Aula0 Ingles Te Diplomacia Irb 70627

5/24/2018 Aula0 Ingles Te Diplomacia Irb 70627

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CURSOS ON-LINE - INGLS CESPE / UnB - DIPLOMACIA

PROFESSOR CARLOS AUGUSTO

APRESENTAO

Hi, Guys

Um curso preparatrio para o Instituto Rio Brancopara ingresso na carreirade diplomata me permite dar a sugesto de sempre a meus alunos desejososde build up their English vocabulary. preciso que o candidato oucandidata read, read, and read - as much as possible.

Evidentemente, no h tempo a perder. Todos os candidatos interessadosem prestar este conceituadssimo concurso, que, uma vez mais, estar a cargoda CESPE/ UnB,tm de estar dispostos a ler muito. Ler material de diversasfontes: jornais de grande circulao, artigos de revistas, etc a respeito dos

mais variados assuntos. S assim podero ler fluentemente e compreender umtexto autntico em ingls com a rapidez e preciso necessrias para responderas questes da prova.

Para consecuo desse objetivo procuraremos apresentar textos e questesvariadas, principalmente de traduo ou verso, com a finalidade principal detranspor a barreira lxica, no significando que abandonaremos totalmente oestudo de grammar & use of English, o que ser feito sempre comvinculao a textos. I will take it for granted that you have a goodcommand of basic English topics and structures, though. Neste nossobreve curso preparatrio disponibilizaremos 6 (seis) aulas, uma a cada

semana, alm desta aula demonstrativa. No deixem de se manifestar noFORUMde perguntas e sugestes. s vezes, sua participao faz com que eureformule alguma atividade ou exerccio. No hesitarei em fazer qualqueralterao necessria otimizao de nosso estudo.

Destaco alguns pontos fundamentais do edital recm-publicado, por sinalbastante parecido com o de anos anteriores. O ingls ser exigido na provaobjetiva da primeira fase e na prova escrita da terceira fase. Reproduzo umtrecho do mencionado edital: 6.1 A prova objetiva da primeira fase serconstituda de 73 questes com 4 itens para julgamento do tipo CERTO ouERRADO, de carter eliminatrio e classificatrio, ..... Desta vez haver 13

(treze) questes de lngua inglesa no estilo tradicional da CESPE.Reproduzo, tambm, mais um trecho do edital: 7.2A nota em cada item decada questo do tipo CERTOou ERRADO, feita com base nas marcaes dafolha de respostas, ser igual a 0,25 ponto, caso a resposta do candidatoesteja em concordncia com o gabarito oficial definitivo da prova; 0,25 pontonegativo, caso a resposta do candidato esteja em discordncia com o gabaritooficial definitivo da prova; 0,00, caso no haja marcao ou caso hajamarcao dupla.

A prova objetiva est prevista para o dia 06.04.2014. J nesta aulademonstrativa comeamos a analisar a prova objetiva de 2013 elaborada pela

CESPEna seo A Look at Past Exams.Prof. Carlos Augusto www.pontodosconcursos.com.br 1


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A prova escrita de ingls, na terceira fase est prevista para 10.05. 2014,uma prova com quatro horas de durao onde sero exigidos: 10.3.2A prova

de Lngua Inglesa, com o valor mximo de 100,00 pontos, consistir detraduo de um texto do ingls para o portugus (valor 20,00 pontos);traduo de um texto do portugus para o ingls (valor 15,00 pontos);redao de um resumo, em ingls, a partir de um texto escrito em lnguainglesa (valor 15,00 pontos); e redao, em ingls, a respeito de tema geral,com extenso de 400 a 450 palavras (valor 50,00 pontos).

Permito-me chamar sua ateno tambm para o seguinte aspecto: 10.3.2.1Na prova de Lngua Inglesa ser apenada a redao que desobedecer extenso mnima ou mxima de palavras, deduzindo-se 0,10 ponto para cadapalavra que faltar para atingir o mnimo ou que exceder o mximo exigido.

Ser atribuda nota 0 (zero) redao a respeito de tema geral que no seatenha ao tema proposto ou que obtenha pontuao 0 (zero) na avaliao dacorreo gramatical e da propriedade da linguagem.

Quanto ao programa do concurso: LNGUA INGLESA(Primeira e TerceiraFases) - Primeira Fase: 1. Compreenso de textos escritos em lnguainglesa. 2. Itens gramaticais relevantes para compreenso dos contedossemnticos. Terceira Fase: 1.Redao em lngua inglesa: expresso em nvelavanado; domnio da gramtica; qualidade e propriedade no emprego dalinguagem; organizao e desenvolvimento de ideias. 2.Verso do Portuguspara o Ingls: fidelidade ao texto-fonte; respeito qualidade e ao registro do

texto-fonte; correo morfossinttica e lexical. 3. Traduo do Ingls para oPortugus: fidelidade ao texto-fonte; respeito qualidade e ao registro dotexto-fonte; correo morfossinttica e lexical. 4. Resumo: capacidade desntese e de reelaborao em Ingls correto.

