AVIATION ASSIGNMENT

NAME : S.Devendra ReddyBATCH : D2-BATCHFACULTY : shikha kaulSUBJECT : TRAVELINSTITUTE : FRANKFINN INSTITUTE

OF AIRHOSTESS TRANINGCENTER : VIZAG

SELF INTRODUCTION

I am very grateful as well as thankful for the

guidance provided by our ‘Aviation ’ Trainer

Mrs.shikha kaul

who helped me to develop the knowledge about

the Aviation.

I am also very thankful to Frankfinn Institute for

making us learn the most important part of

aviation and also for providing us with a quality

education.

Acknowledgement

CABIN CREWFlight attendants or cabin crew are members of an aircrew employed by airlines to ensure the safety and comfort of the passengers abroad

commercial flights as well as on select business jet aircraft.

An employee of an airline who is primarily responsible for the safety and comfort of

passengers during their flight is called a cabin crew.

Qualities of a cabin crewTechnical knowledge

Maturity

Adaptability Judgment

Tact aDiplomcy

Grooming Attitude Friendly

Empathetic

Sincere

Dedicated

Good listener A good communicator

Duties of a cabin crewDirect and assist passengers in the event of an emergency, such as directing

passengers to evacuate a plane following an emergency landing .Announce and demonstrate safely and emergency procedures such as the use of oxygen masks , seat belts and life jackets.Walk aisles of planes to verify that passengers have complied with federal regulation Prior to take –offs and landings.Verify that first aid kits and other emergency equipment, including fire extinguishers And oxygen bottles, are in working order. Administer first aid and passenger distress.Attend preflight briefings concerning weather, altitudes, routes, emergency procedures,Crew coordination, lengths of flights, food and beverage services offered, and numbers of passengers. Prepare passengers and aircraft for landing, following procedures.Determine special assistance need s of passengers such as small children , the elderly,Or disabled persons.Check to ensure that food, beverages, blankets, reading material, emergency Equipment, and other supplies are abroad and are in adequate supply.Reassure passengers when situations such as turbulence are encountered.

CABIN CREW ROUTINE FOR AN INTER NATIONAL FLIGHT FROM SIGN TIME

UNTIL SIGN OUT.

The primary role of a flight attendant is to ensure passenger safety. Prior to each flight a safety check is conducted to ensure all equipment such as life-vests, torches (flashlights) and firefighting equipment are on board, in the right quantity, and in proper condition. Any unserviceable or missing items must be reported and rectified prior to takeoff.

Primary checking

A cabin crew member is the first to greet passengers as they board the plane. A cabin crew member assists passengers with storage of extra baggage, checking tickets while boarding, answering any last-minute flight questions, locating passenger's seats and providing additional accommodations for passengers with disabilities as well as customers with small children.

Greet passengers

Pre-flight dutiesCarrying out pre-flight duties, including checking the safety equipment, ensuring the aircraft is clean and tidy, ensuring that information in the seat pockets is up to date and that all meals and stock are on board.

Handle safety flight proceduresHandling flight safety procedures and instructing passengers of all

flight emergency measures, such as locating emergency exits and airplane safety devices, are the most important duties of a cabin crew member. A cabin crew member is responsible for ensuring the safety of passengers during the flight and is trained extensively in emergency flight evacuations and medical procedures.

Secure thingsInforming passengers of the aircraft safety procedures and ensuring that all hand luggage is securely stored away.checking all passenger seat belts and galleys are secure prior to take-off.

In flight announcementsMaking announcements on behalf of the pilot

and answering passenger questions during the flight.

Serve beverages and foodA cabin crew member offers in-flight beverage and food service to passengers by taking food orders, serving drinks and ensuring that passengers with requests for special needs or particular dietsupplements are taken care of before flight. Depending on whether a cabin crew member is assigned to an international or domestic flight, a cabin crew member may serve snacks, breakfast, lunch or dinner.

In-Flight Meals

S.NO CODE NAME OF MEAL DESCRIPTION

1. AVML Hindu / Indian Vegetarian Meal

Spicy vegetarian combinations, with limited use of dairy products.

2. BBML Baby Meal One junior-strained meat or vegetable dish (savoury dish), one junior dessert and one baby juice.

3. BLML Bland Meal Food/beverages that cause gastric discomfort omitted. Low fat food items with low dietary fibre/residue.

4. CHML Child Meal Food items generally enjoyed by children, such as hamburgers, sausages and fish fingers, served in a specially designed meal box.

5. DBML Diabetic Meal With complex carbohydrates, high fibre, low fat and calories, it is suitable for both non-insulin and insulin dependent diabetics.

6. FPML Fruit Platter Meal Prepared with fresh fruits, packaged unsweetened fruits or dried fruits.

7. GFML Gluten Intolerant Meal

No gluten of any source exists in food items.

