4

XX saukunis Sua wlebidan ki II msoflio omSi gamarjvebuli, magram mkveTrad dasustebuli didi britaneTi mTel msoflioSi ganlagebul Tavis mravalricxovan koloniaze nebayoflobiT da mSvidobianad ambobda uars, gansxvavebiT safrangeTisagan, romelmac uqmad daRvara didi sisxli vietnamsa da alJirSi. londonma axlo aRmosavleTis regionidanac daiwyo gasvla, ro-desac 1946 wels datova iordania da 1948 wels – palestina. es ar niSnavs, rom mas ar darCa eko-nomikuri interesebi am regionSi, Tumca interesebi Seicvala: axla axloaRmosavlur navTobs aRar aqvs sasicocxlo mniSvneloba britaneTisaTvis – is yvelgan SeiZleba SeiZinos! londoni ufro dainteresebulia gayidos Tavisi samxedro mrewvelobis nawarmi sparseTis yuris qveyneb-Si da gamdidrebuli yofili proteqtoratebidan moizidos investiciebi Tavis kunZulze. sau-dieli mefiswulebi, kataris, quveiTis, abu-dabis, dubais amirebi (yofili Seixebi) da elitebis sxva mdidari wevrebi did fuls ixdian inglisSi sasaxleebis, maRaziebis, kompaniaTa aqciebis an safexburTo klubebis SesaZenad.

didi britaneTis oficialuri politikuri gavlena regionSi sabolood 1971 wels dasrul-da, rodesac gaeros damoukidebeli wevrebi gaxdnen yofili proteqtoratebi – omani, katari, bahreini, gaerTianebuli arabuli saamiroebi (SemoklebiT – gasi, romelic Svidi saamiros fe-deraciaa da 1971 wlamde cnobili iyo „SeTanxmebiTi omanis“ saxeliT). quveiTi ukve 1961 wlidan iyo gaeros wevri. 1967 wels damoukidebeli gaxda adeni.

axlo aRmosavleTSi ZiriTadi samxedro-politikuri Zala da uryevi politikuri avtori-teti XIX saukunidan moyolebuli, asze meti wlis ganmavlobaSi, didi britaneTi iyo.

revaz gaCeCilaZe

axlo aRmosavleTis cvalebadi geopolitikaII nawili

geopolitikuri metoqeoba Tanamedrove axlo aRmosavleTSi

geopolitika

omani

saudis arabeTi

abu-dabi

jebel-ali

dubai Sarja

ajmani

omani

gaerTianebuliarabulisaamiroebi

katari

doha

ras-al-xaima

fujaira

al-aini

an-naSaSi

sparseTis yure

gaerTianebuli arabuli saamiroebi Svidi saamiros federacia

abu-dabis saamiro2farTobi – 67 340 km

dedaqalaqi – abu-dabimosaxleoba – 2,785 mln

dubais saamiro2farTobi – 3 885 km

dedaqalaqi – dubaimosaxleoba – 4,177 mln

Sarjas saamiro2farTobi – 2 590 km

dedaqalaqi – Sarja mosaxleoba – 2,374 mln

um-al-kaiuvainis saamiro2farTobi – 777 km

dedaqalaqi – um-al-kaiuvaini mosaxleoba – 72 aTasi

ras-al-xaimas saamiro2farTobi – 2 486 km

dedaqalaqi – ras-al-xaima mosaxleoba – 345 aTasi

fujairas saamiro2farTobi – 1 165 km

dedaqalaqi – fujairamosaxleoba – 152

ajmanis saamiro2farTobi – 259 km

dedaqalaqi – ajmani mosaxleoba – 373 aTasi

axlo aRmosavleTi

magram regioni dominantis gareSe ar darCenila.