Esta aula tem como objetivo primordial lhes mostrar como The Top TenSubjects (Os 10 tpicos essenciais que voc deve saber) apresentados nomeu livro Ingls Essencial para Concursos, (Editora Campus Elsevier) sofacilmente encontrados com frequncia em praticamente todos os textosingleses: I. Function Words & Content Words (Palavras Funcionais ePalavras de Contedo); II. Regular & Irregular Verbs (Verbos Regulares e

Irregulares); III. True & False Cognates (Verdadeiros e Falsos Cognatos);IV. DISCOURSE MARKERS (Palavras Marcadoras do Discurso); V. VerbTenses (Tempos Verbais); VI. Modal Verbs (Verbos Modais); VII. PHRASALVERBS (Verbos + partculas adverbiais); VIII. Vocabulary Build-UpTechniques (Tcnicas para construo do vocabulrio); IX. Affixes (Afixos(Prefixos & sufixos); X. Collocation / Idioms (Collocation & ExpressesIdiomticas)

Best wishesProf. Carlos Augusto

Prof. Carlos Augusto www.pontodosconcursos.com.br 2


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Breve listagem dos objetivos do curso para preparao em ingls dos

candidatos ao concurso do Instituto Rio Branco para ingresso na carreira deDiplomata.

COURSE OBJECTIVESOBJETIVOS DO CURSO

Develop reading strategies aiming at improving readingcomprehensionDesenvolver as estratgias de leitura visando melhoria da compreenso detextos

Reading and Comprehension of Authentic English TextsLeitura e Compreenso de textos ingleses autnticos

The study of connectives (conjunctions & the main discourse markers)O estudo dos conectivos (conjunes e os principais marcadores do discurso)

Vocabulary Build-Up through the study of cognates, affixes (prefixesand suffixes), function / content words, modal verbs, collocations(noun + noun, verb+ noun, adjective + noun, etc);

Construo do vocabulrio atravs do estudo dos cognatos, afixos (prefixos esufixos), palavras funcionais e de contedo, verbos auxiliares modais, estudodas collocations - combinaes de subst. + subst., verbo + subst., adj. +subst., etc.

Grammar / Usage Essentials (such as: verb tenses, pronouns(personal, possessive, interrogative, demonstrative, relative ), modalverbs, passive voice, if-clauses (conditions), comparatives /superlatives, confusable wordsGramtica e uso do ingls essenciais (tais como: tempos verbais, pronomes

(pessoais, possessivos, interrogativos, demonstrativos, relativos ...), verbosmodais, voz passiva, oraes condicionais, grau comparativo / superlativo,palavras que causam confuso

Analysis of Past Exam QuestionsAnlise de Questes de Exames Anteriores



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SOBRE O PROF. CARLOS AUGUSTO

Carlos Augusto Pereiranasceu em Belm do Par (20/05/1947). Reside noRio de Janeiro desde os dois anos de idade. , portanto, pariocana definiobem humorada de alguns de seus alunos. Estudou ingls no IBEU - InstitutoBrasil Estados Unidos, e no Colgio Marista So Jos, onde realizou a maiorparte de seus estudos de nvel secundrio. Iniciou sua carreira de professor delngua inglesa no prprio IBEU,em 1969.

A partir do ano de 1978 especializou-se na preparao de grupos decandidatos ao exame de proficincia em ingls da Universidade de Michigan e

de TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language), tanto em turmas de Pre-Testno IBEUquanto particularmente.

Ao longo de sua carreira, orgulha-se o Prof. Carlos Augusto de ter ensinadono Colgio Marista So Jos - Externato, em Colgios da Secretaria Municipalde Educao (Escola Teodoro da Silva, Escola Baro Homem de Melo ), noCurso Pr - Vestibular Integral(anterior a formao do grupo GPI), no ColgioWakigawae no Colgio Bahiense. O Prof. Carlos Augusto tem, tambm, largaexperincia no ensino de ingls para executivos em vrias empresasmultinacionais.

Aps sua aprovao no concurso para ingresso na carreira de Auditor daReceita Federal, classificado em 15 lugar em mbito nacional, no ano de1976, tem participado da preparao de candidatos para concursos pblicos,inclusive os da prpria Receita Federal.

Integra o Prof. Carlos Augusto Pereira, o corpo docente de diversos cursospreparatrios para concursos pblicos no Rio de Janeiro.

O Prof. Carlos Augusto tem os seguintes livros publicados: Ingls Essencial

para Concursos A Handbook for the Candidate os dez tpicos que vocprecisa saber; Ingls para Concursosdas reas Fiscal e Bancria, CursoCompleto de Ingls para Concursos e Ingls 1000 Questes comGabarito Comentado, todos pela Editora Campus / Elsevier.



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AULA DEMONSTRATIVA

Text 1: Brazil: a BRIC to build withBrazil, which hosts the Earth summit this month and a World Cup and an

Olympics in the next four years, has been enjoying something for which youwould look for in vain across much of the world: sustained leadership. Firstcame Cardoso, the sociologist-statesman who brought the economy undercontrol. Next was Lula, the best reincarnation yet of Franklin Roosevelt.5Emerging from his shadow as a pragmatic reformer with edge is the currentpresident, Dilma Rousseff.

Brazil rose with China, feeding it soybeans and iron ore, and now has a

larger total GDP than the UK. Lula likened himself to a street peddler, hawkingcommodities everywhere; Ms Rousseff's challenge is to unlock productivity and10establish a more advanced economy. Since Brazilians are already much richerthan the Chinese or Indians, it would be hard to approach their growth rates,but there is a possibility of massive investment in infrastructure and, mostimportant, education. Ms Rousseff will need to transfer her popularity andmanagerial skill into a command of congress to set the pace.15

Though leading the world in inequality, Brazil also leads in effectivelyaddressing it. Its justly famous social programmes, an advert for activistgovernment, have helped lift 20 million people out of poverty and create aninternal market. Long receiving economic lectures of mixed quality, Brasilia hasno wish to start giving them, but watches with apprehension European20attempts to reduce debt in the absence of growth. All this has given Brazil thecredibility to assume its long-coveted role as a global power.

