Bab14 bintangmaret2011
-
Upload
bazar-tampubolon -
Category
Education
-
view
244 -
download
1
Transcript of Bab14 bintangmaret2011
![Page 1: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
BAB 14 BINTANG
Ide Dasar:Matahari dan bintang-bintang menggunakan
reaksi nuklir fusi untuk mengubah materi menjadi energi. Bintang padam ketika bahan
bakar nuklirnya habis.
Dr.rer.nat. M. Ikbal ArifyantoEmail : [email protected] Astronomi, FMIPA-ITB
![Page 2: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
![Page 3: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Garis Besar Bab 14
Bola langit Arkeo-Astronomi, astronomi sebagai
ilmu tertua Radiasi gelombang Elektromagnetik Keragaman Bintang Evolusi Bintang
![Page 4: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 7: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Alcor and Mizar
![Page 8: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 11: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Bola Langit
Ekuator langit
Kutub utara langit
Zenith = Titik pada bola langit yang berada diatas kepala kita
Nadir = Titik pada bola langit yang berada dibawah kita (tak terlihat)
![Page 12: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Bola Langit
![Page 13: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Arkeo-astronomiAstronomi sebagai ilmu tertua
![Page 16: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Kalender langit Hari
○ Waktu yang diperlukan untuk satu kali putaran rotasi Bumi
Tahun○ Waktu yang diperlukan oleh Bumi untuk
mengorbit Matahari Bulan
○ Waktu yang diperlukan oleh Bulan untuk mengorbit Bumi
Minggu
![Page 17: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
hari dalam seminggu
Objek Tata Surya yang dapat dilihat dengan mata telanjang Matahari (Sun)Bulan (Moon)Mars MercuryJupiterVenusSaturn
Sun-day Moon-day Tuesday Wednesday Thors-day Friday Saturn-day
![Page 18: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Musim
Sumbu rotasi Bumi memilki sudut inklinasi sebesar 23.5° terhadap bidang orbit Bumi, hal inilah yang menyebabkan perbedaan musim
![Page 20: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Musim
Light from the sun
Steep incidence → Summer
Shallow incidence → Winter
Musim dipengaruhi oleh perbedaan sudut datang cahaya Matahari ke permukaan Bumi.
![Page 21: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Mengamati Waktu dan Musim Sundial (Egyptian obelisk) Arah Bulan sabit dapat memprediksi waktu musim hujan
(Nigeria)
![Page 22: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Special Seasonal Alignments
Stonehenge (England -- and others) had many alignments for solstices, equinoxes and bright stars
Sun Dagger (New Mexico) shows noon on summer solstice; other effects in winter & equinoxes
![Page 23: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Mesopotamian Astronomy
MESOPOTAMIANS built observatories starting ~6000 years ago:
the ziggurats had seven levels, one for each wandering object in the sky:
Sun, Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn Thus 7 days to the week They tracked stars --- groups rising before sun at
different times of year implied seasonal beginnings for planting and harvesting (zodiac).
Divided circles in 360 degrees, each degree into 60 minutes and each minute into 60 seconds -- we still use!
Left written records in cuneform so we understand them better
![Page 24: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Mesopotamian Astronomy and Influence
By 2000 BC Ur and other Sumerian and Babylonia cities had large temples, or ziggurats, usually aligned N-S, like most Egyptian pyramids
Egyptian and Mesopotamian knowledge spread to Europe, Asia and Africa
![Page 25: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Other Ancient Accomplishments
Mesopotamians could predict planetary positions -- synodic periods, e.g., Mars returns to same location roughly every 780 days:
22 synodic periods = 47 years, so records of old planetary positions could give good
locations. Knew about the SAROS cycle 2700 years ago: lunar
eclipses definitely occurred every 18.6 years. Chinese, Indians and Mayans also knew these
patterns Egyptians used astronomical events to forecast Nile
floods and harvest times.
![Page 26: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Giza, Last Wonder of the Ancient World
![Page 27: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Langit diatas Piramida Giza 2500 tahun yang lalu
![Page 28: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Sabuk Orion dan Pyramids
![Page 29: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Temple of Abu Simbel
![Page 30: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
© 2005 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Addison-Wesley
Mexico: model of the Aztec’s Templo Mayor
![Page 32: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
© 2005 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Addison-Wesley
Yucatan, Mexico: Mayan Observatory at Chichen Itza
![Page 33: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
© 2005 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Addison-Wesley
South Pacific: Polynesians were very skilled in art of celestial navigation
![Page 34: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
© 2005 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Addison-Wesley
China: Earliest known records of supernova explosions (1400 B.C.)