XX saukunis Sua xanebidan axlo aRmosavleTis hegemonis rolSi did britaneTs umtkivneu-lod Caenacvla amerikis SeerTebuli Statebi, romlis ZiriTadi metoqe regionSi gaxda sabWoTa kavSiri.

ukve 1945 wlis 14 Tebervals, rodesac II msoflio omi arc iyo damTavrebuli, amerikul mZime kreiser „kuinsis“ gembanze erTmaneTs Sexvdnen amerikis prezidenti franklin delano ruzvel-ti da saudis arabeTis mefe abdulaziz al-saudi. garigebis Tanaxmad (romelic axla aRaraa sai-dumlo!), navTobis stabiluri miwodebis sanacvlod, demokratiis mTavarma bastionma usafrT-xoebis garantia misca Sua saukuneebSi CarCenil absolutur monarqias, sadac 1964 wlamde ofi-cialurad arsebobda monoba. adamianis uflebaTa damcvelebi am SeTanxmebas „eSmakiseul gari-gebas“ uwodeben.

5

rub al-xalis udabno dubaisTan

um-al-kaiuvaini

6

aSS-is prezidenti franklin delano ruzvelti kreiseris gembanze xvdeba saudis arabeTis

mefe abdulaziz al-sauds, 1945

Seilgazi – Tixafiqlidan specialuri da Zvi-radRirebuli meTodiT mopovebuli sawvavi airi. analogiuri meTodiT xdeba navTobis mopovebac.

WaburRili

gazis nakadi

wyali, qviSa da qimikatebi

Sedis WaburRilSi

fiqalinapralebi

napralifiqali

gazis nakadi

wyali, qviSa da qimikatebi

bareli (kasri, inglisurad „barrel“) – XIX sauku-nis Sua wlebidan gamoiyeneba nedli navTobis sa-zomad. is udris daaxloebiT 159 litrs.

samagierod, amerikis sasicocxlo inte-resebSia, rom navTobiT vaWroba mTel msof-lioSi mxolod amerikuli dolariT xorci-eldebodes. es, upirvelesad, damokidebu-lia axlo aRmosavleTis navTobmompovebel qveynebze, gansakuTrebiT, navTobis udides eqsportior saudis arabeTze. amitomac TeTri saxli saocrad lmobieria arabuli reJimebis, maT Soris, saudis arabeTis same-fo ojaxis mier adamianis uflebaTa uxeSi darRvevebis mimarT. gasakviri araa, rom sparseTis yuris qveynebis aTeul miliar-dobiT Rirebulebis samxedro SeiaraReba, ZiriTadad, SeerTebul StatebSia damzade-buli: misi warmoeba amerikul kompaniebs am-didrebs da milionobiT amerikels asaqmebs.

msoflioSi, uswrebda saudis arabeTsac da ruseTsac. magram ufro dabali fasebis SemTxvevaSi, rac 2020 wels gardauvali Cans, amerikuli navTobi da airi arakonkurent-unariania da axlo aRmosavleTis nedleuls upiratesoba SeiZleba mieces. Tumca, axlo-aRmosavluri navTobiT momarageba aSS-s ax-la naklebad esaWiroeba, radgan SeuZlia mo-axdinos importi mezobeli da sxva, ufro ax-lomdebare, qveynebidan.

„komunizmis SeCerebis“ amocana ameriki-saTvis gulisxmobda sabWoTa kavSiris gav-lenis gavrcelebis winaaRmdeg brZolas, Torem sakuTriv „komunizms“ axlo aRmosav-leTis konservatiuli sazogadoebrivi az-ri isedac ar swyalobda!

stalinis droindelma sabWoTa kavSirma Tavdapirvelad fsoni dado israelze, ro-mlis damoukideblobac 1948 wlis maisSi dauyovnebliv cno da arabul qveynebTan om-isas samxedro saWurvliTac ki moamaraga.

dReisaTvis es triada Zalian daviwrov-da da erT amocanamde davida.

rac Seexeba navTobs, XXI saukuneSi ameri-ka uzrunvelyofilia sakuTari navTobiTa da airiT (ZiriTadad es aris Seilgazi).

ufro metic, rodesac erTi bareli nav-Tobis msoflio fasi 50-60 dolaris farg-lebSi meryeobs, amerika am nedleulis eqs-

portSi konkurentulic ki aris. 2019 wels is iyo pirveli nav-

Tobmwarmoebeli qveyana

„civi omis“ periodSi, 1946-1990 wlebSi, rodesac arsebobda globaluri dapirispi-reba amerikasa da sabWoTa kavSirs Soris, am-erikis politikas axlo aRmosavleTSi, erTi ingliseli mecnieris sityvebiT, gansazRv-ravda sami ram – „israeli, navTobi da komu-nizmis SeCereba“.