Particularly under Ms Rousseff and her foreign minister, Antonio Patriota, ithas assumed a distinctive mixture of restraint and independence in theexercise of that power. Brasilia has not only doubled its diplomats in the last25decade, it has redoubled its emphasis on diplomacy as the only way to "benignmultipolarity". Partly this is the luxury of a peaceful neighbourhood (which itmust still persuade of the advantages and magnanimity of its leadership). Butit also reflects long diplomatic tradition and experience of the nature ofsovereignty and democratisation. As it accrues power and responsibility, it will30no longer be able to be everyone's friend and will feel the tension betweensovereignty and human rights more keenly, but it aspires to be a bridgebetween powers and will sometimes be a corrective to western selectivity andhypocrisy.

Not only should Brazil have a permanent seat on the Security Council, it is35the best argument for Security Council reform and other attempts to make theinternational system more representative. It's time for the west, and the rest,to embrace Brazil's rise more actively and begin a more profound engagement.(The Guardian, 10/6/2012)

Visit:http://www.itamaraty.gov.br/sala-de-imprensa/artigos



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ANALYSIS OF TEXT 1

Esta anlise serve para demonstrar a importncia dos dez tpicosmencionados na apresentao. In addition,observe que o text 1foi extradodo sitedo Itamaraty,onde voc poder encontrar material para precioso paraauxlio nos seus estudos.

A) Regular & Irregular Verbs

From the text:

First came Cardoso, the sociologist-statesman who brought the economyunder control.a)Translate the fragment above:____________________________________________________________

b) Write the infinitive, past tense and past participle forms of the irregularverbs in bold:____________________________________________________________

From the text:

Brazil rose with China

a)Translate the fragment above:____________________________________________________________

b) Write the infinitive, past tense and past participle forms of the irregularverb rosein bold:____________________________________________________________

B) Discourse Markers

From the text:

Though leading the world in inequality, Brazil also leads in effectivelyaddressing it.

a)Translate the fragment above:____________________________________________________________

b)Say what the word thoughindicates, as a discourse marker:____________________________________________________________



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C) Verb Tenses

From the text:

All this has givenBrazil the credibility to assume its long-coveted role as aglobal power

a)Translate the fragment above into Portuguese:____________________________________________________________

b)Which verb tenseis used by the author in the fragment above?

____________________________________________________________D) Modal Verbs

From the text:

Partly this is the luxury of a peaceful neighbourhood (which it must stillpersuade of the advantages and magnanimity of its leadership


b)Say what the modal verb mustindicates, in the above fragment:____________________________________________________________

Not only should Brazil have a permanent seat on the Security Councila)Translate the fragment above into Portuguese:____________________________________________________________

b)Say what the modal verb shouldindicates in the above fragment:____________________________________________________________

E) Phrasal Verbs

From the text:

(Brazil) has been enjoying something for which you wouldlook for in vainacross much of the world: sustained leadership



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b)Say what the phrasal verb look formeans in the above fragment:____________________________________________________________

F) Prefixes and Suffixes

From the text:Partly this is the luxury of a peacefulneighbourhood

a)Translate the fragment above into Portuguese:

____________________________________________________________

b)explain how the words peacefuland neighbourhoodwere formed:____________________________________________________________

G) Collocation & Idiomatic Expressions

I. Try to translate the following expressions from the text:

a) hosts the Earth summit(L-4)

____________________________________________________________

b) to unlock productivity(L-14)____________________________________________________________

c) to set the pace(L-18)____________________________________________________________

d) lift 20 million people out of poverty(L-21)____________________________________________________________

e)to assume its long-coveted role (L-25)____________________________________________________________

f)As it accrues power and responsibility (L-33)____________________________________________________________

g) begin a more profound engagement (L-41/42)____________________________________________________________



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A LOOK AT PAST EXAMS

Iniciamos, aqui, a anlise da prova para diplomata mais recente, realizadaem 2013. No decorrer de nossas aulas continuaremos a examinar os outrostextos cobrados pela CESPEnesta prova e analisaremos outros, pois creio queo estudo das provas de anos anteriores nos permite no s nos familiarizarmoscom o grau de dificuldade do exame em si, bem como nos familiarizarmos como jeito do examinador formular as questes.

This text refers to questions from 29 through 32.

It is one of the most pressing questions of our time: what is the relationshipbetween financial and environmental meltdown? Are the two crises the samething, needing to be dealt with together? Or do we, as even some businessleaders suggest, have to fix the environment before we can fix the economy? Aslew of books, e-books, pamphlets and journals are tackling this thorny5question.

You might expect a strong yes from the greens to fixing the environmentahead of the economy. And in The Environmental Debt: The hidden costs of achanging global economy, long-time Greenpeace activist Amy Larkin doesmake a cogent argument for this. The high costs of coping with extreme10

weather, pollution and declining resources are, she says, catching up withcapitalism. Our carefree attitude to the externalities of wealth generation hasrun up an environmental debt that is loading unsustainable financial debt on usall.

But environmentalists are not the only ones making the link. In Wall Street15and the City, there is similar talk that the worst fears of environmentalists arecoming to pass. As shortages of natural resources push up prices, a loomingresource crunch is manifested in market meltdown.

Paul Donovan and Julie Hudson, economists for the Swiss bank UBS, agree.They argue that there is a second credit crunch, an environmental one. By20

ransacking global resources and enfeebling ecosystems, the authors say, weare drawing down environmental credit as surely as reckless spending on acredit card draws down financial credit. The two crunches have a symbioticrelationship, they argue: The party has to stop.

