T h e N-ation. earlier letter .she had said that she some- times asked herself- if she were “the same little that used to wild in the country at home with a donkey cart and a big Newfoundland dog.” We seem to get a glimpse of that little girl when she says, after an exceptionally frivolous outing. think in her heart Jean was rather shocked at the Aquarium performance-didn’t think it was exactly the place for me; that- was the reason liked I suppose. I am so often now in the place where ought t o be.”

The letters are chiefly taken up, how- ever, with dignified functions, and a long series ’of the most interesting personages of modern times pass before made life- like by the vivid style-of the narrator. Of the Queen, and, indeed, of all the royal family, we get an exceedingly pleasant im- pression. “She was unfailing to US both from the first moment, always welcomed US with the same smile, was always Inclined to talk about anythmg, and t o understand and smooth over any little difficulty or m w n - derstanding. think she is a wonderful WO- man and a wonderful Queen.” And the iubilee:

up the aisle-qulte alone in front-her three - “It was most interesting t o see her come

behind her. . . . As she reached Wales, Edinburgh, and Connaught.

the dais she stepped on it quite alone, and, advancing t o the front, made a pretty curtsey ~ to the assembled Royalties. Then came a long procession of family princes,

German Crown Prince, who looked magnifl- headed by the Prince of Wales and the

cent in his white uniform, and the Prl~CeS3 of Wales and the German Crown hinCeSS They all passed before the Queen, and it was most striking to see her seated there. a quietfigure dressed in black, very com- posed .and smiling, yet .dnanaue, too, as the long line of children and grandchildren, representing all Europe, passea to her homage.”

A t the end of her stay in England. Madame Waddington mas able to say that “they had been ten perfectly happy years,” and, as she adds, “ten years is a good piece out of one’s life.” the last cere- monies that she records 1s the farewell dinner which was given for M. Wadding- ton at the Mansion House and which she saw from the gallery of the Banqueting Hall.

“There was a blaze o! light and a t first I couldn’t recognize anyone, and then saw standing, drinking out of the lov-

cup, with the Mayor on one side and Rustem on the other, and gradually I made out a good many,people. There were two long tables besides the table and they told me about 300 guests. All the representative men and intelligence pf England assembled t o say God-speed to the departing -Ambassador. The Speaker and

Houses) were both there, and men of every Lord Herschel1 (Presidents of the -two

possible coterie from Lord Lome t o James

the regular toasts had been drunk. Knowles of the As

there was pause, and then came the toast of the evening,. with ‘bumpers,’ ‘The French Ambassador.’ There were of applause when W. got on his legs, and I must confess to a decided choke in my

had asked him to do) very simply and very throat. W. spoke Engllsh, which they well, going back t o his early days. When he said that he had done his best always

keep up good and friendly relations with

pathy from all sides, was much cheered; England, and that he had had much

what.had pven him more friends in but much more when he said that perhaps

land than any of his public acts as a states- man, was-the fact that he had rowed in the University eight at Cambridge. Then there were roars of applause, and he heard quite

Sistinctly the people below saying, ‘He is wite ,right, we always remember it.’ He mas quite Bmu when he came to the end;

voice taking that grave t y e llke so much when he said ‘goodbye. One- heard every word. He was much cheered when he Enished . He hasn’t always had an easy time wkd hls English name and his Enghsh education. Of course, it has been very useful to him here, as he has been thrown with all sorts-of people, and could understand the English point OT view, in France they-were always afraid he was too English. I thinX when he has gone they will realize a t home what work he has done here he understands them.” One closes the book wishing it were long-

er, which proves perhaps that it is about the right length.

