
4. Sinha, Pradeep K., and Priti Sinha. Computer fundamentals. BPB publications, 2010.
5. Goel, Anita. Computer fundamentals. Pearson Education India, 2010.
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PHY-311 MECHANICS-1
Credit Hours: Three (3)
Objectives: The main objective of this course is to understand the different motions of
objects on a macroscopic scale and to develop simple mathematical
formalisms to analyze such motions. This is a calculus-based introductory
course with maximum emphasis on applying the acquired knowledge to
solving problems.
Basic Concepts: Units and Dimensions, SI Units, Changing Units,
Vector Analysis:Review of Vector in 3dimension and fundamental Operations, Directions,
Cosines, Spherical polar coordinates, Cylindrical coordinates. Adding Vectors: Graphical as
well as Component Method, Multiplying Vectors: Dot and Cross Products. Vector and Scalar
triple products, gradient of a vector, Divergence and curl of a vector, Physical significance of
each type, Divergence of a vector, flux, curl, and line integral (mutual relation). Vector identities.
Particle Dynamics: Position & Displacement, Velocity and Acceleration, Motion under
Constant Acceleration, Projectile Motion, Uniform Circular Motion, Relative Velocity and
Acceleration in One and Two Dimensions, Inertial and Non-Inertial Reference Frames. Effect of
drag force on motion. Applying Newton’s Law to obtain v(t) for the case of motion with time
dependent (integration approach) drag (viscous) forces, terminal velocity. Newton’s Laws of
Motion and their Applications involving some particular forces including Weight, Normal Force,
Tension, Friction, and Centripetal Force
Work and Kinetic Energy: Work done by Constant and Variable Forces: Gravitational and
Spring Forces, Power, Conservative and Nonconservative Forces, Work and Potential Energy,
Isolated Systems and Conservation of Mechanical Energy, Work Done by External Forces
including Friction and Conservation of Energy
System of Particles: Motion of a System of Particles and Extended Rigid Bodies, Center of
Mass and Newton’s Laws for a System of Particles, Linear Momentum, Impulse, Momentum &
Kinetic Energy in One and Two Dimensional Elastic and Inelastic Collisions
Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM): Amplitude, Phase, Angular Frequency, Velocity and
Acceleration in SHM, Linear and Angular Simple Harmonic Oscillators, Energy in SHM, Simple
Pendulum, Physical Pendulum, SHM and Uniform Circular Motion, Damped Harmonic
Oscillator
PHY-312 ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM-I
Pre-requisite: Mechanics, Calculus I
Co-requisite: Calculus II
Credit Hours: Three (3)
Objectives: The main objective of this course is to understand the Physics of
Electromagnetism and to develop simple mathematical formalisms to
analyze the electromagnetic fields and interactions. This is a calculus-
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based introductory course with maximum emphasis on applying the
acquired knowledge to solving problems.
Electrostatics: Electric Charge, Conductors and Insulators, Coulomb’s Law, Electric Fields due
to a Point Charge and an Electric Dipole, Electric Field due to a Charge Distribution, Electric
Dipole in an Electric Field, Electric Flux, Gauss’ Law and its Applications in Planar, Spherical
and Cylindrical Symmetry
Electric Potential: Equipotential Surfaces, Potential due to a Point Charge and a Group of Point
Charges, Potential due to an Electric Dipole, Potential due to a Charge Distribution, Relation
between Electric Field and, Electric Potential Energy
Capacitors and Capacitance: Parallel Plate, Cylindrical and Spherical capacitors, Capacitors in
Series and Parallel, Energy Stored in an Electric Field, Dielectrics and Gauss’ Law (1 week).
DC Circuits: Electric Current and Current Density, Resistance and Resistivity, Ohm’s Law,
Power in Electric Circuits, Semiconductors and Superconductors, Work, Energy, and EMF,
Resistances in Series and Parallel, Single and Multiloop Circuits, Kirchhoff’s Rules, RC Circuits,
Charging and Discharging of a Capacitor
Magnetic Field and Magnetic Force: Crossed Electric and Magnetic Fields and their
Applications, Hall Effect, Magnetic Force on a Current Carrying Wire, Torque on a Current
Loop, Magnetic Dipole Moment, Energy of Magnetic Dipole in field, Lorentz force with its
applications in CRO, Magnetic Field Due to a Current, Force between two Parallel
Currents,Ampere’s Law (integral and differential form), Gauss’s Law for Magnetism, Differntial
form of Gauss’s Law. Biot-Savart Law: Magnetic Field due to a Current, Long Straight Wire
carrying Current, Solenoids and Toroids, a current-carrying Coil as a Magnetic Dipole. Origin of
Atomic and Nuclear magnetism, Basic ideas. Bohr Magneton, Magnetization, Definition of M,
B, Magnetic materials: Paramagnetism, Diamagnetism, Ferromagnetism-Discussion.
Hysteresis in Ferromagnetic materials.
Recommended Text Books:
1. D. Halliday, R. Resnick and J. Walker, “Fundamentals of Physics”, John Wiley & Sons,
9th
ed. 2010.
2. R. A. Serway and J. W. Jewett, “Physics for Scientists and Engineers”, Golden Sunburst
Series, 8th
ed. 2010.