The synergies between financial and environmental crunches may be25complex, but at root, many economists argue that reckless consumption,driven by easy credit, helped fuel financial crisis. Environmentalists agree thatthe same consumer binge drove up environmental debt.(F. Pearce. What do we fix first environment or economy? Newscientist, July 8th, 2013(adapted).[CESPE / UnB / DIPLOMATA -2013]



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29. According to the text,A) both environmentalists and economists agree that consumption is at the

heart of the current financial and environmental crises.B) the need to understand the current capitalist crisis is urgingenvironmentalists and economists to launch publications on the issue.C) financial and environmental debts have been primarily affecting wealthycountries due to their reckless consumption attitude.D) business and finance experts had warned Greenpeace activists about thefinancial consequences of natural resource shortages.E)the synergetic link between economy and environment points to the need totackle financial issues ahead of environmental ones.

30. Based on the text, choose the correct answer.A)The expression consumer binge(L-26)is used as an antonym for theexpression reckless consumption(L-20)B)The word cogent (L-9)suggests that the argument put forward by AmyLarkin is ill-founded.C) If the verb catching up with(L-11) is replaced by stemming from,the meaning of the sentence remains unaltered.D)The word looming(L-15) is used as a synonym for unlikely.E) The words crunch (L-21) and crunches (L-16) are used assynonyms for crisis and crises,respectively.

31.The sentence By ransacking global () credit card draws down financialcredit (L-18/21)means that,A)by ignoring the need to protect the environment, our society is increasinglyfocused on profit rather than quality of life.B) due to our reckless behavior towards the environment, less financialsupport has been assigned to nature-saving projects.C) due to the scarcity of environmental fund-raising actions, mankind ismaking the exploitation of natural resources financially unviable.D)by tampering with the world biomass, we are affecting investments in the

area as much as economic problems affect us.E)by destroying nature, we are reducing our environmental funds just like toomany debts reduce our financial credibility.

32.Based on the text, judge if the items below are right (C)or wrong (E).1. () Wall Street and the City experts foresee a complete market breakdown.2.() As far as the main issue of the text is concerned, the two economists ofthe Swiss bank are of the same opinion as the ecologist-author.3.() Several bank owners claim the economic crisis should be solved first.4.() Amy Larkin believes the worldwide scarcity of resources is affecting theworlds economy.



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VOCABULARY STUDYVocabulrio de apoio

A seguir voc encontra vrios fragments do texto da prova anterior,exceo feita a alguns que interferem com as respostas das questes. Se

julgar mais fcil ou mais prtico consultar este glossrio antes de responder asquatro questes propostas, feel free: study it first!

1. It is one of the most pressing questions of our time uma das questes mais prementes do nosso tempo

2. the relationship between financial and environmental meltdown

A relao entre uma catstrofe financeira e ambiental3. A slew of books, e-books, pamphlets and journals are tackling thisthorny question

Um monte de livros, livros digitais, folhetos e revistas esto enfrentando estaquesto espinhosa

4. Amy Larkin does make a cogent argument for this.Amy Larkin realmente apresenta um argumento convincente sobre isto

5. The high costs of coping with extreme weather

Os altos custos para enfrentar condies climticas extremas

6. Our carefree attitude to the externalities of wealth generationNossa atitude despreocupada com o que a gerao rica exterioriza

7. has run up an environmental debtContraiu uma dvida ambiental

8. As shortages of natural resources push up prices medida que a escassez de recursos empurra os preos para cima

9. a looming resource crunch is manifested in market meltdownUma crise iminente de recursos est evidenciada no desastre de mercado

10. The two crunches have a symbiotic relationshipAs duas crises guardam uma relao simbitica

11. but at root, many economists argue thatPorm, no fundo, muitos economistas argumentam que

12. driven by easy credit, helped fuel financial crisis

Impelido pelo crdito fcil, ajudou a alimentar a crise financeira



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MOCK TEST(Teste Simulado)

The Fight against Money Laundering

Money laundering allows crime to pay by permitting criminals to hide andlegitimize proceeds derived from illegal activities.

According to one recent estimate, worldwide money laundering activity3amounts to roughly $1 trillion a year. These illicit funds allow criminals tofinance a range of additional criminal activities. Moreover, money launderingabets corruption, distorts economic decision-making, aggravates social ills, and6threatens the integrity of financial institutions.

Money launderers now have access to the speed and ease of modernelectronic finance. Given the staggering volume of this crime, broad9international cooperation between law enforcement and regulatory agencies isessential in order to identify the source of illegal proceeds, trace the funds tospecific criminal activities, and confiscate criminals financial assets.12(Excerpt from An Electronic journal of the US Department of State, vol.6, n 2, May 2001)

PRE TEST

1.Translate the title of the text:The Fight against Money Laundering?____________________________________________________________

2.The verb to hide(esconder) is irregular. Which are its past tense & pastparticiple forms?