The Black Essays and Sketches by W. ‘El. Burghardt Du Bois. Chicago: A. C. McClurg & Go. Mr.’Du Bois has written a profoundly in-

teresting and affecting book, remarkable a8 a piece of literature apart from its inner sigoificance. The negrophoblst will ;e-

us that Mr. Bois IS not black as he has painted himself, and.will credit t o the white blood in his veins the power and beauty‘ of his But the fact is. that the features of Mr. Du Bois’s-mind are ne- gro features tki a degree that those ofthis face are not. They are the sensibility, the tenderness, the “avenues t o God ‘hd from men of Northern brain;’ which Emerson divined in the black people. The bar of music from one “Sorrow Song” or another which stands at the head of each chapter is a hint (unintended) that what is that strain writ large, that Mr. Bois’s thought and expression highly charac- teristic of people, are cultivated va- rieties of those emotional and imaginative qualities which-are the prevailing traits of the uncultivated mind. Hence more argument for that higher education of the negro for which Mr. Bois elo- cluentlY Pleads. Such education of t,en thou- sand negroes would be justified by one pro- duct like thls.

The book will come as a surprise to some Persons who have heard Mr. Du speak upon his people’s character and destiny, and, finding h1m coldly intellectual, have not been a t all prepared for the emotion and the passion throbbing here in every cha,p- ter, almost every page. It is almost intol- erably sad. “Bone of the bone flesh of the flesh of them that live within the veil,” the writer manifests throughout an aching sense of the done. to his people, heretofore and stlll. those will greatly misconceive who think that we have here merely an outburst of emotion. Back of this there is careful knowledge of past present conditions in the South, clear in- sight into their meanings, a flrm intellectual apprehension of then tendency, which is something to be reckoned with by every citizen who has at heart the welfare of hie country, inseparable from the welfare 01 the colored people. The perfervld rhetoric will seem extravagant to the dull and cold, but, though it sometimes obscures what it would fain~illuminate, it 18 the writer’s in- dividual form, it is not the substance of hls protestation, which is compact of intellec- tual and moral truth.

The initial chapter is of a general charac- ter, setting forth the spiritual strivings of the negro-to ,be a t once a and a n

481 imerican; “to be a co-worker in the king- lom of culture. t o escape both death and .solation; to his best powers and hi3 .atent genius,’’ which- have heretofore been. so wasted, dispersed, and forgotten. A sec- ma chapter takes more definite shape, tell- mg the story of emancipation, what it meant to the blacks, and what happened the days of the carpet-bagger and his co- Ldjutors in the Reconstruction period. smphasis is on -the Freedmen’s Bureau, whox merits and-dements are considered .n an impartial manner. There is an elo- luent tribute to “the crusade of the New England schoolma’am’’ In the South, which . me hundred thousand blacks. There is a n one year gave’ instruction to more than

it rebuke the cheap nonsense, of which we hear much, concerning the enfran- :hisement of the negro. There WaB no :hoice, we very properly assured, be- tween full and restrioted suffrage; 091~ a :hoice between suffrage and a new form of jlavery. It 1s conceded that a race-feud was the inevitable consequence the :hoice the North was forced. t o make.

book is the thlrd, “Of Mr. Booker T. But the most concrete chapter in Mr.

Washington and Others.’* Mr. Washing- ton’s ascendancy is designated as “the most striking thing in the histow of the American negro since 1876.” Rntertained with unlimited energy, enthusiasm, and faith, his programme “startled and Won the applause of the South, interested the admiration of the North, and, after a . :onfused murmur of protest, it silenced if tt dld not convert. the. negroes them- selves.” The merits of that programme %re- detailed with .warm appreciation, while a t the same time a criticism is made upon it so thoughtfully I conceived that i t de- serves ~ the attenuon of Mr. -Washington’s best friends and the best friends of the negro and the white people of the South. The criticism will be resented with bitter- ness by those whom Washington’s at- traction is the concessions they suppose hlm to have made, and with hardly less by many who are convinced that he ha3 solved the race problem in completely successful manner. There are those who seem t o re- gard any critlcism of his grogramme as only a less malignant. form ~ c f lese-majesty than criticism of the programme of a President. But lie is strong and wise enough‘ t o welcome honest “difference Erom his own views and aims. The rriti- cism is that Mr. Washington asks tho ne- gro t o surrender, at- least for the present, politmal power, insistence on civil rights, ‘