3. R. A. Freedman, H. D. Young, and A. L. Ford (Sears and Zeemansky), “University
Physics with Modern Physics”, Addison-Wesley-Longman, 13th
International ed. 2010.
4. F. J Keller, W. E. Gettys and M. J. Skove, “Physics: Classical and Modern, McGraw Hill.
2nd
ed. 1992.
5. D. C. Giancoli, “Physics for Scientists and Engineers, with Modern Physics”, Addison-
Wesley, 4th
ed. 2008.
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Semester 2nd
ELL-321 ENGLISH II: COMPOSITION WRITING Credit Hours: Three (3)
Course Description:
The course focuses on the basic strategies of composition and writing skills. Good writing skills
not only help students obtain good grades but also optimize their chances to excel in professional
life. The course includes modes of collecting information and arranging it in appropriate manner
such as chronological order, cause and effect, compares and contrast, general to specific etc. It
enables the students to write, edit, rewrite, redraft and proofread their own document for writing
effective compositions. Because of the use of a significant amount of written communication on
daily basis, sharp writing skills have always been valued highly in academic as well as
professional spheres.
Course Objectives:
This course aims to:
1. Assist students identify the audience, message, and the purpose of writing
2. Develop rhetorical knowledge and critical thinking
3. Enable them express themselves in a variety of writing styles
4. Help students write well organized academic texts including examination answers with
topic/thesis statement and supporting details.
5. Make students write argumentative essays and course assignments
6. Use different mechanics of writing to produce various types of compositions effectively
keeping in view the purpose and the audience
7. Demonstrate rhetorical knowledge
8. Demonstrate critical thinking in well-organized forms of academic texts
Course Contents:
• Writing Process,
• Invention in writing Process or brainstorming
• Generating Ideas (collecting information in various forms such as mind maps, tables,
lists, charts etc)
• Identifying Audience, Purpose, and Message,
• Ordering Information,
• Chronology for a narrative,
• Stages of a process,
• Deductive vs Inductive approach in writing
• Comparison and contrast,
• Problem solution pattern,
• Drafting,
Course Code Course Title Course Type Credit Hours
ELL-321 English II: Composition Writing Gen Ed 03
IS-312 Islamic Studies Gen Ed 03
Arts and Humanities-I (Languages) Gen Ed 03
SOC -313 SS-1 (Citizenship Education and
community Engagement)
Gen Ed 03
PHY-321 Mechanics-II Subject-Specific 03
PHY-322 Electricity and Magnetism-II Subject-Specific 03(2+1)
Total Credit Hours 18
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• Free Writing,
• Revising, Editing, Paraphrasing,
• Cohesion and Coherence, Cohesive Devices,
• Paragraph unity, Summary and Précis Writing,
• Creative Writing, Essay Writing,
• Developing a thesis, writing effective introduction and conclusion
• Organizing an essay, different types of essays, use of various rhetorical modes including
exposition, argumentation and analysis
Recommended Books
Critical Reading and Writing: An Introductory Course by Goatly, A. 2000. London: Taylor
& Francis
A Writer’s Reference by Hacker, D. 1992. 2nd ed. Boston: St. Martin’s
Study writing: A course in written English for academic and professional purposes. by
Hamp-Lyons, L. & Heasley, B. 1987. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Oxford English for Undergraduates by Howe, D. H, Kirkpatrick, T. A. & Kirkpatrick, D. L.
2004. Karachi: Oxford University Press.
• Patterns for College Writing: Fourth Edition. Kirszner, L.G & Mandell, S.R. 1989 USA:
St. Martin’s Press, Inc.
• Write to be Read: Reading, Reflection and Writing by Smazler, W. R. 1996. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
IS-312: ISLAMIC STUDIES Credit Hours: Three (3)
Course Objectives:
This course is aimed at:
1. To provide Basic information about Islamic Studies
2. To enhance understanding of the students regarding Islamic Civilization
3. To improve Students skill to perform prayers and other worships
4. To enhance the skill of the students for understanding of issues related to faith and
religious life.
Course Contents:
Introduction to Quranic Studies
Basic Concepts of Quran
History of Quran
Uloom-ul -Quran
Study of Selected Text of Holly Quran
Verses of Surah Al-Baqra Related to Faith(Verse No-284-286)
Verses of Surah Al-Hujrat Related to Adab Al-Nabi(Verse No-1-18)
Verses of Surah Al-Mumanoon Related to Characteristics of faithful (Verse No-1-11)
Verses of Surah al-Furqan Related to Social Ethics (Verse No.63-77)
Verses of Surah Al-Inam Related to Ihkam(Verse No-152-154)
Study of Selected Text of Holly Quran
Verses of Surah Al-Ihzab Related to Adab al-Nabi (Verse No.6,21,40,56,57,58.)