geopolitika

anvar sadaTi(1918-1981)

nikita xruSCovi (1894-1971) da gamal abdel naseri ( 1918-1970)

magram kremlis geopolitikuri gaTvla, rom ebrauli saxelmwifo sabWoTa marione-ti gaxdeboda, ar gamarTlda.

ufro metic, sadaTma iqamde arabebis mtrad miCneul israelis saxelmwifosTan diplomatiuri urTierToba daamyara, ris gamoc egvipte danarCeni arabuli qveynebis risxvis obieqti gaxda: egvipte garicxes „ar-abul saxelmwifoTa ligidan“ (marTalia, es droebiTi zoma aRmoCnda!). sadaTi, sxvaTa Soris, arabma nacionalistma mokla.

kairo ki dRemde iRebs finansur daxma-rebas vaSingtonisagan.

1950-iani wlebis Suidan sabWoTa kavSir-ma daiwyo arabuli qveynebis e. w. „antiimpe-rialisturi“ reJimebis mxardaWera, rom-lebmac ver miiRes saTanado daxmareba da-savleTidan da sanacvlod moskovs mimar-Tes. am reJimebis sagareo-politikuri veq-tori araviTar ideologias ar eyrdnoboda: reJimi imis mxares iyo, vinc mets ixdida. ma-galiTad, 1956 wlidan kremli samxedro da ekonomikur daxmarebas uwevda egviptis pre-zidents (faqtobrivad – diqtators) gamal abdel nasers. magram rodesac naseris memk-vidrem, momdevno prezidentma anvar sadaT-ma meti daxmarebis piroba miiRo vaSingtoni-sagan, egviptis sagareo-politikuri orien-tacia umal Seicvala da proamerikuli gax-da. moxda „geopolitikuri Zvra“!

axlo aRmosavleTSi sabWoTa kavSirs ar hqonda iseTi ekonomikuri interesebi, rom-lebmac Tavis droze regionSi miiyvana didi britaneTi (satransporto komunikaciebi da navTobi) an amerika (navTobi). kremls regi-onSi, ZiriTadad, geopolitikuri miznebi amoZravebda: is amocanad isaxavda „imperia-listuri qveynebis“, anu, arsebiTad, ameri-kisa da didi britaneTis, poziciis dasuste-bas da TavisTvis samxedro-politikuri sayrdenis mopovebas. amisaTvis sabWoTa kav-Siri mzad iyo, didi xarji gaeRo samxedro da ekonomikuri daxmarebisaTvis. misi komu-nisturi xelmZRvaneloba xSirad Tvals xu-Wavda imazec ki, rom diqtatoruli, magram „antiimperialisturi“ reJimi sastikad dev-nida adgilobriv komunistebs (magaliTad, egvipteSi, eraySi, siriaSi).

egviptesTan, siriasa da iordaniasTan 1967 wlis „eqvsdRian omSi“ israelis gamar-jvebis Semdeg sabWoTa kavSirma gawyvita diplomatiuri urTierToba israelTan. is-raelis ugulebelyofiT kremlma sababi mis-ca amerikas mkveTrad proisraeluri gamxda-riyo.

sabWoTa kavSirs realuri mokavSire ax-lo aRmosavleTSi ar hyolia, gansxvavebiT amerikisagan, romelsac periodulad hyavda mokavSireebi da mudmivad hyavs erTi mokav-Sire – israeli.

7

axlo aRmosavleTi

8

eqvsdRiani omis kadrebi

eduard SevardnaZe(1928-2014)

vaSingtonis erT-erT ZiriTad amocanad axlo aRmosavleTSi rCeba israelis usafrTxoebis sruli dacva. amas vaSingtonis yvela administracias daJinebiT Seaxsenebs xolme umdidresi eb-rauli lobi, romelic did gavlenas axdens amerikis axloaRmosavlur politikaze.