____________________________________________________________

3. Translate the following fragments:

a)legitimize proceeds derived from illegal activities (L-2)

____________________________________________________________b)money laundering abets corruption (L-5/6)

____________________________________________________________

c)aggravates social ills (L-6)____________________________________________________________

d)Given the staggering volume of this crime (L-9)____________________________________________________________



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e)broad international cooperation (L-9/10)

____________________________________________________________

f)between law enforcement and regulatory agencies (L-10)____________________________________________________________

TRUE OR FALSE QUESTIONS

1. In the fragment: According to one recent estimate (L-3) the word inbold is a regular verb meaningestimarin Portuguese. ( )

____________________________________________________________

2.The word moreover (L-5)as a discourse marker, indicates addition andcould be replaced by besides. ( )

____________________________________________________________

3. The phrase roughly $ 1 trillion (L-4)corresponds in portuguese to $1 trilho redondo.( )

____________________________________________________________

4.The verb to threaten (L-7)is formed by adding the suffix - ENto the nounthreat(ameaa). ( )____________________________________________________________

5. O fragmento distorts economic decision-making (L-6) pode sersubstitudo, sem prejuzo do sentido, por influences the process ofeconomic decisions in the making.( )

____________________________________________________________

6. The verb form given in bold in the following fragment: Given the

staggering volume of this crime, (L-9)could be replaced with the expressiontaking into account. ( )____________________________________________________________

7. O fragmento confiscate criminals financial assets (L-12/13) podeser assim reescrito: confiscate the financial assets belonging tocriminals. ( )

____________________________________________________________

8. A expresso trace the funds (L-12)equivale adelinear os recursos. ( )____________________________________________________________



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USEFUL TIPSDicas teis

Observei ao longo de tantos anos da minha carreira de professor que muitosalunos sabem ingls bem, mas no sabem estudar o Ingls para Concursos. Inthis particular case, fundamental desenvolver uma espcie de olho clniconas suas leituras de certos assuntos, certos itens de vocabulrio que osexaminadores tendem a cobrar mais.

No caso do text 1, for instance, temos a expresso money laundering(lavagem de dinheiro) apesar de o texto ser antigo, continua bastante atualuma vez que esta atividade continua sendo bastante lucrativa e largamentepraticada. Quem no sabia que interest rates so taxas de juros, que

growth rates so as taxas de crescimento, sugiro que inclua estes itens devocabulrio nas suas anotaes imediatamente, junto com outras palavras eexpresses que surgiro ao longo de nosso curso e para as quais chamarei suaateno. Recorra a essas anotaes tantas vezes quanto achar necessrio. Nose adquire um powerful vocabularyde ingls overnight,ou seja, da noitepara o dia.

Para desenvolver o tal olho clnico que mencionei antes...

TASK - Read the mini text above, from the magazine foreign affairs, and,

before translating it, say what you think the wordpoachers means, withoutconsulting any dictionary.

Decades after more than 100 countries agreed to ban the rhinoceros horntrade in 1979, poachers are killing record numbers of the endangered species.In just 2013 alone, they slaughtered some 1,000 rhinos in South Africa, upfrom 668 in 2012. If the hunting continues at current rates, one of theconservation movements most famous mascots could be extinct within thenext two decades. And rhinos are not alone. Many other animals -- includingelephants and tigers -- are also facing the prospect of extinction, all in spite of

long-standing trade bans. (Source: www.foreignaffairs.org)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________



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EXERCISES

1. Translate the following ABSTRACT.

Foreign Minister of Brazil since 2003, Ambassador Celso Amorim outlines themain guidelines and accomplishments of Brazil's foreign policy under PresidentLuiz Incio Lula da Silva. The article provides a full-fledged, although notexhaustive, narrative of a number of diplomatic initiatives championed byBrazil over the last eight years: from the gathering of the group of developingcountries in a World Trade Organization (WTO) meeting in Cancun to thenegotiations that led to the Declaration of Tehran, as well as the challenges thecountry has been facing as its international weight grows.(By Celso Amorim - Ex

Minister of External Relations of Brazil, Revista Brasileira de Poltica Internacional Vol.53, nmero especial, Braslia, Dezembro 2010)

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________2. Translate the 2nd paragraph of text 1: Brazil: a BRIC to build with

Brazil rose with China, feeding it soybeans and iron ore, and now has alarger total GDP than the UK. Lula likened himself to a street peddler, hawkingcommodities everywhere; Ms Rousseff's challenge is to unlock productivity andestablish a more advanced economy. Since Brazilians are already much richerthan the Chinese or Indians, it would be hard to approach their growth rates,but there is a possibility of massive investment in infrastructure and, mostimportant, education. Ms Rousseff will need to transfer her popularity andmanagerial skill into a command of congress to set the pace.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________



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3. Translate the mini text below

A False Alarm: Overcoming Globalizations Discontents

The book In Defense of Globalizationaddresses a slate of charges againstglobalization: that it increases poverty, encourages child labor, harms women,threatens democracy, imperils culture, lower wages, erodes labor standards,worsens the environment, and gives full reign to predatory corporations. Theauthor, Jagdish N. Bhagwati, also discusses capital market liberalization andinternational migration, before turning to fixes for globalizations downsides:improving governance, accelerating global agendas, and managing the speedof transitions. He concedes a few points to globalizations critics but, wielding

logic and fact, demolishes most of the allegations made against it. Hisconclusion: that the world, particularly its poorest regions, needs moreglobalization, not less. (Oficial de Chancelaria / ESAF - 2004)Source:www.foreignaffairs.orgJan/Feb 2004 (Adapted)

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Translate the 5thparagraph of text 1: Brazil: a BRIC to build with

Not only should Brazil have a permanent seat on the Security Council, it isthe best argument for Security Council reform and other attempts to make the

international system more representative. It's time for the west, and the rest,to embrace Brazil's rise more actively and begin a more profound engagement.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________