Verses of Surah Al-Hashar (18,19,20) Related to thinking, Day of Judgment
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Verses of Surah Al-Saf Related to Tafakar,Tadabar (Verse No-1,14)
Seerat of Holy Prophet (S.A.W) I
Life of Muhammad Bin Abdullah ( Before Prophet Hood)
Life of Holy Prophet (S.A.W) in Makkah
Important Lessons Derived from the life of Holy Prophet in Makkah
Seerat of Holy Prophet (S.A.W) II
Life of Holy Prophet (S.A.W) in Madina
Important Events of Life Holy Prophet in Madina
Important Lessons Derived from the life of Holy Prophet in Madina
Introduction ToSunnah
Basic Concepts of Hadith
History of Hadith
Kinds of Hadith
Uloom –ul-Hadith
Sunnah& Hadith
Legal Position of Sunnah
Introduction To Islamic Law & Jurisprudence
Basic Concepts of Islamic Law & Jurisprudence
History & Importance of Islamic Law & Jurisprudence
Sources of Islamic Law & Jurisprudence
Nature of Differences in Islamic Law
Islam and Sectarianism
Islamic Culture & Civilization
Basic Concepts of Islamic Culture & Civilization
Historical Development of Islamic Culture & Civilization
Characteristics of Islamic Culture & Civilization
Islamic Culture & Civilization and Contemporary Issues
Islam & Science
Basic Concepts of Islam & Science
Contributions of Muslims in the Development of Science
Quranic& Science
Islamic Economic System
Basic Concepts of Islamic Economic System
Means of Distribution of wealth in Islamic Economics
Islamic Concept of Riba
Islamic Ways of Trade & Commerce
Political System of Islam
Basic Concepts of Islamic Political System
Islamic Concept of Sovereignty
Basic Institutions of Govt. in Islam
Islamic History
Period of Khlaft-E-Rashida
Period of Ummayyads
Period of Abbasids
Social System of Islam
Basic Concepts of Social System of Islam
Elements of Family
Ethical Values of Islam
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COURSE RECOMMANDED BOOKS: 1. Bhatia, H.S. (1989). Studies in Islamic Law, Religion and Society. New Delhi: Deep &
Deep Publications.
2. Hasan, Ahmad. (1993) .Principles of Islamic Jurisprudence. Islamabad: Islamic Research
Institute, IIU.
3. Waliullah, Mir. (1982). Muslim Jrisprudence and the Quranic Law of Crimes. Lahore:
Islamic Book Service.
4. Zia-ul-Haq, Muhammad. (2001). Introduction to Al Sharia Al Islamia. Islamabad: Allama
Iqbal Open University.
SOC-313 CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION AND COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT
Credit Hours: Three (3)
Course Objectives: The overall objectives of this course are to:
Teach students the importance and role of active citizenship in promoting a productive,
harmonious and developed society/world
Educate students about the importance of concepts, skills and philosophy of community
linkages in developing a sustainable society
Inculcate the importance of community involvement for ensuring an improved, tolerant
and generative society/world
Provide an opportunity to the students to develop their relationship with the community
Learning Outcomes: The primary outcome is inclusive development through active citizenship locally and globally,.
Moreover, the following are the detailed outcomes of the course based on the three domains of
Bloom’s Taxonomy i.e Affective, Psychomotor and Cognitive. The students will be able to:
Understand the overall organization of the society
Recognize and exercise their rights, responsibilities and the significance of active
citizenship in positive societal development
Identify and critically evaluate social issues and implement practicable community based
solutions
Understand the concept of human rights and its significance
Appreciate diverse viewpoints and inter-cultural harmony
Course Outline:
Introduction to Citizenship Education and Community Engagement
Meaning & History
Attributes of Active Citizenship
Different Approach
i. Republican Approach
ii. Liberal Approach
iii. Cosmopolitan Approach
Dimensions of Active Citizenship
i. Rights
ii. Membership
iii. Participation
iv. Identity
Identity, Culture, and Social Harmony
Sociological Theories of Self Formation
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i. Sigmund Freud Theory
ii. George Herbert Mead Theory
iii. Charles Horton Cooley Theory
Cultural & Religious Harmony
Pluralism & Diversity
Democracy & Democratic Norms
Concept and Development of Identity
Components of Cultural and Social Harmony
Inter-Cultural Dialogue (me versus you)
Principles & Purpose
Ability to Support, learn and share through dialogue
Policy Dialogue (encourage young people to share their opinion and perspective with
policy makers and opinion makers.
Local & Global Communities
Concept of Community
Needs, Issues & Conflicts
Conflict Resolution
Communication & Networking
Social Cohesion
Social Capital
Social Networking
Advocacy
Social Entrepreneurship & Partnership
Social Action Planning
Skills in Project Planning & Management
Project Cycle
Stakeholder Analysis
Problem Identification
Writing Project Plan
Monitoring & Evaluation
Risk Analysis
Population Dynamics in Pakistan
Population Growth Pakistan
Factors Behind High Fertility Rate
i. Legislative Actions
ii. Dearth of Medical Facilities
iii. Delayed VS Early Age Marriages
iv. Poverty
v. Women Empowerment
vi. Spreading Awareness
vii. Providing Incentives
Population Theory
How to Control Population Growth
Text and Reference Books:
Core Readings:
Larsen, A. K., Sewpaul, V., & Hole, G. O. (Eds.). (2013). Participation in community
work: International perspectives. Routledge.
Alan, T. (2008). Community work, London: Palgrave Macmillan.
British Council, (2017) Active Citizen’s Social Action Projects Guide (Scotland: British
Council.
