BA 471 Management Information Systems
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BA 471 Management Information Systems Hardware Basics
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BA 471 Management Information Systems. Hardware Basics. Hardware Basics. Computer Systems Hardware Software Databases (or files) Telecommunications Networks. Hardware Basics. Purpose of hardware Input Processing Storage Output. Hardware Basics. Why you need to know this - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of BA 471 Management Information Systems
BA 471Management InformationSystems
Hardware Basics
Hardware Basics
Computer Systems Hardware Software Databases (or files) Telecommunications Networks
Hardware Basics
Purpose of hardware Input Processing Storage Output
Hardware Basics
Why you need to know this Decide / approve what to purchase Participate in evaluations
Evaluation criteria: Performance Cost Complexity (maintainability) Viability (“upgradeability,” future plans)
Hardware Basics - Components
CPU – Physically: digital circuits on chips Consists of:
Arithmetic logic unit (ALU) Control unit Registers Memory
Hardware Basics - Components
CPU
ALU
CONTROLUNIT
REGISTER
MEMORY
Hardware Basics - Components
This is not a CPU!
Hardware Basics - Components
What a CPU does: Execute Instructions Two phases
Instruction phase Execution phase
Hardware Basics - Components
Instruction Phase Fetch instructions – literally, get
program instructions and data Decode instructions – literally, interpret
instructions and pass to execution unit Execution Phase
Execute - Calculate, evaluate, compare Store results
Hardware Basics - Components
Process
Input Output
FETCH, DECODE
EXECUTE, STORE
ALU
CONTROLUNIT
REGISTER
MEMORY
Hardware Basics - Components
Every time an instruction phase and execution phase completes, that’s a
Machine Cycle
Performance element
Hardware Basics - Components
How long does a Machine Cycle take?
Microsecond Nanosecond Pico second
MIPS = Millions of Instructions Per Second
Hardware Basics - Components
“Co-lo”
“MIPS in a rack” “MIPS on the floor”
Hardware Basics - Components
Process
Input Output
FETCH, DECODE EXECUTE, STORE
--- Machine Cycle --
~ ~ “Clock time”~ ~
ALU
CONTROLUNIT
REGISTER
MEMORY
Hardware Basics - Components
Speed: “Clock time” = frequency of electronic pulses Performance element
Microcode Performance element
Hardware Basics - Components
Mark 1 (1940s)
IBM 360 Console
Hardware Basics - Components
Admiral Grace Hopper (1906-1992) Pioneer in Computing
Hardware Basics - Components
Bits, bytes, hexadecimal Word length: How many bits a cpu
can process at one time Performance element
Hardware Basics - Components
Memory ROM v. RAM
Secondary Storage Tape Disk (direct access) Optical DVD Flash Removable/Expandable