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ANSWERS & COMMENTS

ANALYSIS OF TEXT 1

A) Regular & Irregular Verbs

First came Cardoso, the sociologist-statesman who brought the economyunder control. (Primeiramente veio Cardoso, o socilogo-estadista, que colocoua economia sob controle)b)infinitive, past tense and past participle forms of the irregular verbs in bold:to come (came, come)& to bring (brought, brought)

Brazil rose with China (O Brasil cresceu junto com a China)b)Infinitive, past tense and past participle forms of the irregular verb roseinbold: to rise (rose, risen)

B) Discourse Markers

Though leading the world in inequality, Brazil also leads in effectivelyaddressing it.Embora o Brasil seja lder mundial em desigualdade, tambm lidera noenfrentar a desigualdade efetivamente.

b)As a discourse markerthoughindica neste caso contraste.C) Verb Tenses

All this has givenBrazil the credibility to assume its long-coveted role as aglobal power

Tudo isto deu ao Brasil a credibilidade para assumir seu papel h muitoambicionadob)The verb tenseused by the author in the fragment above is the presentperfect simple.

D) Modal Verbs

Partly this is the luxury of a peaceful neighbourhood (which it must stillpersuade of the advantages and magnanimity of its leadership)Em parte este um luxo de uma vizinhana pacfica (vizinhana essa a quem tem deconvencer das vantagens e de sua liderana magnnima)b) The modal verb must indica no fragmento supra alguma coisa que indispensvel que se faa.



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Not only should Brazil have a permanent seat on the Security Council

O Brasil no somente deve ter um assento permanente no Conselho de Seguranab)The modal verb shouldindica algo que melhor que se tenha.

E) Phrasal Verbs

(Brazil) has been enjoying something for which you wouldlook for in vainacross much of the world: sustained leadership(O Brasil) vem desfrutando de algo por que grande parte do mundo procuraem vo: liderana sustentvel.

b)O phrasal verb look forsignificaprocurar,no fragmento acima.

F) Prefixes and Suffixes

Partly this is the luxury of a peacefulneighbourhoodEm parte este um luxo de uma vizinhana pacficab) the adjective peaceful (pacfico/a) and the noun neighbourhood(vizinhana) foram formadas atravs do acrscimo do suffix FUL aosubstantivo peace (paz) e pelo acrscimo do suffixHOOD ao substantivoneighbor (vizinho/a). Observe que temos um caso de spelling differenceaqui. Enquanto os norte-americanos grafam a palavra vizinho assim:

neighbor, os britnicos preferem a forma neighbour. Mesmo caso de:favor (US)& favour UK),colour (UK) &color (US).

G) Collocation & Idiomatic Expressions

I. Try to translate the following expressions from the text:

a) hosts the Earth summitsedia a conferncia de cpula da Terra

b) to unlock productivity

destravar a produtividadec) to set the pace

ditar o ritmod) lift 20 million people out of poverty

tirar da pobreza 20 milhes de pessoase)to assume its long-coveted role

assumir seu papel h muito ambicionadof)As it accrues power and responsibility

medida que acumula poder e responsabilidadeg) begin a more profound engagement

estabelecer um comprometimento mais profundo



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A WORD ABOUT COLLOCATION

Honestly, acredito que todos esses tpicos sejam de fundamentalimportncia. Quem poder ler um texto original em ingls com fluncia se noconhecer os principais verb tenses, modal verbs, discourse markers? Semo conhecimento dos principais false friends, dos principais phrasal verbs, damaioria dos suffixes & prefixes- tudo isto imprescindvel, certo?

Todavia, a meu ver, ao fascinante estudo de Collocationque voc deverdar maior ateno. S para citar alguns dos exemplos vistos: host thesummit meeting (sediar a reunio de cpula) onde o verbo regular to hostse apresenta como um dos verbos that collocate with noun meeting; set

the pace(estabelecer, ditar o ritmo), onde o verbo irregular to set(set, set) um dos verbos that collocate with noun pace.

O estudo de Collocationtem a ver com natural English, o ingls falado eaceito pelos native speakers, to importante quando se tem de escrever umaredao num concurso to demandante. Permita-me reproduzir um trecho domeu livro Practicing Collocation.

Essentially, collocations are combinations of words that are likely to occurtogether. Broadly speaking, prepositions following nouns, adjectives and

verbs, e.g. the need for, worthy of, insist on, can be viewed ascollocations. Two/three word verbs, e.g. put off, call down, get away withcould be considered collocations. Proverbs, fixed or semi-fixed phrasescanalso be considered collocations. One thing that fascinated me about the studyof collocation is that I could keep hammering on prepositions, two / threeword verbs and other more or less fixed expressions as I have alwaysdone. The study of collocation can be a precious addition. I intend todraw your attention to those multi-word items which have not been highlightedin traditional language studies, exactly those types of collocations found in theDictionary of Selected Collocations (DOSC)

Adjective + noun a tricky question, his/her heavy accentVerb + noun make mistakes, do harm , have an insightNoun + verb disaster struck, darkness fell, sales slumpedVerb + adjective + noun play a dissonant note, grab an opportunityVerb + adverb speak fluently, talk freelyAdverb + verb hardly recognize, completely forgotAdverb +adjective enthusiastically applauded, wisely advised

Therefore, desde j, sugiro que voc adquira o Dictionary of Selected

Collocations- LTP(Language Teaching Publications). Its invaluable!Prof. Carlos Augusto www.pontodosconcursos.com.br 19