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Kaye, C. B. (2004). The complete guide to service learning: Proven, practical ways to
engage students in civic responsibility, academic curriculum, & social action. Free Spirit
Publishing.
Hans, R. (1993). Population Studies, Indian Council of Social Science Research, New
Delhi.
Demeny, P., McNicoll, G., & Hodgson, D. (2003). Encyclopedia of population. Hodgson,
Dennis (2003). Contemporary Population Thought.
Peterson, W. (1975). Population, New York, Macmillan.
Srinivasan, K. (1998). Basic demographic techniques and applications. SAGE
Publications Pvt. Limited.
Todaro, M. P. (1977). Economic Development in the Third World: An introduction to
problems and policies in a global perspective. Pearson Education.
United Nations Economic Commission for Europe – Official Web site
UNO (2000). Population Trends, World Population Monitoring, Population growth
Structure and Distribution 1999. Department of Economics and Social Affairs,
Population Division, UNO.
Weeks, J. R. (1992). Population: An Introduction to Concepts and Issues, Belmart California,
Wadsworth Publishing Company
PHY-321 MECHANICS-II
Credit Hours: Three (3)
Objectives: The main objective of this course is to understand the concept of rotational
dynamics and their various properties, and to give basic understanding of
laws of angular momentum and gravitation and gravitational is daily life.
This also give mathematical concept and expression of various physical
parameters used in mechanics.
Rotational Motion: Rotation about a Fixed Axis, Angular Position, Angular Displacement,
Angular Velocity and Angular Acceleration, Rotation under Constant Angular Acceleration,
relationship between Linear and Angular Variables, Rotational Inertia, Parallel-axis Theorem,
Torque and Newton’s Law for Rotation, Work and Rotational Kinetic Energy, Power, Rolling
Motion, Angular Momentum for a single Particle and a System of Particles, Conservation of
Angular Momentum, Precession of a Gyroscope, Static Equilibrium involving Forces and
Torques, Determination of moment of inertia of various shapes i.e. for disc, bar and solid sphere
Angular Momentum: Angular Velocity, Conservation of angular momentum, effects of Torque
and its relation with angular momentum
Gravitation: Gravitational effect of a spherical mass distribution, its mathematical treatment,
Gravitational potential energy (develop using integration techniques), Newton’s Law of
Gravitation, Gravitational Potential Energy, Escape Velocity, Kepler’s Laws, Satellite Orbits &
Energy
Bulk Properties of Matters: Elastic properties of Matter, Physical basis of elasticity, Tension,
Compression and shearing. Elastic Modulus, Elastic limit. Poisson’s ratio, Relation between
three type of elasticity, Surface Tension, Viscosity, Physical basis, obtaining the Coefficient of
viscosity, practical examples of viscosity, fluid flow through cylindrical pipe (Poiseulle’s law)
Recommended Books: 1. D. Halliday, R. Resnick and J. Walker, “Fundamentals of Physics”, John Wiley & Sons,
9th
ed. 2010.
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2. R. A. Serway and J. W. Jewett, “Physics for Scientists and Engineers”, Golden Sunburst
Series, 8th
ed. 2010.
3. R. A. Freedman, H. D. Young, and A. L. Ford (Sears and Zeemansky), “University
Physics with Modern Physics”, Addison-Wesley-Longman, 13th
International ed. 2010.
4. F. J Keller, W. E. Gettys and M. J. Skove, “Physics: Classical and Modern, McGraw
Hill. 2nd
ed. 1992.
5. D. C. Giancoli, “Physics for Scientists and Engineers, with Modern Physics”, Addison-
Wesley, 4th
ed. 2008.
PHY-322 ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM-II
Pre-requisite: Mechanics, Calculus I
Co-requisite: Calculus II
Credit Hours: Three (3)
Objectives: The main objective of this course is to understand the inductance, and to
give the concept of alternating current circuits. To understand the use of
Gauss’s Law, Faraday Law, Ampere Law and their application. This is
also a calculus-based introductory course with maximum emphasis on
applying the acquired knowledge to solving problems.
Inductance: Faraday’s Law of Induction, Review of emf, and Lenz’s Law, induced electric
fields, Calculation and application using differential and integral form, Inductance. “Basic
definition”. Inductance of Solenoid and Toroid. Energy Stored in a Magnetic Field, Energy
Density. Induction and Energy Transfers, Inductors and Inductances, Self-Inductance, RL
Circuits, Mutual Induction. Electromagnetic Oscillation, Qualitative discussion. Quantitative
analysis using differential equations. Forced electromagnetic oscillations and resonance
Alternating Current Circuits: Alternating current, AC current in resistive, inductive and
capacitive elements. Single loop RLC circuit, Series and parallel circuits i.e. acceptor and
rejector, LC Oscillations, Damped Oscillations in an RLC circuit, Alternating Currents, Forced
Oscillations, Power in AC Circuits, Phase angles, RMS values, power factor
Electro-Magnetic Waves (Maxwell’s Equations): Summarizing the electromagnetic equations,
(Gauss’s Law for electromagnetism, Faraday Law, Ampere’s Law). Induced magnetic fields &
displacement current. Development of concepts, applications. Maxwell’s equations, (Integral &
Differential forms), Discussion and implications. Generating an electromagnetic wave. Traveling
waves and Maxwell’s equations. Analytical treatment: obtaining differential form of Maxwell’s
equations, obtaining the velocity of light from Maxwell equations. Energy transport and
Poynting Vector. Analytical treatment and discussion of physical concepts.
