Bab 2-Perisian Komputer1
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Transcript of Bab 2-Perisian Komputer1
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BBP 10102:TOPIK 2TEKNOLOGI
MAKLUMAT DALAMPENDIDIKAN
DR AZITA BINTI ALI
FACULTY OF TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONALEDUCATION
UTHM
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Software Categories
Chapter 3: Software 2
Software is categorized in two main categories:
Application software
Designed to help people accomplish real-world tasks
System softwareDesigned for computer-centric tasks
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PERISIAN SISTEM
Program yang membantu komputer mengawal danmengurus operasi komputer dan perkakasannya
Menjadi perantara untuk pengguna, aturcaraaplikasi dan perkakasan berinteraksi
Dibangunkan dengan bahasa pengaturcaraan
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Sistem pengoperasian
Memantau dan mengawal semua aktivitipemprosesan di dalam komputer
Satu aturcara komputer yang paling kompleksdan amat penting pada komputer
Membolehkan komputer menjalankan lebih daristu tugas serentak.
Menyedikan kemudahan untuk penggunaberkomunikasi dengan komputer dan bertindak
sebagai landasan untuk menjalankan perisianaplikasi
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Contoh OS yang popular:
o Windowso Windows NT
o UNIX dan LINUX
o Mac OS x
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Fungsi Sistem
pengoperasian1. Menyediakan antara muka kepadapengguna untuk menggunakan komputer
Terdapat 2 jenis antaramuka:
-antaramuka baris-perintah
- antara muka grafik
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Antaramuka baris perintah
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Cth: c:\>copy c:\myfile a:\yourfile
Baris perintah mengarahkan komputer
untuk menyalin satu fail dari satu cakera
keras C ke cakera liut A.
Baris perintah ini juga menunjukkan
bahawa anda perlu memberitahu komputr
di mana untuk cari fail MYFILE dan kemana salinan perlu dibuat.
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Komponen dalam GUI
Ikon
Kotak dialog
Menu
Contoh perisian Macintosh
windows
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Antaramuka grafik
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Perisian Aplikasi
Merupakan perisian aplikasi yang telah dibina untuk
membantu pengguna menjalankan pelbagai tugas
dalam bidang seperti menaip, mengira, melukis.
Terbahagi kepada dua:Perisian asas- meningkatkan produktiviti
pengguna
Perisian termaju-memerlukan kepakaran
menggunakannya
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Contoh Perisian Aplikasi
Perisian Aplikasi Kegunaan ContohPemprosesan Perkataan
(Word Processing)
Menulis surat,
dokumen
Word, Word Perfect,
Wordstar, Ami Pro
Hamparan Elektronik
(Electronic Spreadsheet)
Pengiraan Lotus, Excel, Quattro
Pro
Pangkalan Data (Data base) Menyusun data dan
maklumat
Access, dBase,
Approach
Persembahan (Presentation) Membuat persembahan Powerpoint
Grafik (Graphic) Lukisan Coreldraw
Penerbitan Meja(Desktop Publishing)
Penerbitan akhbar,majalah dan buku
Pagemaker,Publisher
Reka bentuk Berbantukan
Komputer (Computer
Added Design-CAD)
Lukisan Kejuruteraan Auto CAD
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Music Software
Offers many ways to work with music, sound effects, andnarration from your desktop, notebook, or handheld
computer iTunes
Audio editing software
Chapter 3: Software 15
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Video Software
Provides a set of tools for creating video productions from
raw footage
Consumer-level video editing software
Windows Live Movie Maker
Apple iMovie
DVD authoring software
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Graphics Software
Designed to help you
create, manipulate, and
print graphics
Paint software
Photo editing software Drawing software
3-D graphics software
CAD software
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Mapping and Location-Based
Software
Chapter 3: Software 18
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Business and Number
Crunching Software Vertical market software is designed to automate specialized
tasks in a specific market or business
Horizontal market software is generic software that just
about any kind of business can use
Payroll software
Accounting software
Project management software
Chapter 3: Software 19
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Business and Number
Crunching Software Provides a structured environment dedicated to a particular
number crunching task
Statistical software
Mathematical modeling software
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Desktop Publishing Software
Chapter 3: Software 21
CLICK TO START
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Personal Finance Software
Chapter 3: Software 22
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Utility Software
Adaptive utilities alter a devices user interface to create anaccessible environment by providing closed captions, text-to-
speech, speech-to-text, or large screen text
System utilities that can track down and fix disk errors, repair
corrupted files, and give your device a performance-enhancing tune-up
Chapter 3: Software 23
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5 aturcara utiliti yang penting ialah:
Mengesan ralatAntivirus
Menghapuskan fail atau aplikasi
Membuat salinan sekirannya fail hilang &rosak
Memampatkan fail
Ada utiliti yang berbentuk windows &
himpunanseperti:
McAfee & Norton System Work
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Device Drivers
Chapter 3: Software 25
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Section B: Office Suites
Office Suite Basics
