Azer oug sadigov xayyam

Sadıqov XəyyamProsedurlar, Funksiyalar və Paketler

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Tarix 14.09.2013


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Özüm haqqda

Şənbə, 14 Sentyabr 2013

Sadıqov XəyyamAzerfon LLC

Billing and VAS Engineer SQL and PL/SQL Trainer

Sadıgov Xəyyam


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PL/SQL


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Procedurlar və Functionlar nədi ?


– PL/SQL bloklar– PL/SQL subprogram adlanırlar– Anonym bloklar kimi blok strukturları var

• Könüllü deklarativ bölmə (DECLARE -siz)• Məcburi işləyən bölmə• Istisnalar idarə etmək ücün könüllü bölmə

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Anonym blokların ve Subprogramların fərqi nedi ?

Şənbə, 14 Sentyabr 2013 Sadıgov Xəyyam


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Anonym blokların ve Subprogramların fərqi nedi ?



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Subprogramlarin üstünlükləri


• Easy maintenance • Code Reuse • Improved data security • Improved performance • Improved code clarity

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Procedure


CREATE [OR REPLACE] PROCEDURE procedure_name [(argument1 [mode1] datatype1, argument2 [mode2] datatype2, . . .)][ AUTHID DEFINER | CURRENT_USER ]IS|ASprocedure_body;


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Procedure


...CREATE TABLE dept AS SELECT * FROM departments;CREATE PROCEDURE add_dept IS v_dept_id dept.department_id%TYPE; v_dept_name dept.department_name%TYPE;BEGIN v_dept_id:=280; v_dept_name:='ST-Curriculum'; INSERT INTO dept(department_id,department_name) VALUES(v_dept_id,v_dept_name); DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(' Inserted '|| SQL%ROWCOUNT

||' row ');END;


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Procedure parameterler


• Formal və Faktiki• İN – read-only• OUT – write-only• İN OUT – read-write

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Procedure



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Invoking Procedures


Haradan proceduru execute ede bilersiz:– Anonim blok– Başqa procedur– Applicationdan• Oracle Job• Third-party application

Note: proceduru SQL de istifade etmek olmaz.

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Notation by name, by position



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Function


CREATE [OR REPLACE] FUNCTION function_name [(argument1 [mode1] datatype1, argument2 [mode2] datatype2, . . .)]RETURN datatype[ AUTHID [ DEFINER | CURRENT_USER ]]IS|ASfunction_body;


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Function


CREATE FUNCTION check_sal RETURN Boolean ISv_dept_id employees.department_id%TYPE; v_empno employees.employee_id%TYPE; v_sal employees.salary%TYPE; v_avg_sal employees.salary%TYPE;BEGIN v_empno:=205; SELECT salary,department_id INTO v_sal,v_dept_id FROM employees WHERE employee_id= v_empno; SELECT avg(salary) INTO v_avg_sal FROM employees WHERE

department_id=v_dept_id; IF v_sal > v_avg_sal THEN RETURN TRUE; ELSE RETURN FALSE; END IF;EXCEPTION WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN RETURN NULL;END;


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Invoking a Function


BEGIN IF (check_sal IS NULL) THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The function returned

NULL due to exception'); ELSIF (check_sal) THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary > average'); ELSE DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary < average'); END IF;END;/


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Function


DROP FUNCTION check_sal;CREATE FUNCTION check_sal(p_empno employees.employee_id%TYPE)

RETURN Boolean IS v_dept_id employees.department_id%TYPE; v_sal employees.salary%TYPE; v_avg_sal employees.salary%TYPE;BEGIN SELECT salary,department_id INTO v_sal,v_dept_id FROM employees WHERE employee_id=p_empno; SELECT avg(salary) INTO v_avg_sal FROM employees WHERE department_id=v_dept_id; IF v_sal > v_avg_sal THEN RETURN TRUE; ELSE RETURN FALSE; END IF;EXCEPTION ...


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Invoking Function


BEGINDBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Checking for employee with id 205'); IF (check_sal(205) IS NULL) THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The function returned

NULL due to exception'); ELSIF (check_sal(205)) THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary > average'); ELSE DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary < average'); END IF;DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Checking for employee with id 70'); IF (check_sal(70) IS NULL) THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The function returned

NULL due to exception'); ELSIF (check_sal(70)) THEN ... END IF;END;/


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Restrictions on User-Defined Functions


Query və DML da işlənilen funkciyada olmaz:• OUT yada IN OUT parametler• Commit yada roll back• create a savepoint or roll back to a savepoint, • alter the session or the system. • DDL• Eyni tablicada deyişiklik etmek

Amma• INSERT etmek (from SELECT statement)• INSERT from a subquery in a DML statement

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Package Architecture



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Package spec



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Package body



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Example



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Execute



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Advantages of PL/SQL Packages


•Modularity• Easier Application Design• Information Hiding•Added Functionality•Better Performance

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Product-Specific Packages


• DBMS_ALERT• DBMS_OUTPUT• DBMS_PIPE• UTL_FILE• UTL_HTTP• UTL_SMTP

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Drop


• Procedures• DROP PROCEDURE procedure_name

• Function• DROP FUNCTION function_name

• Package• DROP PACKAGE package_name

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Data dictionary


• user_procedures• OBJECT_TYPE=‘PROCEDURE’• OBJECT_TYPE=‘FUNCTION’• OBJECT_TYPE=‘PACKAGE’

• user_source• TYPE=‘PROCEDURE’• TYPE=‘FUNCTION’• TYPE=‘PACKAGE’

• user_errors

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S&C

Sizin suallarınız



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Son

TƏŞƏKKÜRLƏRAZEROUG


Sadıgov Xəyyam

[email protected]

Mob: (070) 201 - 13 - 93Skype: khsadigov

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