Recommended Text Books:
1. D. Halliday, R. Resnick and J. Walker, “Fundamentals of Physics”, John Wiley & Sons,
9th
ed. 2010.
2. R. A. Serway and J. W. Jewett, “Physics for Scientists and Engineers”, Golden Sunburst
Series, 8th
ed. 2010.
3. R. A. Freedman, H. D. Young, and A. L. Ford (Sears and Zeemansky), “University
Physics with Modern Physics”, Addison-Wesley-Longman, 13th
International ed. 2010.
4. F. J Keller, W. E. Gettys and M. J. Skove, “Physics: Classical and Modern, McGraw Hill.
2nd
ed. 1992.
5. D. C. Giancoli, “Physics for Scientists and Engineers, with Modern Physics”, Addison-
Wesley, 4th
ed. 2008.
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Semester 3rd
ELL-411 ENGLISH III: ACADEMIC READING & WRITING Credit Hours: Three (3)
Course Description
This course aims at inculcating proficiency in academic writing through research. It guides
students to develop a well-argued and well documented academic paper with a clear thesis
statement, critical thinking, argumentation and synthesis of information. This course also teaches
students how to use different systems of citations and bibliography. It allows students to become
independent and efficient readers armed with appropriate skills and strategies for reading and
Comprehending texts at undergraduate level.
Course Objectives
To enable the students to:
1. Improve literal understanding, interpretation & general assimilation, and integration of
knowledge
2. Write well organized academic texts including examination answers with topic/thesis
statement and supporting details.
3. Write argumentative essays and course assignments
Course Contents:
Reading and Critical Thinking
• Read academic texts effectively by
• Using appropriate strategies for extracting information and salient points according to a
given purpose
• Identifying the main points supporting details, conclusions in a text of intermediate level
• Identifying the writer’s intent such as cause and effect, reasons, comparison and contrast,
and exemplification
• Interpreting charts and diagrams
• Making appropriate notes using strategies such as mind maps, tables, lists, graphs.
• Reading and carrying out instructions for tasks, assignments and examination questions
• Enhance academic vocabulary using skills learnt in Compulsory English I course
• Acquire efficient dictionary skills such as locating guide words, entry words, choosing
appropriate definition, and identifying pronunciation through pronunciation key,
identifying part of speech, identifying syllable division and stress patterns
• Writing Academic Texts
Organization and development of effective compositions • employ appropriate strategies for prewriting, drafting, revising, and editing as part of the
writing process
Course
code Course title
Course type Credit
hours
ELL-411 English III: Academic Reading and Writing Gen Ed 03
NS-II * Gen Ed 03
PHIL-302 QR-II (Logic and Quantitative Reasoning) Gen Ed 03
PHY-411 Waves and Oscillation Subject-Specific 03(2+1)
PHY-412 Heat and thermodynamics Subject-Specific 03
MATH-404 Discrete Structures Subject-Specific 03
Total Credit Hours 18
16
• compose coherent paragraphs, supporting central ideas with specific details
• Compose organized essays with genre-specific structure including thesis, introduction,
body, and conclusion.
• demonstrate control of key conventions of standard written English
• summarize a text objectively
• respond to a text subjectively
• analyze, synthesize, interpret, and evaluate information from multiple texts
• apply active reading strategies such as skimming, scanning, questioning, and annotating
• develop vocabulary; choose correctly among different forms of related words; evaluate
differences in diction
Recommended Books:
• English Practice Grammar (New edition with tests and answers) by Eastwood, J. 2004.
Karachi: Oxford University Press.
• Fisher, A. 2001. Critical Thinking. C UP
• Critical Reading and Writing: An Introductory Course. By Goatly, A. 2000. London:
Taylor & Francis
• A Writer's Reference. 2nd Ed. By Hacker, D. 1992. Boston: St.
Martin's
• Study writing: A course in written English for academic and professional purposes. By
Hamp-Lyons, L. & Heasley, B. 1987. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Oxford English for Undergraduates. By Howe, D. H, Kirkpatrick, T. A., & Kirkpatrick, D.
L. 2004. Karachi: Oxford University Press.
• Grammar in Use. By Murphy, R. 2003. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Write to be Read: Reading, Reflection and Writing. By Smazler, W. R. 1996. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
• Study Skills. By Wallace, M. 1992. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
PHIL-302 LOGIC AND QUANTITATIVE REASONING
Credit Hours: Three (3)
Course contents:
Basic Logical Concepts:
Definition of Logic.