1991 wlamde bevri arabuli qveyana da palestinelebi TavianT mTavar „megobarsa da imeds“ kremlSi xedavdnen. 1991 wlis Semdeg ki, rodesac sabWoTa kavSiri daiSala da mis samarTalmemk-vidres, ruseTis federacias, Tavad Seeqmna rTuli saSinao da sagareo viTareba, man Seuwyvita daxmareba regionis arabul qveynebs.

amrigad, „komunizmis SeCerebis“ amocana amerikas moexsna.

1967 wlis „eqvsdRian omSi“ gamarjvebis Sedegad, israelma kontroli dauwesa yofili bri-tanuli samandato palestinis mTel teritorias da saerTaSoriso samarTlis normebis ugule-belyofiT daiwyo ebrauli axalSenebis mSenebloba arabebiT dasaxlebul md. iordanes „dasav-leT napirze“, romelic istoriulad marTlac iyo iudea da Somroni (samaria). ori aTasi wlis winandeli istoriuli samarTlianobis aRdgena Tanamedrove pirobebSi gamouval Cixs qmnis sicocxlisunariani palestinis saxelmwifos Sesaqmnelad. palestineli arabebis gan-

saxlebis arealSi Rrmad SeWrili ebrauli axalSenebi da satrans-porto infrastruqtura arabul dasaxlebebs erT-

maneTTan daukavSirebel an Zneli gziT dakavSi-rebul „kunZulebad“ aqcevs.

1950-iani wlebidan amerikis yvela administracia ekonomikur da samxedro sferoSi exmare-boda israels, romelic amJamadac amerikuli samxedro daxmarebis udidesi beneficiaria, Tum-ca umaRlesi donis sakuTari samxedro mrewvelobac aqvs.

israel-sabWoTa kavSiris urTierToba aRdga mxolod 1991 wels, rodesac sabWoTa kavSiris sagareo saqmeTa ministri iyo eduard SevardnaZe – amitomac israelSi is dRemde sakmaod popu-laruli figuraa.

mixail gorbaCovi (dab.1931) da ronald reigani (1911-2004)

geopolitika

amerikis prezidentebis kritika israe-lis saaxalSeno politikis mimarT forma-lur xasiaTs atarebs xolme. prezidentma donald trampma ki 2020 wels faqtobrivi legitimacia mianiWa am axalSenebs. manve ga-daitana aSS-is saelCo ierusalimSi da amiT faqtobrivad cno ierusalimi israelis de-daqalaqad. maSin, roca gaeros 1980 wlis re-zolucia ukanonod acxadebs aRmosavleT ierusalimis aneqsirebas israelis mier.

amerikis gavlena gavrcelda regionis sxva qveynebzec. 1940-iani wlebis meore naxe-varSi vaSingtonma faqtobrivad ixsna Tur-qeTi sabWoTa agresiisagan. SemdgomSic ame-rika TurqeTis mTavari mokavSire iyo. sab-WoTa kavSiris daSlis Semdeg ki ankaras mo-exsna moskovis SiSi da man ufro damoukide-beli sagareo politika wamoiwyo. XXI sauku-nis dasawyisidan amerikul-Turquli urTi-erTobebi naklebad guliTadi xdeba, magram isini mainc natoeli mokavSireebi arian.

monarqiuli iranis mfarveli amerika iyo, Tumca Sahis reJimi sulac ar iyo „demo-kratiis Suqura“: ufro piriqiT! 1979 wlis islamuri revoluciis Semdeg ki iranis re-ligiurma xelmZRvanelobam moaxdina „geo-politikuri Zvra“ da Tavis mTavar mtrebad dasaxa amerika da israeli. es dapirispireba dRemde grZeldeba.

iranis islamuri revoluciis lideriaiaTola xomeini (1902-1989)

palestinelebiisraeli

iordania

egvipte

iordania

egvipte

Raza

beTlemi

ierusalimi

Tel-avivi

xaifa

xmelTaSua zRva

xaifa

xmelTaSua zRva

Tel-avivi

ierusalimi

beTlemi

Raza

mkvdarizRva

mkvdarizRva

vaSingtoni damoukideblobis garantad moevlina sparseTis yuris qveynebs. 1991 wels aSS-is mier Seqmnilma koaliciam brZo-liT aRudgina damoukidebloba quveiTs, romlis aneqsireba 1990 wels moaxdina era-yis diqtatorma sadam huseinma. aseTi qcevis upasuxod datoveba regionisaTvis cudi precedenti iqneboda. Tanac, sadam huseini did safrTxes uqmnida ufro samxreTiT mde-bare saudis arabeTs, navTobis mTavar mimwo-debels dasavleTisaTvis, im dros – ameri-kisTvisac.