the higher educatlon. Advocated fo r years, triumphant for ten, this policy has coincided with the disfranchisement of .the negro, his relegation to a civil status of- dis- tmet inferiority, the impoferishment o€ in- stitutions devoted to the negro’s higher education. That here is not merely coin- cidence, hut, effect, IS Mr. Bois’s con- tention. Also, that Mr. Washington’s de- sired ends cannot be reached without im-’ portant additions to^ his means: ‘the negro may- not hope to be a successful business man and property owner without political rights, t o be thrifty and self-respectlng, while consenting to civic inferiority, t o cure . good common-school and industrial training without institutions of- higher learning. “Tuskegee itself could not remain open a day .were it not for-teachers trained, in negro colleges,’ or traiiied by^ their grad- uates.” 9 - I

4852 I t is not so clear t o u sas i t .is t o Mr. DU

Bois that Mr. Washington has made the base concessions here ascribed to him. We ’recall passages in his books and speeches and letters that point a different moral. We recall hls protests sent to the disfran- chislug conventions in Alabama and LOUiSi- ana. It may be that of late he has become more subdued than formerly to those he has worked with, some of whom have the habit of glving-his. programme the color of then own exaggerated- caution and timid-

knowledging that Mr. Washington’s Pro- . gramme 1s provisional, does not make this acknowledgment with sufficient emphasis. But this third chapter as a whole, and the expansion of Its prominent details- in the succeeding chapters, deserve the Carefullest consideration. Their large intelhgence and their lofty temper demand for them an aP- preciatlon as generous as the spirit in whlch they are conceived.

Where all is good, it is invidious t o se- lect, but the chapters “On the Training Black Men“ and “Of the Sons of Master and merit, perhaps, rarticular atten- tion. The pathos of the chapter czlled “The Passing of the First Born” is im- measurably deep. I t will appeal t o who have a human heart. It tells the story a baby’s hfe and death, the his com- ing meant; the “awful gladness” when he died: “Not dead, but escaped: not bond, but free.” Clearly the burden of Mr. Du Dois’s complaint, not explicitly, but implicitly at every turn, is made more grievous by the denial of- soclal equality to himself and his people. In -the urgency of this note is there not possibly a lack of the proformdent self-respect? If Mr. Du Bois can sit with Shakspere and Plato, and they do not wince at his complexion, why should he caTe much for the contempt of Col. Carter of CarterSVih? m y not trample on it with a dewer pride? A society based on money values may reject such a man as scornfully as one- based on the tradition of slavery, but a sockty based upon character and cul- ture Will always welcome him though he were blacker than the ace of spades, not-as showing him a favor, but as anxious to mall itself of hls ability.

ity. Then, too, Mr. Du Bois, while aC-

P S ~ C A O ~ O ~ ~ ~ BY James Mark Baldwin. v01. 11. The Macniillan co. 1902. Royal 870, pp.. 892, Many evidences uf different kinds reach

US’ of the good servlce .that this work d already rendering, notwithstandmg the im-

perfections inevitable in any such cam- Poslte book, and notwithstanding its lack Of those formal perfections. and umformlties upon w@ch our American dictionaries and CYClOPSdjas are apt to Insist to the neglect Of the-welghtig matters of the law, to the Point of l?a$n.gppm -dry, gnnutritlous, and unvltalizing. Professor Baldwin, In the pre- face Of this concluding volume (of the DictiOnaV. proper), puts forth more an excuse than a defence for one .of the few features of It .that have been disapprored in almost eyery quar- ter, urglng that the dlminutive bio- graphical notices which. he has- scattered through the vocabulary are that half-loat that s.Gd tq be better than no- bread. This hardly. meets the stricture commonly made, which was to the effect that the en- tire omission , of these- supererogatory Crumb’s would have left room that might

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T h e ’ N a t i o n . :ither have been filled to better purpose, or o better purpose have lightened the avolr- lupois of the volumes.