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ANSWERS & COMMENTS

A LOOK AT PAST EXAMS

29. A De acordo com o texto, both environmentalists and economistsagree that consumption is at the heart of the current financial andenvironmental crises (tanto ambientalistas quanto economistas concordamque o consumo est no corao da atual crise financeira e ambiental).Traduzindo as demais opes: em B,the need to understand the currentcapitalist crisis is urging environmentalists and economists to launchpublications on the issue (a necessidade de entender a atual crisecapitalista est exigindo que ambientalistas e economistas lancem publicaes

sobre o assunto); em C, financial and environmental debts have beenprimarily affecting wealthy countries due to their recklessconsumption attitude (dvidas de cunho financeiro e ambiental estoafetando primordialmente os pases ricos, devido a sua atitude consumistadescuidada); em D, business and finance experts had warnedGreenpeace activists about the financial consequences of naturalresource shortages (peritos em negcios e finanas haviam alertadoativistas do Greenpeace sobre as consequncias financeiras da escassez derecursos naturais); em E) the synergetic link between economy andenvironment points to the need to tackle financial issues ahead of

environmental ones(o elo sinergtico entre pontos de carter econmico eambiental com a necessidade de enfrentar os assuntos financeiros antesdaqueles de natureza ambiental).

30. E Com base no texto, as palavras crunch (situao crtica) andcrunchesso usadas como sinnimas de crisis &crises,respectivamente.Interessante notar como a banca examinadora cobrou o conhecimento daformao do plural, neste caso especfico, o plural de palavras de origemgrega, such as analysis(anlise) & analyses(anlises), synthesis(sntese)& syntheses (snteses). Quanto s demais opes: em A, The expression

consumer binge (consumo desenfreado) no usada como antnima daexpresso reckless consumption (consumo descontrolado); em B, Theword cogent (convincente) no sugere que o argumento apresentado porAmy Larkin seja ill-founded (infundado); em C, incorreto dizer que se ophrasal verb catching up with (atingindo) for substitudo por stemmingfrom (derivado de), o sentido da frase permanece inalterado; em D, a palavralooming(iminente) no usada como sinnimo de unlikely (improvvel).



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31.E -O trecho por inteiro se traduz: By ransacking global resources and

enfeebling ecosystems, the authors say, we are drawing downenvironmental credit as surely as reckless spending on a credit carddraws down financial credit (ao destruir os recursos mundiais e aoenfraquecer os ecossistemas, dizem os autores, ns estamos reduzindo ocrdito ambiental to certamente quanto o consumo desenfreado com cartode crdito reduz nosso crdito financeiro); o que corresponde a: bydestroying nature, we are reducing our environmental funds just liketoo many debts reduce our financial credibility.Traduzindo as demais opes: em A,by ignoring the need to protect theenvironment, our society is increasingly focused on profit rather than

quality of life(ao desconsiderar a necessidade de proteger o meio ambiente,nossa sociedade est voltada mais e mais para o lucro do que para qualidadede vida); em B,due to our reckless behavior towards the environment,less financial support has been assigned to nature-saving projects(devido ao nosso comportamento descuidado com ambiente, menos apoiofinanceiro tem sido atribudo a projetos em defesa da natureza); em C,due tothe scarcity of environmental fund-raising actions, mankind is makingthe exploitation of natural resources financially unviable (devido escassez de iniciativas para angariar recursos para o meio ambiente, ahumanidade est tornando invivel a explorao dos recursos naturais); em D)

by tampering with the world biomass, we are affecting investments inthe area as much as economic problems affect us (ao interferir com abiomassa no mundo estamos afetando investimentos no setor tanto quanto os

problemas econmicos nos afetam). Com a publicao dos gabaritos definitivos aCESPE anulou esta questo

32.Julgamento dos itens abaixo:1. (E)Wall Street and the City experts foresee a complete market breakdown(Os peritos de Wall St e da municipalidade prevem um colapso total doMercado)2. (C) (*) As far as the main issue of the text is concerned, the twoeconomists of the Swiss bank are of the same opinion as the ecologist-author(No que tange ao assunto principal do texto, os dois economistas do SwissBank tm a mesma opinio que o ecologista autor do texto)(*) Com a publicao dos gabaritos definitivos a CESPE anulou este item3. (E) Several bank owners claim the economic crisis should be solved first(Vrios donos de bancos alegam que a crise econmica deva ser resolvida

primeiro)4.(C)Amy Larkin believes the worldwide scarcity of resources is affecting theworlds economy (Amy Larkin acredita que a escassez mundial dos recursosest afetando a economia mundial)



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MOCK TEST

ANALYSIS OF THE TEXT The Fight against Money Laundering

1.Translation of the title of text 1:The Fight against Money Laundering(A Luta contra a Lavagem de Dinheiro)

2.The verb to hide (esconder) is irregular. Its past tense & past participleforms are: hid, hidden.

10. Translate the following fragments:

a)legitimize proceeds derived from illegal activitieslegitimar a receita, o produto derivado das atividades ilegais

b)money laundering abets corruptiona lavagem de dinheiro incentiva a corrupo

c)aggravates social illsagrava os males sociais

d)Given the staggering volume of this crime

dado o volume surpreendente deste crime

e)broad international cooperationcooperao internacional ampla

f)between law enforcement and regulatory agenciesentre o cumprimento da lei e as agncias reguladoras

TRUE OR FALSE QUESTIONS

1. False - In the fragment: According to one recent estimate (L-3) thewordin bold is a noun meaningestimativa in Portuguese.

2.True -The word moreover (alm disso), as a discourse marker, indicatesaddition and could be replaced by besides.