2003 wels amerikis prezidentma jorj buSma (umcr.) wamoiwyo samxedro operacia „Tavisufleba erays“, romelic miznad isa-xavda sadam huseinis diqtatoruli reJimis damxobas. es mizani marTlac sakmaod swrafad iqna miRweuli, magram, sa-boloo jamSi, am operaciam daarR-via myife politikuri wonasworo-ba eraysa da mTel regionSi. da-gegmili „patara Zlevamosili om-is“ nacvlad, amerikul armias rva welze metxans mouwia darCena eraySi, sadac daiwyo sa-moqalaqo omi suni-tebsa da Siitebs So-ris, rasac Zalian

iranis Sahi mohamed reza fehlevi (1919-1980) daamerikis prezidenti riCard niqsoni (1913-1994)

9

axlo aRmosavleTi

1949-1967 დღეს

10

erayis armiis ieriSi quveiTze

sadam huseini loculobs quveiTze Tavdasxmis Semdeg

sparseTis yuris omi, 1991

didi msxverpli mohyva; erayis 1,5-milioniani qristianuli umciresoba TiTqmis xuTjer Sem-cirda, misi didi nawili ltolvilad iqca; TiTqmis damoukidebeli gaxda erayis qurTistani; am-erikelebis mier iranis mtris, sadam huseinis, damxobam eraySi gamoacocxla proiranuli Zale-bi, Siitebi, romlebic qveynis mosaxleobis umravlesobas warmoadgenen da met-naklebad demok-ratiulad Catarebuli arCevnebis Semdeg maTi mxardaWerili partiebi dResac marTaven erays; erayis armiis umuSevrad darCenilma oficrebma daxmareba gauwies 2014 wels gamocxadebul te-roristul warmonaqmns – „islamur saxelmwifos“.

zemoxsenebuli operaciis arapirdapiri Sedegi iyo e. w. „arabuli gazafxuli“ 2011 wels da imave wels antisamTavrobo gamosvlebis dawyeba siriaSi, rac, sabolood, samoqalaqo omSi gada-izarda. siriaSi omi ukve meaTe welia grZeldeba.

siriis samoqalaqo omSi monawile Zalebi warmoudgenlad Wrelia. xSirad Wirs imis gageba, vin visi mokavSirea an visi mteri. siriis „memkvidreobiTi prezidenti“ baSar al-asadi ukve 20 we-lia marTavs qveyanas, mamamisis – hafiz asadis Semdeg, romelic 30 wlis ganmavlobaSi rkinis xe-liT marTavda sirias.

asadis reJimis opozicia SeiZleba demokratiulic iyos da islamistu-ric. met-naklebad demokratiuli mimarTulebis, magram sust opoziciur Zalebs dasavleTi – aSS da evrokavSiri – uWerda mxars; jamSi, ufro Zlier, magram sxvadasxva mimarTulebis, xSirad urTierdapirispirebul, isla-

hafiz al-asadi (1930-2000)

geopolitika

mistur jgufebs ki afinansebs katari, sau-dis arabeTi, gaerTianebuli arabuli saami-roebi. zogadad, siriis opozicias Tavidan-ve miemxro TurqeTi, baSar al-asads ki – ir-ani. sirieli qurTebi, romlebic adre al-as-ads mtrad miiCnevdnen, damaskos winaaRmdeg ar gamosulan, magram kontroli dauweses qveynis teritoriis meoTxeds, umeteswilad dausaxlebel udabnos, magram iq arsebuli navTob-sarewebiTurT. maSin, roca qurTebs amerika aiaraRebs, amerikis natoeli mokav-Sire TurqeTi qurTebis SeiaraRebul nawi-lebs „teroristebad“ miiCnevs“ da a. S.