But -* a more interesting Question rests itself. Upwards of seventy of .he most reputable philosophers whose iervices a distinguished editor could becure, have here set down their opin- ons upon the special points of Phil- )sophy of- which they are reputed best luahfied to treat. They have not argued ;heir doctrines, since this is a dictionary, lot a cyclopedia; but they have defined ;hem. All the principal groups of schools

more or less represented in the assem- 3lage of contributors; even the idealists, whose showing is probably the least ade- luate. One naturally peruses their utter- tnces to see what impression one can de- 5ve from them as to the prevalent ten- iencles of philosophy a t the opening of the ;wentieth century; for surely this 1s an Lspect under which it may be hoped that this dictionary wlll never lose its interest.

The most prominent of the philosophical signs of the times. as here displayed- 3 0 it strikes us, a t least-is- the manifest strenuous endeavor of the students of svery department of philosophy to impart

“sclenhfic” character each to his own particu1a.r branch, i. e . t o make it con- iorm t o the conditions whlch have caused bhe success of the modern acknowledged iciences. The progress is satisfactory. At least one branch of psychology has already taken its place among the special sciences, whose array others are well upon the way toward joining. The movement is not con- iined to psychology. There is much of a scientific character in ethics; and the crit-

part of logic has, in some hands at least, come to submit itself t o the same criteria as those that have long been ac- knowledged in science. There seems every reason for hope concernlng metaphysice and other branches.

Another mark of our philosophy is the aispositlon to make psychology the key t c phll3sophy - categories, zesthetlcs, ethics logic, and metaphysics Something of this has existed since Descartes; but sincf about 1863 every student of philosophy, even though he be’one of those who con. sider the present psychological tendency excessive, has placed a new higher es- timate than hefore upon the scientific val- ue of psychology. Here was seen one sci- ence, than which no branch of philosophy in the days when men disputed about thc

was more enveloped i n metaphysical fog. whlch ye1 almost sud- Senly, that mist llfting, had come brlght and clear as a June forenoon. could it.but happen, as It certainly did. that men should thlnli that the best way re- solve any problem of phlosophy would to reduce it to a question of psychology: The future must determine precisely whal the value of this method may be. It har its- opponents. For some years after thc movement once became no stronl voice was raised against it; and’ten or m- teen years ago psychologists of the rank could dream of establlshmg thf truths of then science without any meta- physical assumptions whatsoever. Somr wrlters use such language: even yet; bui careful examination hai-conTinced the bet- ter .part that even physics’ has its meta. physical postulates, and that psychology peculiarly dependent them. If thal

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be the case, the philosophical sciences and psychology would have each to be built upon the other, if the psychological method 1s to be maintained, They must collectme-

form an arch-or, ra.ther, a Saturn’s ring, for an arch has the ground to rest upon. Whether that can be sound l o g ~ c or not is a question t o be carefully ex- amined. ‘Another symptom of the phllosophp of the

aay which is interesting to the general public is a very appreciable-reaction against the whole family of opinions that are near- ly related to agnostlcism-some of them little fond of others as any cousins in the world. A logical scruple seems be the motive of this reaction. is felt that the only possible justi6catlon for so much as entertaining a liypothesis must be that it renders the facts comprehensible. and that a theory which substantially amounts merely to supposing facts t o be in- comprehensible, fails to render any facts comprehensisle. But if one admits this, he can hardly stop a t this point. I t would seem that his ther reflections must result in something llke a resuscltation of the Scotch philosophy of common sense. Accordingly, some writ- ers who used (justly otherwise) to be re- gardea as skeptics, y e now instancing the stress put upon the light of nature ,by Gali- led and other authors of modern physical ponceptions, and virtually even by Faraday, Kelvin, etc., as helping to show that a be- lief akin t o Reid’s is an essential condition of progressivp science.