Bone or tortoise shell inscription from the 14th century BC.
"On the Xinwei day the new star dwindled."
"On the Jisi day, the 7th day of the month, a big new star appeared in the company of the Ho star."
![Page 35: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Radiasi Gelombang Elektromagnetik
Radiasi Elektromagnetik
Setiap hari kita hidup dengan dihujani oleh cahaya. Cahaya tersebut merupakan sebagian kecil radiasi elektromagnetik yang dipancarkan oleh bintang. Sebuah bintang memancarkan energinya pada seluruh panjang gelombang. Karena letak bintang yang amat sangat jauh tak terjangkau, maka astronom hanya bermodalkan hujan radiasi elektromagnetik tersebut untuk menguak misteri langit.
![Page 36: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Cahaya tampak berada pada rentang panjang gelombang 400 sampai 700 nm (1 nm = 10-9 m)
![Page 37: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Radiasi Elektromagnetik
![Page 38: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Teleskop OptikAstronomers use
telescopes to gather more light from
astronomical objects.
The larger the telescope, the more
light it gathers.
![Page 39: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Teleskop Pembias dan Pemantul
Teleskop Pembias : Lensa
memfokuskan cahaya yang
dibiaskan
Teleskop Pemantul : Cermin lengkung
memfokuskan cahaya yang
dipantulkannya
Hampir semua teleskop modern adalah teleskop pemantul.
Focal length
Focal length
![Page 40: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Teleskop Pembias
Yerkes telescope, diameter lensa 102 cm di Wisconsin, USA
![Page 41: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Teleskop Pemantul
![Page 42: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Pengamatan astronomi modern
Teleskop
Teleskop ruang angkasaTeleskop di permukaan bumi
![Page 43: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Teleskop di permukaan bumiUkuran kecil: d = 50 cm – 1.5 m
European Southern Observatory La Silla
Ruangan kontrol
RITZ
![Page 44: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Teleskop di permukaan bumi
Calar Alto Observatory 3.5 m, Spain
Berukuran sedang: d = 2 – 4 m
![Page 45: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Teleskop di permukaaan bumi
Large Binocular Telescope 8.4 m, Texas Arizona
Ukuran besar: d = 8 – 11 m
![Page 46: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Teleskop di permukaan bumi
Very Large Telescope (Interferometer)European Southern Observatory Paranal
![Page 47: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
TMT
![Page 48: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
TMT
![Page 49: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
GMT
![Page 50: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
EELT = OWL
![Page 51: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Teleskop Radio
![Page 52: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
GBT
![Page 53: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
![Page 54: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
![Page 55: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Atmospheric transparency
![Page 56: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
![Page 57: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Hubble
![Page 58: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Space telescopes
Herschel (ESA)one of the biggest
Hubble Space Telescope
![Page 59: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
ConX
![Page 60: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Bintang
![Page 61: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Matahari
Matahari Adalah Bintang Terdekat Dari bumi Struktur
Pusat bintangZona ConvectionFotosferKromosfereKorona
![Page 62: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
The corona ejects mass into space to form the solar wind
![Page 63: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Activity in the corona includes coronal mass ejections and coronal holes
![Page 64: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Sunspots are low-temperature regions inthe photosphere
![Page 65: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
![Page 66: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
![Page 67: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Matahari
Interaksi Dengan Lingkungan SekitarAliran partikel bermuatan
Salah satu bukti interaksi Matahari dengan lingkungan sekitarnya dapat dilihat pada aktifitas partikel bermuatan yang dipancarkan Matahari terhadap magnetosfer bumi dalam bentuk aurora.