siriis omSi CaerTnen rogorc axlo aR-mosavleTis regionis saxelmwifoebi (sam-xedro Zalis meSveobiT – TurqeTi da irani,

sadam huseinis Zeglis Camogdeba omis Semdeg

siriis samoqalaqo omi

vladimir putini da baSar al-asadi

mama-Svili buSebi

formalurad ruseTi siriaSi mivida ba-Sar al-asadis TxovniT teroristul warmo-naqmn „islamur saxelmwifosTan“ sabrZol-velad, romelic im dros marTlac warmoad-genda globalur safrTxes.

es e. w. „saxelmwifo“ Seqmnes radikalma sunitma islamistebma. amitomac isini daupi-rispirdnen islamis sxva mimarTulebas – Si-itebs, maT Soris, iranis islamur respubli-kasac, romelic Siituri saxelmwifoa. 2016 wels „islamuri saxelmwifo“ erayisa da si-riis teritoriis did nawilze batonobda.

finansurad – sparseTis yuris qveynebi), ise regionsgareSe Zalebi, upirvelesad – ameri-ka da ruseTis federacia.

ruseTi 2015 wels mxsnelad moevlina si-riis TiTqmis damarcxebuli prezidentis baSar al-asadis represiul reJims.

11

axlo aRmosavleTi

siriis samoqalaqo omis metoqe mxareebisa da omSi CarTuli saxelmwifoebis kontrolis qveS myofi teritoria, 2020 wlis dasawyisSi

siriis samTavrobo Zalebi

sirieli qurTebi

(aSS-is mxardaWeriT)

islamistebi da sxva meamboxeebi

israelis mier okupirebuli

golanis maRlobi

ruseTis samxedro bazebi

ruseTis samxedro moqmedeba siriaSi, Zi-riTadad, xdeba sahaero-saraketo Zalebis meSveobiT. „islamur saxelmwifosTan“ brZolis garda, da ufro gametebiTac ki, rusulma aviaciam ieriSi miitana baSar al-asadis ZiriTad mterze, Wrel da erTmaneT-Tan daukavSirebel, urTierTdapirispire-bul opoziciur Zalebze, rogorc islamis-tebze, ise e. w. „demokratebze“.

teroristuli warmonaqmni erayisa da si-riis teritoriaze faqtobrivad daamarcxes adgilobrivi qurTebis gasamxedroebulma nawilebma, amerikis armiis daxmarebiT, da erayis Siiturma Zalebma, romelTac iranis „islamuri revoluciis mcvelTa“ nawilebi exmarebodnen.

„islamuri saxelmwifos“ fanatikosma mebrZolebma faqtobrivi genocidi mouwyes adgilobriv iezid da qristian mosaxleo-bas, gaanadgures miwaze ganlagebuli da mu-zeumebSi daculi „warmarTuli“ istoriuli Zeglebi, romlebic evropelma, erayelma, si-rielma arqeologebma da sxva mecnierebma msoflios SeunarCunes. magaliTad, siriaSi „islamurma saxelmwifom“ gaanadgura berZ-nul-romauli palmiras naqalaqari.

qurTi mebrZoli qalebi siriis samoqalaqo omSi

12

islamuri saxelmwifos mebrZolebi maT mier aRebul qalaq rakaSi, 2014

geopolitika

damasko

deraa

tulul al-safa

palmira

deir ez-zori

raka

kamiSli

manbiji

alepo

afrini jarablusi

tel-abiadi

ras al-aini

kuneitra

tartusi

xmeimimi

TurqeTis armia da TurqeTis

mxardamWeri meamboxe Zalebi

raka

el-hasaqa mosuli

sinjari

kobani

alepo

erayi

irani

TurqeTi

siria

homsi

erbili

kirkuki

baiji

haditael-qaimi

ramadifaluja

baRdadidamasko

dair el-zavri

siriis konfliqtSi CarTva kremlis So-rsmimavali geopolitikuri miznis nawilad moCans: mas unda samxedro TvalsazrisiT damkvidrdes xmelTaSua zRvis auzSi. 2015 wels kremlma uvadod miiRo xmeimimis sam-xedro-sahaero baza, xolo 2017 wlidan, 49 wlis vadiT – farTobi siriis tartusis nav-sadgurSi, sadac ukve sabWoTa periodidan arsebobda ruseTis samxedro-sazRvao Za-lebis materialur-teqnikuri uzrunvelyo-fisa da SekeTebis punqti. formalurad tar-tusSi baza ar aris, radgan is sakmaod mcire zomisaa, magram „punqti“ ruseTis flotis-aTvis jerjerobiT sakmarisia. siriis sam-xedro konfliqti saSualebas aZlevs rus-eTs sabrZolo viTarebaSi gamoscados axali SeiaraReba da kargad gawvrTnas Tavisi of-icrebi da rigiTi Semadgenloba.