Logic as a Science and Art
The scope of Logic
Propositions, Arguments
Conclusion-indicators and Premise-indicators
The Laws of Thought
Characteristics of Induction and Deduction
The Uses of Language:
The basic uses of language
Discourse serving multiple functions
The forms of discourse
Kinds of agreement and disagreement
Fallacies:
The classification of Fallacies
Fallacy of Relevance
Fallacy of Ambiguity
Categorical Propositions:
The theory of Deduction
Classes and Categorical Propositions
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The four kinds of Categorical Proposition
Quality, Quantity and Distribution
The traditional square of opposition
Obversion, Contraposition
Symbolism and Diagrams of Categorical Proposition
Categorical Syllogism:
Standard form of Categorical Syllogism
The formal nature of Syllogistic arguments
Venn diagram technique for testing Syllogism
Syllogistic Rules and Fallacies
Exposition of the 15 Valid forms of Categorical Syllogism
Syllogism in ordinary Language:
Syllogistic Arguments
Dilemma
Disjunctive and Hypothetical Syllogism
Symbolic Logic:
Modern Logic and Symbolic Language
The symbols for Conjunction, Negation, and Disjunction
The precise meaning of Valid and Invalid
Testing arguments on Truth Table
Science and Hypothesis:
Hypothesis
Scientific explanation and Unscientific explanation
COURSE RECOMMENDED BOOKS:
1. Stewart, David and Blocker, Gene. H. (2006). Fundamentals of Philosophy. New
Delhi: Pearson Education.
2. Copi, Iring. M. And Cohen, Carl. (2009). Introduction to Logic. New Delhi: Pearson
Education.
3. Copi, Iring. M. , Cohen, Carl., Jetli, Priyadarshi. and Prabhakar, Monica.
(2009).Introduction to Logic. New Delhi: Dorling Kindersley Pvt, Ltd.
PHY-411 WAVES AND OSCILLATIONS
Pre-requisites: Mechanics, Calculus II
Credit Hours: Three (3)
Objective(s): To develop a unified mathematical theory of oscillations and waves in
physical systems
Simple and Damped Simple Harmonic Oscillation: Mass-Spring System, Simple Harmonic
Oscillator Equation, Complex Number Notation, LC Circuit, Simple Pendulum, Quality Factor,
LCR Circuit
Forced Damped Harmonic Oscillation: Steady-State Behavior, Driven LCR Circuit, Transient
Oscillator Response, Resonance
Coupled Oscillations: Two Spring-Coupled Masses, Two Coupled LC Circuits, Three Spring
Coupled Masses, Normal Modes, Atomic and Lattice Vibrations
Transverse Waves: Transverse Standing Waves, Normal Modes, General Time Evolution of a
Uniform String, Phase velocity, Group Velocity
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Longitudinal Waves: Spring Coupled Masses, Sound Waves in an Elastic Solid, Sound Waves
in an Ideal Gas
Traveling Waves: Standing Waves in a Finite Continuous Medium, Traveling Waves in an
Infinite Continuous Medium, Energy Conservation, Transmission Lines, Reflection and
Transmission at Boundaries, Electromagnetic Waves
Wave Pulses: Fourier Series and Fourier Transforms, Bandwidth, Heisenberg’s Uncertainty
Principle
Multi-Dimensional Waves: Plane Waves, Three-Dimensional Wave Equation, Laws of
Geometric Optics, Waveguides, Cylindrical Waves
Interference and Diffraction of Waves: Double-Slit Interference, Single-Slit Diffraction
Recommended Books:
1. J. Pain, “The Physics of Vibrations and Waves”, John Wiley, 6th
ed. 2005.
2. P. French, “Vibrations and Waves”, CBS Publishers (2003).
3. F. S. Crawford, Jr., “Waves and Oscillations”, Berkeley Physics Course, Vol. 3,
McGraw-Hill, 1968.
4. A. Hirose, and K .E. Lonngren, “Introduction to Wave Phenomena”, Krieger
Publications, 2003.
PHY-412 HEAT AND THERMODYNAMICS
Pre-requisites: Mechanics
Co-requisites:Calculus-II
Credit Hours: Three (3)
Objective(s): To understand the fundamentals of heat and thermodynamics
Basic Concepts and Definitions in Thermodynamics: Thermodynamic system, Surrounding
and Boundaries. Type of systems. Macroscopic and microscopic description of system.
Properties and state of the substance: Extensive and Intensive properties, Equilibrium,
Mechanical and Thermal Equilibrium. Processes and Cycles: Isothermal, Isobaric and Isochoric.
Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics, Consequence of Zeroth law of Thermodynamics. The state of
the system at Equilibrium.
Heat and Temperature: Temperature, Kinetic theory of ideal gas, Work done on an ideal gas,
Review of previous conc103epts. Internal energy of an ideal gas: Equipartition of Energy,
Intermolecular forces, Qualitative discussion, The Virial expansion, The Van der Waals equation
of state.
Thermodynamics: First law of thermodynamics and its applications to adiabatic, isothermal,
cyclic and free expansion. Reversible and irreversible processes. Second law of thermodynamics,
Carnot theorem and Carnot engine. Heat engine, Refrigerators. Calculation of efficiency of heat
engines. Thermodynamic temperature scale: Absolute zero, Entropy, Entropy in reversible
process, Entropy in irreversible process. Entropy and Second law of thermodynamics, Entropy
and Probability. Thermodynamic Functions: Thermodynamic functions (Internal energy,
Enthalpy, Gibb’s functions, Entropy, Helmholtz functions), Maxwell’s relations, TdS equations,
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Energy equations and their applications. Low Temperature Physics, Joule-Thomson effect and its
equations. Thermoelectricity: Thermocouple, Seabeck’s effect, Peltier’s effect, Thomson effect.