8. HNML Hindu Meal Indian-style meal that contains no beef, veal or pork, but with lamb, domestic fowl, other meats, fish and milk products.

9. KSML Kosher Meal Prepared according to Jewish dietary law and purchased from reputable manufacturers.

10 LCML Low Calorie Meal With lean meats, low fat dairy products and high fibre food, this meal avoids fried food, gravy, sauces, rich desserts, added fats, oils and sugar.

11. LFML Low Fat / Low Cholesterol Meal

With increased complex carbohydrates, high fibre, and low fat, the meal is served with lean meats, low fat dairy products, fresh fruits and vegetables and high fibre wholegrain bread, cereals, acompanied with unsweetened fruit juices.

S.NO CODE NAME OF MEAL DESCRIPTION

12 LSML Low Salt Meal Prepared without ingredients high in salt, minimum sodium content.

13 MOML Moslem Meal Containing no pork, bacon, ham or alcohol, all poultry and meats used are slaughtered and cooked according to Halal rules.

14 NLML Low Lactose Meal All dairy products omitted.

15 RVML Vegetarian Raw Meal

Combination of raw fruits and vegetables along with pure fresh fruit / vegetable juices

16 SPML No-Beef Meal Prepared without beef, veal or beef/veal related products of any kind.

17 VGML Vegetarian Vegan Meal

Strict vegetarian food with high protein, rich iron and high calcium.

18 VJML Strict Indian Vegetarian

Vegetarian food prepared in Indian style, based on Jain customs.

OthersSpecial Meal services

• Asian • Baby• Child• Bland• Diabetic• Gluten-free• Kosher• Low-sodium• Muslim• Seafood (cold)• Vegetarian (Pure)

Selling duty-free goods and advising passengers of any allowance restrictions in force at their destination.

Other servings

Reassuring passengers and ensuring that they follow safety procedures correctly in emergency situations.

Re checking

Cockpit

Cockpit• The part of the aircraft that houses the pilot and the

aircrafts controls• A cockpit or flight deck is the area, usually near the

front of an aircraft, from which a pilot controls the aircraft. Most modern cockpits are enclosed, except on some small aircraft, and cockpits on large airliners are also physically separated from the cabin .from the cockpit an aircraft is controlled on the ground and in the air

• The cockpit of an aircraft contains flight instruments on an instrument panel, and the controls which enable the pilot to fly an aircraft .

• In most airliners, a door separates the cockpit from the passenger compartment

• On an airliner the cockpit is usually referred to as flight deck

CARGO

Cargo• Air cargo is commonly known as freight.

There are many firms which collect cargo• eventually manufacturers started

designing aircraft for freight as well. • There are many commercial aircraft

suitable for carrying cargo• Loading containers known as ULDs.• Air transport is a vital component of

many international logistics essential to managing and controlling the flow of goods energy information and other resources like product services and people from the source of production to the marketplace

CHOKING

Interiors parts of aircraft :-

Cockpit.Cabin.Lavatory.Galley.Cargo.

CockpitA cockpit is the area, usually near the front of an aircraft, from which a pilot controls the aircraft. From the cockpit an aircraft is controlled on the ground and in the air.

Cabin:-The portion of enclosed airplane intended for the transport of passengers.• An airliner can have a single deck or a double deck, like a boeing 747 (A380).

Lavatory:-•All lavatories are similar in design, though size and contour may vary depending on its location.•lavatory contains a toilet, washbasin, mirror, disposal units & necessary vanity item holder & drawers.•In addition there is an attendant call button, a ‘RETURN TO SEAT’ sign and an overhead compartment containing two oxygen masks.

Galley:-•The ‘kitchen’ of the aircraft is called the galley. •The number of galleys in each airliner depends on the number of passengers that aircraft can carry & the size of the aircraft itself.•All galleys have the provision for storing & preparing food & beverages. Cargo:-•Usually provided on the underside of the aircraft for storage of passenger baggage & freight.•It is consist of three parts. Forward, Aft & Bulk cargo.

External parts of aircraft:-

Under carriage.Fuselage.Wings.Tail.Navigation lights.Rudder.Ailerons.

Under carriage:-•Located underneath the plane, it allows the plane to land supports it while it on ground.•It also has the mechanism to reduce and absorb the shock of landing to acceptable limits.• it is of two types. Nose landing gear and Main landing gear.

• A rudder is a flat plane or sheet of material attached with hinges to the craft's stern, tail or after end.• Often rudders are shaped so as to minimize aerodynamic drag. On simple watercraft, a tiller essentially, a stick or pole acting as a lever arm—may be attached to the top of the rudder to allow it to be turned.