One other lineament of contemporary philosophy called t o our attention In turning o w r the leaves of this volume. It id surprising to see how readable it is-a sult due, no doubt, in part to editorial skill, and partly to the writers not hav- ing t o enter into all the details of arymen- tation. It is mnfinitely more agreeable to read than any of the recent philosophical

which betray literary ambition. Met- aphysicians are a slow-thinking breed; but they seem duller than ordinary not t o per- celve that a literary style in philosophy is an incongruity whose days a re numbered. Soon the majority of contributions to sophy will begin to take the.form of me- moirs, like those to other sciences, such as mathematics, which is no more special than is philosophy. Now scientific memoir written in any but the most severely adorned language could not more ridicu-

if it were set in hexameters like the contributions of those eminent savants Parmenides, and Empekocles. It is a tru- ism t o say so; this truism enwraps another, which is that there is suoh a thing as a.good style and a bad style philosophy grown sclence. A good style is one which approximates as Closely as POS- sible to a self-explaining diagram or a tabular array of familiar symbols. In short, it will be necessary philosophers to awake t o the fact that there is such a thing as the ethics of words, which for them should be about the most sacred part of the moral law; and the sooner they begin to turn their attention to this, the sooner they will experience the satisfaction of the scientific man’s conscience, who is faithful to his duty of gathering premises as the basis of inferences which only distant erations draw, and in drawlng .will discover what scrupulous pains have been taken to make those premises accurate.

June I 1, -19031

The (houndwork of Ye- By Malwine Br6e. G. Schwmer.

Die Hand des Piawisty. , Von..Marie Un- schuld von Melasfeld. Breitkopf & Hir- tel. For nearly half a century Franz Liszt

devoted a considerable part of his time t o giving free instruction to young pianists. This accounts for the enormous number of his “pupils” up and down the world: a list of them takes, up pages of Gollerich’s biography of .the great pianist. But Liszt died in 1886, and the women and men had t o . look about for another in- structor. Rubinstein never took many pupils, and. died, moreover, eight years after Llszt. The great successor of these masters, Paderewski, has had no time t o give lessons, but it so happened that in the days of his youth he was a pupil of ’Leschetizky, and when he became leader among the piamsts of our time, students began t o flock t o his teacher, m the hope ‘ol ‘dlscovermg the secret of his success bhus It came about that Leschetizky be- hame the successor of Liszt as a teacher of nearly everybody who is anybody amOhg the younger pianists. His-house in Vienna is frequented by a ,vast number of young ptudents, most of them foreigners, par- ticularly Americans; the Viennese, Indeed, speak of his “American colony” at Wah- ring. In many things Leschetizky is unlike Liszt: he charges for his lessons and he teaches technique, two things.which Liszt never did He resembles Liszt in being a genuine artist; mere pedagogue could not have got and retained his vogue.

Lesclietizky never published a “method” for the use of his pupiIs and others: but lately two of his pupils have endeavored t o put on paper some of his most Impor- tant principles of instruction Neither of the books mentioned at the head of this review contains anything to indicate that his method differs radically from, that of other eminent teachers: and both are somewhat disappointing because they do not include detailed criticism of individual composers and pieces in the teacher’s own words, afler the manner of Theodor Pfelf- fer’s dellghthl ‘Studien bei Hans von Bulow But there -is much of genuine value in both the books. They resemble each otbsr in having abundant illustrations of hand ,postures; Leschetizlry’s own hand having been photographed for Mme. BrBe’s book (which has been admirably Englished by Dr. Theodore Baker), whle Mme. von Melasfeld adorns hers with pictures of her own hand in various posltions. What will

young ladles say to Mme. BrAe’s as- sertion that “the planist must renounce the so-called aristocratic hand, slender and gracefully formed, with well-kept nails”? To which she adds that “a thor- oughly trained ‘piano-hand’ becomes broad- er, supple In the wrist, muscular, with broad finger-tlps.” The same writer does not hesitate to declare that ‘:the pedal, for most good people and bad players, 1s an Instrumentality tramplmg on gobd taste.” Mme. Melasfeld quotes Rubin-, stein’s saping that “good pedalllng is half the play.” -Her instructions on this topic are particularly clear and syggestive, and

are her remarks on memorlzlng’pieces of music They are summed up In the words, “Play less, t h y k more ” I t ,may be add- ed that there are plentiful illustrations In