Introduction to Statistical Mechanics: Statistical distribution and mean values, Mean free path
and microscopic calculations of mean free path. Distribution of Molecular Speeds, Distribution
of Energies, Maxwell distribution, Maxwell Boltzmann energy distribution, Internal energy of an
ideal gas, Brownian Motion Legvaian equation, Qualitative description.
Recommended Books:
1. D. Halliday, R. Resnick and K. Krane, “Physics”, John Wiley, 5th
ed. 2002.
2. D. Halliday, R. Resnick and J. Walker, “Fundamentals of Physics”, John Wiley, 9th
ed.
2010.
3. M. W. Zemansky, “Heat and Thermodynamics”, Mc Graw Hill, 7th
ed. 1997.
4. M. Sprackling, “Thermal Physics” McMillan 1991.
5. B. N. Roy, “Principle of Modern Thermodynamics”, Institute of Physics, London 1995.
MATH-404 DISCRETE STRUCTURES
Credit Hours: Three (3)
Objectives: Introduces the foundations of discrete mathematics as they apply to Computer
Science, focusing on providing a solid theoretical foundation for further work. Further, this
course aims to develop understanding and appreciation of the finite nature inherent in most
Computer Science problems and structures through study of combinatorial reasoning, abstract
algebra, iterative procedures, predicate calculus, tree and graph structures. In this course more
emphasis shall be given to statistical and probabilistic formulation with respect to computing
aspects.
Course Outline: Introduction to logic and proofs: Direct proofs; proof by contradiction, Sets,
Combinatorics, Sequences, Formal logic, Prepositional and predicate calculus, Methods of Proof,
Mathematical Induction and Recursion, loop invariants, Relations and functions, Pigeonwhole
principle, Trees and Graphs, Elementary number theory, Optimization and matching.
Fundamental structures: Functions; relations (more specifically recursions); pigeonhole
principle; cardinality and countability, probabilistic methods.
Reference Material:
1. Kenneth H. Rosen, Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications, 6TH edition, 2006,
Mcgraw Hill Book Co.
2. Richard Johnsonbaugh, Discrete Mathematics, 7TH edition, 2008, Prentice Hall
Publishers.
3. Kolman, Busby & Ross, Discrete Mathematical Structures, 4th edition, 2000, Prentice-
Hall Publishers.
4. Ralph P. Grimaldi, Discrete and Combinatorial Mathematics: An Applied Introduction,
Addison-Wesley Pub. Co., 1985.
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Semester 4th
Course Code Course Title Course Type Credit Hours
Arts and Humanities-II Gen Ed 03
Social Sciences - II Gen Ed 03
PHY-421 Modern Physics Subject-Specific 03(2+1)
PHY-422 Optics Subject-Specific 03
PHY-423 Cosmology/Relativity Subject-Specific 03
Internship PLL Non-Credit Hour
Entrepreneurship/Youth Club/ Sports PLL Non-Credit Hour
Total Credit Hours 15
PHY-421 MODERN PHYSICS
Pre-requisites: Mechanics, Electricity and Magnetism
Credit Hours: Three (3)
Objective(s): To understand the non-classical aspects of Physics, the emphasis is on the
applications of Quantum Physics in microscopic-scale Physics, atomic and molecular structure
and processes.
Relativity
Special Relativity, Time Dilation, Doppler Effect, Length Contraction, Twin Paradox, Electricity
and Magnetism, Relativistic Momentum, Mass and Energy, Energy and Momentum, General
Relativity,
Particle Properties of Waves
Electromagnetic Waves, Blackbody Radiation, Photoelectric Effect, What Is Light? X-Rays X-
Ray Diffraction, Compton Effect, Pair Production, Photons and Gravity
Wave Properties of Particles
De Broglie Waves, Waves of What?, Describing a Wave, Phase and Group Velocities, Particle
Diffraction, Particle in a Box, Uncertainty Principle, Applying the Uncertainty Principle,
Atomic Structure
The Nuclear Atom, Electron Orbits, Atomic Spectra, The Bohr Atom, Energy Levels and
Spectra, Correspondence Principle, Nuclear Motion, Atomic Excitation, The Laser
Quantum Mechanics
Quantum Mechanics, The Wave Equation, Schrödinger’s Equation, Linearity and Superposition,
Expectation Values, Operators, Particle in a Box, Finite Potential Well, Tunnel Effect, Harmonic
Oscillator
Quantum Theory of the Hydrogen Atom
Schrödinger’s Equation for the Hydrogen Atom, Separation of Variables, Quantum Numbers,
Principal Quantum Number, Orbital Quantum Number, Magnetic Quantum Number, Electron
Probability Density, Radiative Transitions, Selection Rules, Zeeman Effect
Many-Electron Atoms
Electron Spin, Exclusion Principle, Symmetric and Antisymmetric Wave Functions, Periodic
Table, Atomic Structures, Explaining the Periodic Table, Spin-Orbit Coupling, Total Angular
Momentum, X-Ray Spectra
Molecules
The Molecular Bond, Electron Sharing, The H2 Molecular Ion, The Hydrogen Molecule,
Complex Molecules, Rotational Energy Levels, Vibrational Energy Levels, Electronic Spectra of
Molecules
Statistical Mechanics
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Statistical Distributions, Maxwell-Boltzmann Statistics, Molecular Energies in an Ideal Gas,
Quantum Statistics, Rayleigh-Jeans Formula, Planck Radiation Law, Einstein’s Approach,
specific Heats of Solids, Free Electrons in a Metal, Electron-Energy Distribution, Dying Stars
The Solid State
Crystalline and Amorphous Solids, Ionic Crystals, Covalent Crystals, Van der Waals Bond,
Metallic Bond, Band Theory of Solids, Semiconductor Devices, Energy Bands: Alternative
Analysis, Superconductivity Bound Electron Pairs
Recommended Book:Concept of Modern Physics (Latest edition) by Beiser
PHY-422 OPTICS
Pre-Requisites: Waves and Oscillations
Credit Hours: Three (3)
Objective(s): To understand the optical phenomena and their uses in physical systems
Propagation of Light & Image Formation: Huygens’ Principle, Fermat’s Principle, Laws of
Reflection and Refraction, Refraction at a Spherical Surface, Thin Lenses, Newtonian Equation
for a Thin Lens.
