Availability of woody biomass for European forests Prof. Dr. Udo Mantau Zentrum Holzwirtschaft...
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Transcript of Availability of woody biomass for European forests Prof. Dr. Udo Mantau Zentrum Holzwirtschaft...
Availability of woody biomass
for European forests
Prof. Dr. Udo MantauZentrum HolzwirtschaftUniversität Hamburg
Mantau: Availability of EU woody biomass
CONTENT
1 Wood resource balance – woody biomass overview
2 Resources flows
3 Resources flow developments
4 Sustainability and carbon sequestration in resources
10.04.23 2
Mantau: Availability of EU woody biomass
sources uses
industrial roundwood(logs)
416
469 material use
358 energy uses
other forest wood and bark 110
chips, particles & residues 120
other woody biomass 158
balancing adjustment 23
total 827 827 total
„Wood resource balance“ - overview
Wood resource balance Europe (EU/EFTA) (in M. m³(e)) 2007 - actual use
Source: Mantau / Steierer / Hetsch /Prins (2008) ; Steierer (2009)
Round wood equivalent m³(e)(solid cubic meter equivalent):How much solid cubic meterof wood is transfered from one sector to another?
10.04.23 3
1
Mantau: Stoffliche und energetische Verwendung
sources uses
logs 416 195 sawmill industry
other coarse woodforest rest wood
100 180 pulp industry
78 panel industry
bark 10 16 other material uses +)
woody biom. outside forest *) 14 12 wood based fuel industry **)
chips, particles & residues 120
346
black liquor*) 75 biomass power plants
post consumer wood 55 private households
energy products **) 14 other energy uses ++)
balancing adjustment 23
total 827 827 total
43% energetische Nutzung
1
65 % primary wood fibre
*) e.g. landscape care wood and short rotation plantations; **) e.g. pellets, briquettes; +) e.g. veneer, insulating boardsSource: Steierer (2009) Euwood-project State of the Art report
10.04.23 4
„Wood resource balance“ - overview
Europe (EU/EFTA) (in M. m³) 2007 - actual use
30.05.2008 5
sources uses
[ mio. m³] [ mio. m³]
industrial Roundwood 100 100 sawmill industrys
industrial Roundwood - unrep. 20 panel industry
fuelwood – JFSQ 10 pulp industry
fuelwood – unrep. other physical utilization
bark 10 wood fuel industry
used logging residues 5 power and heat
woody biomass outside forest 4 industrial internal
chips, particles & residues 40 5 private households
pulp production co-products 4 undifferentiated energy use
recovered wood
processed wood fuel 10
∑ total sources in example: 154 100% 100% 154 ∑ total uses
„Wood resource balance“ - overview
Cascade uses - example
cascade factor of wood resource balance for Europe on primary biomass: 1,53
2
Mantau: Concept of the national wood resource balance08-03-16 6
Calculation of real cuttings based on utilized amounts Germany in M m³ (2005)
Energy plants > 1MW
0.840 1.2%
Energy plants < 1MW
3.463 4.9%
households14.214 20.3%
Recorded availability (RA)
56.946 77.8%
Total availability (TA)
73.204 100.0%
Unrecorded availability (UA)
16.258 22.2%
Change in Stock (CiS)
-0.036 0.0%
Import (Im)
2.820 3.9%
Export (Ex)
6.070 8.3%
Calc. domestic availability (CDA)
69.990 100.0%Pulp industry
6.184 8.8%
Panel industry
7.470 10.7%
Sawmill industry
37.234 53.2%
Other material uses *)
0.585 0.8%
Other energy uses0.000 0.0%
Resource flows
TA = CDA + (Ex – Im) + ΔCiS UA = TA - RA
Consumption (CDA) = (RA + UA) + (Im – Ex) + ΔCiS where (RA = production when UA = 0)
2
Mantau: Availability of EU woody biomass
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
in Mio. m³ - comparing
saw mill industry
panel industry
pulp industry
others
3
10.04.23 7
Source: Mantau, Szenarien 2008-2012
Resource flow developments
For time series of traditional resource flows official statistics are normally quite useful Example for Germany in M m³
Mantau: Concept of the national wood resource balance08-03-16 8
Creating time series in undocumented sectors (e.g. energy uses of woody biomass)Few empirical information – many assumtionssolution: openess in assumptions