3. False- The phraseroughly $ 1 trillion (L-4)corresponds in Portugueseto aproximadamente $ 1 trilho.

4.True - The verb to threaten (L-7)is formed by adding the suffix -ENto

the noun threat(ameaa).Prof. Carlos Augusto www.pontodosconcursos.com.br 22


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5. False- Ofragmento distorts economic decision-making (distorce oprocesso de tomada de decises)NO pode ser substitudo, sem prejuzo do

sentido, por influences the process of economic decisions in themaking (influencia o processo das decises econmicas que esto sendo

produzidas)

6. True - The verb form given in: Given the staggering volume of thiscrime, (Dado o volume surpreendente deste crime)could be replaced with theexpression taking into account (levando-se em conta)

7. True - O segmento confiscate criminals financial assets pode serassim reescrito: confiscate the financial assets belonging to criminals.

(confiscar os ativos financeiros pertencentes aos criminosos)

8. False - A expresso trace the funds NO equivale a delinear osrecursose, sim, a rastrear as recursos.

TASK

O substantivo poacher usado para denominar aqueles que praticam acaa ilegal. Observe que, mesmo no conhecendo significado desta palavra, nomini texth vrios outras que sinalizam, que do pistas para voc chegar ao

significado correto, e, no dia de sua prova, muitas vezes, voc ter de agir damesma forma.

Decades after more than 100 countries agreed to ban the rhinoceros horntrade in 1979, poachersare killing record numbers of the endangered species.In just 2013 alone, they slaughtered some 1,000 rhinos in South Africa, upfrom 668 in 2012. If the hunting continues at current rates, one of theconservation movements most famous mascots could be extinct within thenext two decades. And rhinos are not alone. Many other animals -- includingelephants and tigers -- are also facing the prospect of extinction, all in spite of

long-standing trade bans. (Source: www.foreignaffairs.org)

Dcadas aps mais de 1000 pases concordarem em proibir o comrcio doschifres dos rinocerontes em 1979, caadores criminosos esto matando umnmero recorde das espcies ameaadas de extino. Em 2013 apenas,massacraram aproximadamente 1000 rinocerontes na frica do Sul, acima dos668 mortos de 2012. Se a caa continuar nos nveis atuais, um dos maisfamosos mascotes do movimento conservacionista poder estar extinto nas

prximas duas dcadas. E os rinocerontes no so os nicos. Muitos outrosanimais incluindo elefantes e tigres enfrentam perspectivas de extino

tambm; tudo isso, mesmo apesar das proibies de comercializao.Prof. Carlos Augusto www.pontodosconcursos.com.br 23


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EXERCISES

1. Traduo do RESUMOMinistro das Relaes Exteriores do Brasil desde 2003, o Embaixador Celso

Amorim descreve neste artigo as principais orientaes e realizaes depoltica externa no governo do presidente Luiz Incio Lula da Silva. O artigoapresenta uma narrativa completa, embora no exaustiva, de uma srie deiniciativas diplomticas defendidas pelo Brasil nos ltimos oito anos: desde oagrupamento de pases em desenvolvimento na conferncia da OrganizaoMundial do Comrcio (OMC) em Cancn at as negociaes que levaram Declarao de Teer, bem como os desafios que o pas vem enfrentando na

medida em que a sua visibilidade internacional aumenta.(By Celso Amorim - ExMinister of External Relations of Brazil, Revista Brasileira de Poltica Internacional Vol53, nmero especial, Braslia, Dezembro 2010

2. Traduo do 2 pargrafo do texto A BRIC to build with

O Brasil cresceu com a China, alimentando-a com gros de soja e minrio deferro e, agora, tem um PIBmaior do que o do Reino Unido. Lula se comparou aum vendedor de rua, apregoando seus produtos em todo lugar, o desafio dapresidente Roussef destravar a produtividade e estabelecer uma economiamais avanada. Como os brasileiros j so bem mais ricos que os chineses ou

indianos, seria difcil aproximar-se de suas taxas de crescimento, porm huma possibilidade de investimento macio em infra-estrutura e, maisimportante, na educao. Dilma Roussef precisar transferir sua popularidadee habilidade gerencial para um controle do congresso para ditar o ritmo.

3. Traduo do texto Um alarme falso: vencendo os descontentes coma globalizao

O livro Em Defesa da Globalizao aborda uma gama de crticas contra aglobalizao: segundo as quais ela aumenta a pobreza, incentiva a exploraodo trabalho infantil, prejudica as mulheres, ameaa a democracia, coloca acultura em perigo, diminui os salrios, corri os padres trabalhistas, deteriorao meio ambiente, e d poderes absolutos s empresas predadoras. O autor,Jagdish N. Bhagwati, tambm discute a liberalizao do mercado de capitais, ea migrao internacional, antes de se voltar para as solues dasdesvantagens da globalizao: melhora da governabilidade, acelerao daspautas de discusso mundiais, e manejo da velocidade das transies. Ele fazconcesso aos crticos da globalizao; porm, brandindo a lgica e os fatos,destri a maioria das alegaes feitas contra ela. Conclui dizendo que o mundoespecialmente as regies mais pobres, necessitam de mais globalizao; e,no, de menos.



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4. Traduo do 5 pargrafo do texto A BRIC to build with

O Brasil no somente deve ter um assento permanente no Conselho deSeguranacomo a melhor razo para a reforma do Conselho de Segurana,bem como outras tentativas para tornar o sistema internacional maisrepresentativo. tempo de o ocidente e o resto do mundo abraarem aascenso do Brasil mais ativamente e iniciar um comprometimento maisprofundo.



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Aula0 Ingles Te Diplomacia Irb 70627

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