Matrix Methods in Paraxial Optics: Ray Transfer Matrices, Thick Lens, Significance of
System Matrix Elements, Cardinal Points of an Optical System with examples, Optical
Instruments including Simple Magnifiers, Telescopes and Microscopes, Chromatic and
Monochromatic Aberrations, Spherical Aberrations, Coma, Distortion, Stops, Pupils, Windows
Superposition & Interference: Standing Waves, Beats, Phase and Group Velocities, Two-
Beam and Multiple-Beam Interference, Thin Dielectric Films, Michelson and Fabry-Perot
Interferometers, Resolving Power, Free-Spectral Range
Polarization: Jones Matrices, Production of Polarized Light, Dichroism, Brewster’s Law,
Birefringence, Double Refraction
Fraunhofer Diffraction: from a Single Slit, Rectangular and Circular Apertures, Double Slit,
Many Slits, Diffraction Grating, Dispersion, Resolving Power Blazed Gratings
Fresnel Diffraction: Zone Plates, Rectangular Apertures, Cornu’s Spiral
Coherence & Holography: Temporal Coherence, Spatial Coherence, Holography of a Point
object and an Extended Object
Laser Basics: Stimulated Emission, Population Inversion, Resonators, Threshold and Gain,
Multilayered Dielectric Films.
Recommended Books: 1. F. Pedrotti, L. S. Pedrotti and L. M. Pedrotti, “Introduction to Optics”, Pearson Prentice
Hall, 3rd
ed. 2007.
2. E. Hecht and A. Ganesan, “Optics”, Dorling Kindersley, 4th
ed. 2008.
3. M. V. Klein and T. E. Furtak, “Optics”, John Wiley, 2nd
ed. 1986.
4. K. K Sharam, “Optics: Principles and Applications”, Academic Press, 2006.
5. C. A. Bennett, “Principles of Physical Optics”, John Wiley, 2008.
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PHY-423 Cosmology and General Theory of Relativity
Pre-Requisites: Modern Physics
Credit Hours: Three (3)
Objective(s): This course is an introduction to Einstein’s theory of general relativity, and
includes applications to early universe cosmology
Cosmology: Fundamental of Particles-A history, the Electron and Proton, The Photon, The
Neutron, The Positron. Particle as Force mediators, Mesons. Particle Accelerators and Detectors,
Linear Accelerators, The Cyclotron, The Synchrotron, Available Energy, Colliding Beams.
Detectors, Cosmic Rays experiment. Four Forces and Their Mediating Particles, Quarks and
Gluons, the Three Original Quarks, The Standard Model and Beyond. Grand Unified Theories.
The Expanding Universe, The Big Bang Theory. The Beginning of Time. Matter and Antimatter
General Relativity:Principles of special relativity and relativistic mechanics: the addition of
velocities and Michelson-Morley experiment, Einstein’s resolution and its consequences, space-
time, time dilation and twin paradox, Lorentz boosts, four vectors, special relativistic kinematics
and dynamics, variational principle for free particle motion, light rays, observers and
observations. The curved space time of general relativity: testing of equality of gravitational and
inertial mass, equivalence principle. Black holes. Tensor algebra and tensor analysis.
Recommended books:
1. Gravity: an Introduction to Einstein’s General Relativity, J. B. Hartle (Addison-Wesley
2003).
2. Space-Time and Geometry: An Introduction to General Relativity, Sean Caroll (Addison-
Wesley 2004).
3. University Physics with Modern Phy., Hugh D. Young, R. A. Freedman and A. Lewis
Force
Arts and Humanities
I. Pashto, Urdu, Arabic, Turkish, Chinese or any other language
II. Islamic History and Culture, Philosophy, History, Education, Home Economics or any other
approved course of BKUC
Social science II
Political Science, Sociology, Psychology, Economics, Law , or any other approved Basic course
of BKUC