1987 7,424 65,8% 7,9% 3,4% 6,0% 14,4% 2,5% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 100%1988 7,492 0,9% 65,8% 7,9% 3,4% 6,0% 14,4% 2,5% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 100%1989 7,560 0,9% 65,8% 7,9% 3,4% 6,0% 14,4% 2,5% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 100%1990 10,323 36,5% 65,8% 7,9% 3,4% 6,0% 14,4% 2,5% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 100%1991 10,416 0,9% 65,8% 7,9% 3,4% 6,0% 14,4% 2,5% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 100%1992 10,511 0,9% 65,8% 7,9% 3,4% 6,0% 14,4% 2,5% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 100%1993 10,607 0,9% 65,8% 7,9% 3,4% 6,0% 14,4% 2,5% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 100%1994 10,703 0,9% 77,1% 65,8% 7,9% 3,4% 6,0% 14,4% 2,5% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 100%1995 10,800 0,9% 78,5% 67,0% 8,1% 3,4% 5,5% 13,1% 2,6% 0,1% 0,0% 0,0% 0,3% 100%1996 10,898 0,9% 79,9% 68,2% 8,2% 3,5% 4,9% 11,8% 2,6% 0,1% 0,1% 0,0% 0,5% 100%1997 10,997 0,9% 81,4% 69,4% 8,4% 3,6% 4,4% 10,5% 2,6% 0,2% 0,1% 0,0% 0,8% 100%1998 11,097 0,9% 82,8% 70,6% 8,5% 3,6% 3,8% 9,2% 2,7% 0,3% 0,1% 0,1% 1,1% 100%1999 11,198 0,9% 84,2% 71,9% 8,7% 3,7% 3,3% 7,9% 2,7% 0,3% 0,2% 0,1% 1,3% 100%2000 11,300 0,9% 85,6% 73,1% 8,8% 3,7% 2,7% 6,6% 2,8% 0,4% 0,2% 0,1% 1,6% 100%2001 11,865 5,0% 84,6% 72,2% 8,7% 3,7% 2,9% 6,9% 2,8% 0,5% 0,4% 0,1% 2,0% 100%2002 12,458 5,0% 83,6% 71,3% 8,6% 3,6% 3,0% 7,1% 2,8% 0,6% 0,6% 0,1% 2,3% 100%2003 13,393 7,5% 82,5% 70,4% 8,5% 3,6% 3,1% 7,4% 2,8% 0,7% 0,7% 0,1% 2,7% 100%2004 14,732 10,0% 81,5% 69,5% 8,4% 3,6% 3,2% 7,7% 2,8% 0,8% 0,9% 0,1% 3,1% 100%2005 20,703 40,5% 80,4% 68,7% 8,3% 3,5% 3,3% 7,9% 2,8% 0,9% 1,1% 0,1% 3,5% 100%
Total [Mio. m³]
fuelwood. total
SMBP Sägew.
SMPB briquettes
RateSum
%others
Anteile (Originalsortimente) [%]fuelwood garden
fuelwoodLCW
fuelwood forest
post cons.
SMBP pellets
SMPB chips
SMBP dust
SOURCE: MANTAU, U.; SÖRGEL, C.; WEIMAR, H.; (2007): Holzrohstoffbilanz Deutschland, Bestandaufnahme 1987 bis 2005, Hamburg, 2007, 66 S.
assortment share in %
Resource flow developments3
Mantau: Availability of EU woody biomass
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011
in M m³ (comparing plot)
private housholds
heat & powerplants > 1 MW
heat & powerplants < 1MW
BTL
10.04.23 9
Source: Mantau, Holzrohstoffbilanzen 2002, 2005, 2007
Resource flow developments3
Energy uses in M m³ - example Germany
Mantau: Availability of EU woody biomass
4
Comparison of net anual increment forest growth with consumtion transfered in net annual increment. (Yearly calculations are a bit problematic because of data accuracy.)
10.04.23 10
Source: Mantau, Holzrohstoffbilanzen 2002, 2005, 2007
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011
in M. m³ (NAI)
'Yearly NAI (standing volume) on FLAW
Consumption (*1,3) in 'NAI'
Sustainability (natural production)
Mantau: Availability of EU woody biomass
4
Comparison of gross anual increment forest growth with other changes (mortality, land use) and consumtion (m³ NAI)
10.04.23 11
Source: Mantau, Holzrohstoffbilanzen 2002, 2005, 2007
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
1987-2002
2003-2007
2008-2012
gross annual increment other changesconsumption change in standing volume
Sustainability (natural production)
Mantau: Availability of EU woody biomass
4
Wood resource stream analysis from forest to use and disposal
10.04.23 12
Source: MANTAU, U., BILITEWSKI, B.: Stoffstrom-Modell- Holz, 2005, nach KIBAT, K. D.
Carbon sequestration
Resources100%
Industrial restwood form semi finished production
26.7 %
losses and material compression
4.0%
Net export semifinishedproducts
4.3%
net import finishedproducts + unreported
11.9%
wood products in use39.6% (58.1%)
disposal after use28.6% (41.9%)
total material in disposal system
37.2%
Industrial restwood form finishedproduction
8.6%market volumefinished
68.3% (100%)
market volumesemi finished
65.0 %
Mantau: Availability of EU woody biomass
Carbon sequestration effects of woody biomass usesin Germany (1993-2012)
Source: Mantau, U. (2009): Wachsende Bedeutung der CO2-Speicherung in der Holzverwendung, AFZ-Der Wald, 16/2009, S 885, 886
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011
in Mt CO2 CO2-sequestration by material uses
CO2-substitution by energy uses
CO2-sequestration by forest standing volume
Carbon sequestration4
Mantau: Availability of EU woody biomass
Conclusions
► The Wood Resource Balance (WRB) is a tool to document an overview on all relevant sources and uses of a resource.
► Data availability of new sources and new uses is the biggest challenge in calculating a wood resource balance.
► Until better statistical documentation of theses markets time series can be derived on assumtions as long as they are openly documented.
10.04.23 14
Mantau: Availability of EU woody biomass
Conclusions
► The Wood Resource Balance (WRB) can be uses as a monitoring system for sustainability of the natural reserves of a resource.
► Depending on the existence of end use studies and disposal statistics it is furthermore a tool for calculation carbon sequestration in woody biomass uses on the basis of empirical, actual data.
10.04.23 15
Availability of woody biomass
for European forests
Prof. Dr. Udo MantauZentrum HolzwirtschaftUniversität Hamburg