Word Processing
Spreadsheets
Databases
Presentations
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Word Processing
Chapter 3: Software 27
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Word Processing
Word processing features include: Word wrap
Search and Replace
Thesaurus
Grammar checker Readability formula
Spelling checker
Spelling dictionary
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Word Processing
Chapter 3: Software 29
CLICK TO START
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Word Processing
Chapter 3: Software 30
CLICK TO START
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Spreadsheets
A spreadsheet uses rows andcolumns of numbers to create
a model or representation of
a real solution
Spreadsheet software, suchas Microsoft Excel, iWork
Numbers, Google Docs
Spreadsheets, or LibreOffice
Calc, provides tools to createelectronic spreadsheets
Chapter 3: Software 31
CLICK TO START
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Spreadsheets
A formula tells the computer how to use thecontents of cells in calculations
Cell references
Relative reference
Absolute reference
Mathematical operators
Functions
Automatic recalculations
Chapter 3: Software 32
CLICK TO START
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Spreadsheets
Chapter 3: Software 33
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Spreadsheets
Chapter 3: Software 34
CLICK TO START
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Databases
A database is a collection of data Database software helps you enter, find, organize, update, and
report information stored in a database
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Databases
A query language such as SQL (Structured QueryLanguage) provides a set of commands for locating and
manipulating data
Natural language query
Keyword search Query by example
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Presentations
Presentation software supplies the tools for combining text,photos, clip art, graphs, animations, and sound into a series
of electronic slides that can be shown on a computer screen
or projector
Chapter 3: Software 37
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Web Apps
Chapter 3: Software 38
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Mobile Apps
Chapter 3: Software 39
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Local Applications
Chapter 3: Software 40
CLICK TO START
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Local Applications
Chapter 3: Software 41
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Local Applications
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Portable Software
Chapter 3: Software 43
CLICK TO START
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Software Upgrades
and Updates Periodically, software publishers replace older versions of a
software product with a new version thats sometimes
referred to as a software upgrade
A software update is a small section of program code that
replaces part of the software you currently have installed Service packs
Chapter 3: Software 44
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Software Upgrades
and Updates Updates are usually available online for registered software
Automatic Update option
Always install updates and service packs when they become
available
Many software publishers require users to type in a
validation code to complete an upgrade
Chapter 3: Software 45
CLICK TO START
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Uninstalling Software
Uninstall routines delete the softwares files from thevarious folders on your computers hard disk
Chapter 3: Software 46
CLICK TO START
S ft C i ht
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Software Copyrights
and LicensesA copyright is a form of legal protection that grants the
author of an original work exclusive rights
Copyright notice
Software licenses, also called license agreements, define
the ways in which you may use a computer program
Chapter 3: Software 47
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Software Copyrights
and Licenses
Chapter 3: Software 48
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Software Copyrights
and Licenses
Chapter 3: Software 49
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Software Copyrights
and Licenses Freeware is copyrighted software that is available for free
Product activation is a means of protecting software from
illegal copying by requiring users to enter a product key or
activation code before the software can be used
A hash value is a unique number derived from encoding one or moredata sets, such as names, serial numbers, and validation codes
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Security Software Basics
Security software is designed to protect computers fromvarious forms of destructive software and unauthorized
intrusions
The terms malicious software and malware refer to any
computer program designed to surreptitiously enter acomputer, gain unauthorized access to data, or disrupt
normal processing operations
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Security Software Basics
Computer virus
Computer worm
Mass-mailing worm
Trojan horse
Remote Access Trojan (RAT)
Bot
Spider
Botnet
Spyware
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Security Software Basics
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Antivirus Modules
Most experts recommend thatyou configure your antivirussoftware to periodically scanall the files on your computer
If, during the scanningprocess, your virus protectionsoftware identifies a virus,worm, Trojan horse, or bot in afile or attachment, it can try toremove the infection, put thefile into quarantine, or simplydelete the file