B.7FG Mechanisms of Evolution
Transcript of B.7FG Mechanisms of Evolution
![Page 1: B.7FG Mechanisms of Evolution](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052602/628d00fdf7e08e6b614a229a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
B.7FG Mechanisms of Evolution
Picture Vocabulary
© 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved
![Page 2: B.7FG Mechanisms of Evolution](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052602/628d00fdf7e08e6b614a229a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
genetic drift
Random changes in the frequency of alleles within a gene pool; greater effect on small
populations © 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved
![Page 3: B.7FG Mechanisms of Evolution](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052602/628d00fdf7e08e6b614a229a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
gene pool
The total number of alleles for each gene that is available within a population
© 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved
![Page 4: B.7FG Mechanisms of Evolution](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052602/628d00fdf7e08e6b614a229a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
mutation
Any change in the sequence of DNA; they can be beneficial, neutral, or deleterious
© 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved
![Page 5: B.7FG Mechanisms of Evolution](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052602/628d00fdf7e08e6b614a229a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
allele
All of the possible forms of a gene that can occur in an individual
© 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved
![Page 6: B.7FG Mechanisms of Evolution](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052602/628d00fdf7e08e6b614a229a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
genetic variation
The variety of gene combinations that exist within a population
© 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved
![Page 7: B.7FG Mechanisms of Evolution](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052602/628d00fdf7e08e6b614a229a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
gene flow
The movement of genes into and out of a population due to interbreeding
between different populations © 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved
![Page 8: B.7FG Mechanisms of Evolution](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052602/628d00fdf7e08e6b614a229a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
independent assortment
The random selection of chromosomes from homologous pairs during meiosis to form gametes;
each selection is independent of the other chromosome pairs
© 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved
![Page 9: B.7FG Mechanisms of Evolution](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052602/628d00fdf7e08e6b614a229a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
crossing over
The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis;
contributes to genetic variation © 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved
![Page 10: B.7FG Mechanisms of Evolution](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052602/628d00fdf7e08e6b614a229a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
recombination
The process by which genetic material from different individuals becomes combined
© 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved
![Page 11: B.7FG Mechanisms of Evolution](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052602/628d00fdf7e08e6b614a229a/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
theory
A probable explanation of an idea or concept that has been proven multiple times through scientific investigations
© 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved
![Page 12: B.7FG Mechanisms of Evolution](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052602/628d00fdf7e08e6b614a229a/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
endosymbiotic theory
The theory that the eukaryotic cell is actually composed of prokaryotic cells; organelles were
once independent prokaryotes © 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved
![Page 13: B.7FG Mechanisms of Evolution](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052602/628d00fdf7e08e6b614a229a/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Oparin-Haldane hypothesis
The hypothesis in which the condition of Earth’s early atmosphere containing ammonia and water led to the
formation of amino acids and eventually the development of life
© 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved
![Page 14: B.7FG Mechanisms of Evolution](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052602/628d00fdf7e08e6b614a229a/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
bottleneck effect
A type of genetic drift in which the population size is greatly reduced due to natural disaster, predation, or habitat loss
© 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved
![Page 15: B.7FG Mechanisms of Evolution](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052602/628d00fdf7e08e6b614a229a/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
emigration
To leave one’s country or region for another
© 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved
![Page 16: B.7FG Mechanisms of Evolution](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052602/628d00fdf7e08e6b614a229a/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
founder effect
A new population is created by a few original founders; it has less genetic variation than the
parent population © 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved
![Page 17: B.7FG Mechanisms of Evolution](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022052602/628d00fdf7e08e6b614a229a/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
immigration
To enter and settle in an area that is not one’s native country
© 2012 Rice University - All Rights Reserved