„islamuri saxelmwifo“ maqsimaluri gafarToebis dros, 2016 wlis dasawyisSi

`islamuri saxelmwifos~ uSualo kontrolis qveS

kremls damaskoSi esaWiroeba masze da-mokidebuli reJimi, romelsac jer kidev 2005 wels Camoawera sabWoTa kavSiris dro-indeli 13,4 miliardi dolaris odenobis va-lis 73 procenti da axlac amaragebs samxed-ro SeiaraRebiT.

ruseTs xels ar aZlevs dapirispireba is-raelTan da saTanado zomebs iRebs, raTa Ta-vidan aicilos ori qveynis samxedro aviaci-is urTierTSexla siriis sahaero sivrceSi.

siriis konfliqtSi Cabmuli ruseTis taqtikuri mokavSire gaxda Siituri iranis islamuri respublika, romelic ibrZvis ro-gorc sunitebis mier daarsebuli „islamuri saxelmwifos“ winaaRmdeg, ise sakuTari in-teresebisaTvis siriaSi. ruseTs da irans si-riaSi aqvT ara saerTo, aramed „paralelu-ri“ miznebi. Teiranis saboloo mizania liba-nis navsadgurebamde saimedo satransporto wvdomis miReba, rac lojistikurad advili gansaxorcielebeli ar aris. amisaTvis irani mWidrod TanamSromlobs siriis mmarTvel reJimTan da libanis Siitur organizacia „hezbolasTan“. siriis samoqalaqo omis daw-yebisTanave irani uzrunvelyofda baSar al-asadis reJimis sicocxlisunarianobas.

axlo aRmosavleTis eqspertma stiven kukma ase Seajama ruseTis moqmedeba: „siria-Si rusebma moaxdines politikuri nebisa da gamZleobis demonstracia... rusebi ar api-reben wasvlas, maT aqvT dasavleTis dasus-tebis strategia, romelic axlo aRmosav-leTSi iwyeba“.

siriis samoqalaqo omis kidev erTi, ase vTqvaT, „arapirdapiri“ monawile gaxda is-raeli, romlis aviacia periodulad ayenebs winmswreb saraketo dartymebs siriis teri-toriaze ganlagebul iranisa da proiranu-li Zalebis samxedro bazebsa da sawyobebs. gasagebia, rom israeli saxifaTod miiCnevs iranuli Zalebis miaxloebas mis sazRvreb-Tan.

sirieli qali uyurebs rusi da amerikeli jariskacebis Sexvedras

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axlo aRmosavleTi

`islamuri saxelmwifos~ sruli moqmedebis areali

erayis qurTistanis mTavrobis kontrolis qveSi

14

TurqeTs ar SeuZlia aqtiurad Seewina-aRmdegos ruseTs siriaSi, radgan mis moqme-debas zRudavs misi ekonomikuri mibmuloba ruseTze: TurqeTi iqidan iRebs moxmarebu-li bunebrivi airis or mesameds; ruseTi uS-enebs mas atomur eleqtrosadgurs, romlis birTvuli sawvavi ruseTidan Semova, xolo naxmari sawvavis narCenebi ruseTSi wava; ru-si turistebi TurqeTis sakurorto zonis

sakuTriv iranelebTan erTad siriaSi ibrZ-vian Siiti moxaliseebi avRaneTidan, pakis-tanidan, erayidan. es mTlianad saxmeleTo Zalebia.