RUDDER:-

• The part of the plane that provides lift and support the weight of plane and passengers.

• The part of the aircraft, which is streamlined, and the wings and tails are attached to it. Central body portion of a plane designed to carry fuel, passengers, freight and mail.

• Movable portion of wings found on the outer part of the wing on the trailing edge, which moves up and down. These are used to make the plane turn and control the roll of the aircraft.

Wings:-

Fuselage:-

Ailerons:-

Tail :-•It is helps to nose to move the direction up, down, right and left.

Navigation lights:-

•Navigation lights are used to identify the aircraft goes which directions. •Its has two colors lights.•Red light is left side and green light is right side.

First aidGiving first aid to passengers where necessary.

Oxygen mask

An oxygen mask provides a method to transfer breathing oxygen gas from a storage tank to the lungs .

Oxygen masks may cover the nose and mouth (oral nasal mask) or the entire face (full-face mask). They may be made of plastic , silicone , or rubber .

Disembark passengersEnsuring passengers disembark safely at the end of a flight and checking that there is no luggage left in the overhead lockers.

Final task

Completing paperwork, including writing a flight report.

• The new airbus A-380 is a double-deck wide body. Four engine airline manufacture by Europe.• The large passenger airline in the world, it designed to carry 555 passenger in the class configuration • A-380 is a also termed as the “super jumbo” of aviation industry.• A380 provides more than 80% of the floor place than A300 • A380 also possess some luxury area as the gymnasiums, bar, beauty salon, etc for more passenger comfort.• Lower fuel consumption .• Noise level is lower of any existing aircraft.• Window is also bigger, provide more natural light.• Wireless Network Will Provides Wireless Broad Band Internet .

COMPARING AIRBUS A-380 & BOING747:AIRBUS A-380:

The Boeing 747 is a wide –body commercial airliner and cargo transport aircraft, often referred to by its original nickname, jumbo

jet, or queen of the skies .Manufactured by Boeing Commercial airplane unit in the US, the original version of the 747 was two and a half times the size of the Boeing 707 ,is the large commercial aircraft

in the 1960s . The 747 held the passenger capacity for 37 years The 4 engine 747 uses a double deck configuration for part of its length. It is available in passenger, freighter and other version

Boeing 747 designed upper deck .

BOEING 747:

Air transport is a vital component of many international logistics networks, essential to managing and controlling the flow of goods, energy, information and other resources like products, services, and people, from the source of production to the marketplace. It is difficult or nearly impossible to accomplish any international trading, global export/import processes, international repositioning of raw materials/products and manufacturing without a professional logistical support. It involves the integration of information, transportation, inventory, warehousing, material handling, and packaging. The operating responsibility of logistics is the geographical repositioning of raw materials, work in process, and finished inventories where required at the lowest cost possible.

AIR CARGO

AIR CRASHDATE : APRIL 13,2013Time :15:35Location :Denpasar, IndonesiaOperator :Lion AirFlight :904Ac type :Boeing B-737-8GPReg :PK-LKSA Board :108Route :Bandung –Denpasar

Details: The airline came down in

ocean, 150 feet short of the run way,while on final approach to denpasar –ngurah Rai Bali International Airport.At 101 passengers & crew of 7 survied. Forty people injuired

CASE STUDY:

The pilot whose Indonesian jet slumped into the sea while trying to land in Bali has described how he felt it "dragged" down by wind while he struggled to regain control.Officials stress it is too early to say what caused the incident, which is being investigated by Indonesian authorities with the assistance of US crash investigators and Boeing.But initial debriefings, witness comments and weather reports have focused attention on the possibility of "wind shear" or a downdraft from storm clouds known as a "microburst".Although rare, experts say such violent and unpredictable gusts can leave even the most modern jet helpless if they are stronger than the plane's ability to fly out of trouble - with the critical moments before landing among the most vulnerable. “ If you have a downdraft which exceeds the performance of the plane, then even if you put on full thrust you will go downhill and you can't climb out," said Hugh Dibley, a former British Airways captain and expert on loss-of-control events. The cause of the crash has potential implications for the reputation of one of the world's fastest-growing airlines, which is fighting to be removed from a European Union safety black list even as it buys record volumes of Airbus and Boeing jets.According to initial pilot debriefings, details of which have been described to Reuters, flight JT-904 was on an eastwards approach to Bali's Ngurah Rai Airport at mid-afternoon on Saturday following a normal flight from Bandung, West Java.

Bibliography

• www.Google.com• www.wikepedia.com• Aviation module from frank Finn• Aviation times

Declaration

I, Devendra reddy here by declare that all the above work has been done by myself.

CONCLUSIONNow a days aviation industry become so promising that it becomes a part of our life. I think this class has given us a lot of information about this industry, which will certainly help us in our future. Thank you.