Autacoids - Minia
Transcript of Autacoids - Minia
Autacoids
Endogenous compounds (local hormones)
Play a role in the physiological and pathophysiological process.
Very short half life
Have a local action
Classifications
• Histamine
• Serotonin Amino acid
peptides
• PGs
• Leukotrienes
Fatty acid peptides
• Angiotensin
• Kinins (bradykinin)
• Endothelins
Vasoactive peptides
Histamine
Biosynthesis
Storage
Histamine Release
Allergic conditions
Release
Food poisoning from spoiled fish (Tuna)
Release
Drugs and peptides
Diseases
Distribution
Histamine receptors
Histamine receptors
Pharmacological effects of histamine
CVS (H1-H2)
V.D & Histamine shock
Capillary permeability (see)
Triple response (see)
Cardiac contractility and HR
Pharmacological effects of histamine
Smooth muscles (H2)
Bronchial and GIT
Peripheral nerve ending (H1)
Pharmacological effects of histamine
CNS
Histamine antagonism
Release inhibitors
• Mast cell stabilizers
• Glucocorticoids
Pharmacological antagonists
• H1 antagonists
• H2 antagonists
Physiological antagonism
Kinetics
Well absorbed from GIT.
Peak plasma level is achieved in 2-3 hours and effects usually lasts 4-6 hours (some have much long duration).
First generation drugs can pass BBB and placental barriers and some of them secreted in breast milk.
Metabolized by the liver and excreted in urine.
Pharmacological actions
Therapeutic uses
Allergic diseases
Motion sickness (Cyclizine- Meclizine-Promethzine)
Vertigo
Insomnia and anxiety associated diseases
Adverse effects