siriis konfliqtSi baSar al-asadis mo-winaaRmdege Zalebis mxares Tavidanve aqti-urad CaerTo TurqeTi. am TvalsazrisiT is ruseTisa da iranis mowinaaRmdegea, magram imavdroulad maTi partnioricaa siriis krizisis mowesrigebis sakiTxSi. TurqeTi iSviaTi saxelmwifoa, romelic gverds uv-lis iranisaTvis dawesebul sanqciebs. Tavis mxriv, iranic ufrTxildeba TurqeTTan partniorul (magram ara strategiul) Ta-namSromlobas.

ankaras da moskovs, ufro zustad ki, TurqeTisa da ruseTis prezidentebs – re-jef Taif erdoRansa da vladimir putins Ca-mouyalibdaT ucnauri „megobroba“: isini TanamSromloben, magram Tan metoqeebic ar-ian. ankaras, romelic uSualod emezobleba sirias, uxdeba Segueba im faqtTan, rom 2015 wlidan samxreTidan mas „daumezoblda“ ru-seTi, baSar al-asadis mTavari dasayrdeni.

ZiriTadi momxmareblebi arian; ruseTi Turquli saqonlis erT-erTi udidesi baza-ria; ruseTma mihyida TurqeTs uaxlesi saha-ero-sazenito sistema S-400. yvelafers Tavi rom davaneboT, ruseTi samxedro Tvalsaz-risiT TurqeTze Zlieria.

meore mxriv, Savi zRvis erTaderTi ga-sasvleli ruseTis samxedro da savaWro flotisaTvis – bosforisa da dardanelis sruteebi – TurqeTis xelSia! TurqeTi na-tos wevria da amis gaTvaliswineba ukve mos-kovs uxdeba.

TurqeTis geopolitikuri amocanaa ar dauSvas qurTuli avtonomiis Seqmna siriis teritoriaze, radgan sazRvris gadaRma, TurqeTis teritoriaze, aTjer meti qurTi cxovrobs.

axla ise Cans, rom vaSingtoni cdilobs rogorme ganeridos axlo aRmosavleTis problemebs, magram Seqmnili viTareba amis saSualebas mas ar aZlevs. 2019 wels prezi-dentma trampma gaiyvana is amerikuli Zale-bi, romlebic qurTebis gasamxedroebul na-wilebs da TurqeTis armias aSoriSorebdnen siriis CrdiloeT sazRvris mimdebare zona-Si, Tumca SezRuduli raodenobis ameriku-li samxedro kontingenti mainc rCeba siria-Sic da eraySic. katarsa da bahreinSi ganla-gebulia didi amerikuli samxedro-sazRvao da samxedro-sahaero bazebi. sparseTis yu-reSi xSirad morigeobs erTi an ori ameriku-li aviamzidi.

palmira afeTqebamde da afeTqebis Semdeg

geopolitika

kosmosidan danaxuli bosforis srute (CrdiloeTiT), marmarilos zRva da dardanelis srute (samxreT-dasavleTiT)

rogorc vxedavT, axlo aRmosavleTis politika aRsavsea konfliqtebiT, paradoqsuli kavSirebiTa da dapirispirebiT, rac regions urTulebs mSvidobian ganviTarebas. geopoli-tikuri viTareba regionSi stabiluri ar aris.

pasiuroben dasavleT evropis saxelmwifoebic, riTac kargad sargeblobs kremli.

saqarTvelo garkveulwilad CarTulia axlo aRmosavleTis problemebSi. amis magaliTe-bia qarTuli samxedro nawilebis monawileoba erayisa da avRaneTis samxedro operaciebSi, saqarTvelos muslimi moqalaqeebis CarTva „islamuri saxelmwifos“ mxares.

marTalia, aseTi CarTuloba TiTqos ukve warsulSia, magram regioni metismetad axlosaa CvenTan, rom is ugulebelvyoT!

vaSingtonis amJamindeli administracia Seecada minimumamde daeyvana amerikis roli si-riis konfliqtis daregulirebaSi.

axlo aRmosavleTis istoriulad cvalebad geopolitikas hqonda da momavalSic eqneba garkveuli, Tundac iribi, gavlena saqarTvelos sve-bedze.

axlo aRmosavleTi

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qarTuli samxedro nawilebi erayisa da avRaneTis samxedro operaciebSi

bosforis srute