![Page 68: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Energi Matahari
Sumber Energi Matahari Semua berawal dari hidrogen
Reaksi Fusi 3 langkah pembakaran hidrogen
1) P + P D + e+ + neutrino + energi2) D + P 3He + foton + energi3) 3He + 3He 4He + 2protons + foton + energi
Perkiraan Lama Hidup 11 milyar tahun
![Page 69: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
![Page 70: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
![Page 71: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Keragaman Jenis Bintang
Perbedaan TampakWarnaKecerlangan
○ Jarak ○ Kecerlangan mutlak
Output energiLuminositas
○ Kecerlangan tampak
PerilakuMassa totalumur
![Page 72: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
M42
![Page 74: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
M13
![Page 75: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Nebula Orion dan horsehead Nebula
![Page 77: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Skala Jarak Dalam Astronomi
SatuanTahun cahaya : 9.5*10^15 m
Metode PengukuranTriangulasiBintang variabel Cepheid
Metode triangulasi menggunakan pengukuran perubahan sudut pandang bintang yang tampak dari dua waktu pengamatan yang berbeda untuk mendapatkan informasi jarak bintang dari kita. (kanan)
Annie Jump Cannon dan Henrietta Swan Leavitt memberikan kontribusi penting dalam pengamatan spektroskopi di Observatorium Harvard Collage. (kiri)
![Page 78: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Parallax
![Page 79: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Skala Jarak dalam Astronomi
![Page 80: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
Skala Jarak dalam Astronomi
![Page 81: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
Diagram Hertzsprung-Russel
Pengelompokan BintangBintang deret utamaRaksasa merahKatai putih
![Page 82: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
![Page 83: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
Evolusi Bintang
![Page 84: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
![Page 85: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
Kelahiran Bintang
Hipotesis NebulaLaplace
Ketika mulai runtuh, nebula mulai berotasi dan bentuknya memipih menjadi piringan. Tahapan dalam pembentukan tata surya meliputi (a) nebula yang berotasi perlahan (b) piringan dengan gumpalan masif di tengahnya (c) planet yang dalam proses kelahiran terlihat berupa gumpalan materi, dan (d) tata surya yang terbentuk.
![Page 86: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
![Page 87: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
Deret Utama Dan Kematian Bintang
Bintang Bermassa Lebih Kecil Dari MatahariKatai coklatBercahaya selama 100 milyar tahun
○ Tanpa perubahan ukuran, temperatur, dan output energi
![Page 88: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
Deret Utama Dan Kematian Bintang
Bintang bermassa sama dengan MatahariPembakaran hidrogen
berlangsung lebih cepat○ Bergeser dari deret utama
Pembakaran HeliumRaksasa merahKeruntuhan pusat dimulaiKatai putih
![Page 89: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
![Page 90: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
Deret Utama Dan Kematian Bintang
Bintang Bermassa Lebih Besar Dari Matahari Keruntuhan dan pembakaran
beruntunPusat besiKeruntuhan katastropik
○ Supernova○ Bintang Neutron○ Lubang Hitam
![Page 91: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
![Page 92: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
Ukuran relatif bintang katai putih dan bintang neutron
Earth White Dwarf Neutron Star
![Page 93: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
![Page 94: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
![Page 95: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
![Page 96: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
![Page 97: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
![Page 98: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
![Page 100: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
Supernova 1987a
![Page 101: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
![Page 102: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
![Page 103: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/103.jpg)
![Page 104: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/104.jpg)
![Page 105: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/105.jpg)
![Page 106: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/106.jpg)
![Page 107: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/107.jpg)
![Page 108: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/108.jpg)
Bintang Neutron Dan Pulsar
Bintang NeutronBerkerapatan tinggi dan
berukuran kecilBerotasi sangat cepatHampir tak bercahaya
PulsarBintang neutron dengan
kondisi khususRadiasi elektromagnetik Tahap akhir supernova
![Page 109: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/109.jpg)
“Listen to the Pulsar”
![Page 110: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/110.jpg)
Lubang Hitam
Sisa keruntuhan bintang yang sangat besar “Penjara gravitasi” Tak bercahaya
Pengaruh keberadaannya terhadap bintang lainTerdeteksi pada sinar-X dan sinar gamma
![Page 111: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/111.jpg)
![Page 112: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/112.jpg)
![Page 113: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/113.jpg)
![Page 114: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/114.jpg)
![Page 115: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/115.jpg)
![Page 116: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/116.jpg)
![Page 117: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/117.jpg)
![Page 118: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/118.jpg)
Supermassive Black Hole in the Galactic Center
![Page 119: Bab14 bintangmaret2011](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062420/55b918e6bb61ebdf748b4584/html5/thumbnails/119.jpg)
Selesai