Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) for Scuba

8/9/2019 Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) for Scuba

1/34

Automated External

Defibrillators (AEDS)

for Scuba Diving

Return to Main Menu


2/34

Sudden Cardiac Arrest


3/34

Slide 3

Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) for Scuba Diving

Sudden Cardiac ArrestWhat Is It?

Claims more than 350,000 lives a year, according to theAmerican Heart Association

Second most frequent cause of death in dive accidentsafter drowning, according to DAN

What's Happening? Heart pumps oxygenated blood throughout the body

Most common cause of Sudden Cardiac Arrest isventricular fibrillation (VF)


4/34Slide 4


Ventricular Fibrillation

An abnormal chaotic

rhythm Heart quivers no

organized rhythm

Only definitive treatmentis defibrillation


5/34Slide 5


Ventricular Fibrillation

There are several causes of ventricular

fibrillation including:

Electrical shock

Cardiovascular disease

Most common health problem in dive fatalities

Cardiovascular disease medications are the most

common drugs used by divers involved in dive fatalities


6/34Slide 6


Defibrillation

The application of an electric shock across the

heart muscle

Resets the heart and allows it to begin beating

normally

Time is the key to surviving cardiac arrest:

For every minute, chance of survival drops 7 to 10

percent

Risk of brain damage increases


7/34Slide 7


Cardiovascular Disease

and Diving Average age of divers is increasing

Average age of DAN Members is increasing Average age of dive fatalities is increasing

Cardiac problems make up about 12 percent of

all dive fatalities Cardiac problems account for nearly 30 percent

of the dive fatalities for divers over 35


8/34

Slide 8


Warning Signs of

Sudden Cardiac ArrestCan happen without warning, but sometimes there

are warning signs. They include: Heavy pressure or squeezing pain or discomfort in the

center of the chest behind the breastbone

Shoulder, arm, neck or jaw pain and radiating

discomfort

Shortness of breath

Sweating

Nausea and vomiting Denial


9/34

Providing Care for

Sudden Cardiac Arrest


10/34

Slide 10


Chain of Survival

The four links of the chain are:

Early Advanced Life

Support

Early Access

to EMS

Early

CPR

Early

Defibrillation


11/34

Slide 11


What About CPR?

Cardiopulmonary

resuscitation (CPR) still

necessary for survival Keeps the body oxygenated

Delays the onset of brain

damage However, it cannot reset the

fibrillating heart and allow it

to begin beating on its own


12/34

Slide 12


What About CPR?

Rescuers should provide

CPR:

Until AED arrives

After three consecutive

shocks with no response After a no-shock advisory

If the device is unavailable


13/34

Slide 13


Using an AED

Doesn't change the way

you respond to an

emergency

Use the same ABCs

Airway Breathing

Circulation

Add a D for defibrillation


14/34

Slide 14


Using an AED

Assess ABCs

Verify no signs of

circulation Open the AED and turn

it on

Place the unit near thepatient's head on the

patient's left side

Unit will prompt youractions


15/34

Slide 15


Using an AED

Attach the defibrillator pads

They are marked to show proper

placement Take time to do this correctly

Must make a good

connection Bare the chest

Cut away clothes, wetsuit or bra

material, if necessary

Dry the chest, if wet

Possibly shave off chest hair


16/34

Slide 16


Using an AED

Attach the pads to the AED Some AEDs begin analyzing

automatically

Others require the user to pressan analyze button

Don't touch or move thepatient during analysis

State Im clear. Youre clear.All clear.

Unit will prompt you to clear

the patient and deliver theshock


17/34

Slide 17


Using an AED

AED delivers up to three shocks

Ensure rescuer safety

Visually and verbally clear the patient between shocks

Remember to state Im clear. Youre clear. All clear.

It will reanalyze heart rhythm between shocks

Do not touch the patient between shocks

After the third shock, if there are still no signs of

circulation, initiate one minute of CPR


18/34

Slide 18


Using an AED

AED unit may also determine

no shock required

Recheck the patient for signs

of circulation

If still no circulation, perform

CPR for one minute

AED will reanalyze the heartrhythm

If the patient has Signs of

Circulation, support theairway and breathing and

monitor frequently


19/34

Slide 19


When EMS Arrives

Report the care provided

You may be asked to

continue to provide care

briefly

EMS may attach their own

defibrillator to your pads or

may remove them and attachtheir own pads


20/34

Slide 20


Skills Overview

CPR Review

Providing Care with an AED AED Equipment Maintenance


21/34

Slide 21


CPR Review

Find the landmark

position for your hands

Depress the sternum 1.5to 2 inches / 4 to 5centimeters

Perform 15 compressionsfor every two breaths at

a rate of 100

compressions per minute

P idi C


22/34

Slide 22


Providing Care

with an AED Assess ABCs Verify no circulation

Attach the defibrillator pads

Allow the AED to analyze heartrhythm

Don't touch the patient

If shock required:

Follow the AED unit's prompts

Visually and physically clearthe patient

Say Clear Administer shocks

If no shock required, begin CPR

AED Equipment


23/34

Slide 23


AED Equipment

Maintenance

Follow manufacturer recommendations

for periodic equipment check

Check Battery must have enough

power for one complete rescue

Run self test

Check expiration date on supplies

Stock up after use Defibrillator pads

First aid supplies including gloves

Clean pocket mask

Reassemble unit and store ready for

use.


24/34

Legal Considerations


25/34

Slide 25


AEDs and the Law

In the USA , and in many other countries, AEDs

are classified as medical devices

Requires physician authorization to purchaseand provide care with an AED

Regulations and administrative codes vary

widely

Check with DAN for more specific information for

your area


26/34

Slide 26


AEDs and the Law

In many countries and every state in the United

States there are Good Samaritan Laws

No cases where lay rescuers have been successfullysued for providing care with an AED

Protects rescuers who:

Voluntarily provide assistance and are not legallyobligated

Expect nothing in return

Are not grossly negligent


27/34

Troubleshooting and

Safety Considerations


28/34

Slide 28


Troubleshooting

The primary reason an AED cannotanalyze a heart rhythm is poor padconnection. Make sure:

Pads are firmly attached

Pads aren't damaged

Pads are plugged in completely

Theres no hair or moisture underthe pad

Other considerations include:

Stop all movement

Do not touch the patient Check for a low battery


29/34

Slide 29



Only attach an AED

unit to a person

that:

Is unresponsive Is not breathing

Doesn't show signs of

circulation Do not attach an AEDto a responsive person


30/34

Slide 30



Move supplemental oxygen

away

Clear the patient Remove the patient from

standing water

Safe to use around wetenvironments like a pool,

boat or in the rain

However, don't immerse itor spill liquid on it


31/34

Slide 31



Some people wear implanted devices suchas:

Automatic internal cardioverter defibrillators Pacemakers

Place the pads at least one inch / 3 centimeters

away from the implanted deviceDo not use an AED on someone who:

Is less than 8 years old

Weighs less than 80 pounds unless the unit hasbeen approved for pediatric use


32/34

Maintaining an AED


33/34

Slide 33


Maintenance

Follow manufacturers recommendations

Check the status regularly

Check the batteries and all the supplies and

spares in the kit

They are all dated, so you need to make sure you have

exceeded any of those dates

If available, make sure the spare PC card is in

the unit and ready


34/34

Slide 34


Maintenance

Perform a Battery Insertion Test

Remove the battery and then replace it The unit will perform an automatic self-

test

If the Battery Insertion Test fails,replace the battery

Return to Main Menu

Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) for Scuba

Documents

Transcript of Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) for Scuba