T h e Nation_. musical type in each of these books,: ani that both w e commended LeschetizkJ himself.

and A’ocial Progress. By Simon N Patten. Macmillan Co. 1903. The conc!usions reached in this

dlffer from those previously maintained bq the author because he has altered his prem. ises. kormerly he thought that d life werf freed from its restrictlons, we should havf “a pleasure economy, and a normal ordel of progress. The natural curve of though would move from concrete economic events upward to its highest Reflection suggested that this concept overlooked the influence of heredity. “Character, in thc sense of mherlted traits, has curve oj thought.’’ Thought, then, must have twc curves, and nothing is normal until it re- veals the movements of both. Furthex reflection has convinced the author that the normal IS to be sought In a new direction. He now perceives that it is fallacious t o suppose that nations have a period ol ycuth, maturity, and old age. “Death is an accident life, not a necess1ty.j’ Bmo- tional changes must he recognized; and “thought must therefore have an emotional as well as an economic curve.”

For the development of these theories the author has prepared a logic of hlK own, some of the canons of whlch are as fol- lows- “The presumption of a general law 1s favor of a hypothesis as soon as sin- gle Instances of its operation are discover-

“Links missing in the verification of 5 chain of reasoning do not render a hy- pothesis improbable.” “Whenever a spe- :ific form is found, variations from this corm may be assumed.” “A having pa- rallel expressions in two Eelds has greater validity than a complete Induction in one held.’’ It is speaking withm bounds to jay that natural sclence has not employed :anons so loosely expressed, and that thls

may be Derverted by mis- :hieyous or weak-minded persons unless it .s carefully explained and guarded.

When man is cons‘ldered in his relations :o nature, continues our author, he is :ound to face a law of dlminishing hnce the natural produced by con- ;cious effort fa.lls off, it cannot be a source )f soclal progress. -To make progress se- :we, tbe temporary surplus must be trans- iormed into permanent conditions, or into nental traits: it is the latter that consti- :ute the real aource of progress. So in nology, acquired characters becomo nat- mal; and blology and economics are para.1- el, like mind and matter. Econcmlcs, .herefore,- may be comprehended through Iiologp, and the of this essay is bio- oglcal in character. Conscious acts pre- :ede those that are unconscious, and this is he order of nature, and must preyall-in ower life. Acquired characters are not in- lerited, but they cause children to develop

iults. The same is true of organs. The ncreased energy, and hence progress re-

ooth, the nal, the wing, etc.,,are at nerely expressions o f , surplus energy. ‘Animals do not deyelop teeth because hey eat hard food. - They eat hard .food because they have teeth. Nor do they .de- d o p ham because they go into cold re- ;Ions, they g o north because they have lair.” But as progress is due t o surplus !nergy. arrest of development comes from

483 emotions, which, howeqer, .may aid those who change their environment. explsna-, tion of these statements occupie6 much space to be adequately discussed here. .Re- duced to. a simple the theory here adumbrated appears t o make progress be- gin with the creation of a “social sur- plus.’’~ while “current biology and classical economics unrte in making a deEcit the Initial force in progress ” Prosperity cre- ates energy, aaversity Iessens it. But pro: gress-is blocked unless the strong protect the- weak. “The initial step in progress is protection, and a flow of income from the strong to the weak.” Hence, a. backwar& race or class need not be radically altered to it for civilization. Provide a plus, and spontaneous changes will reor- ganize society.

There-are many Delphic utterances in this and it can hardly-be called well rea-

soned. Nevertheless, we can heartily ap- prove the spirit of a disquisition which con- tains these precepts: “The more freely we give to the weak, the more is gained by the strong. The morality of similar men is embodied in the Golden Rule, but for dis- similar men the law of service is yet high-

Do unto those unlike yourself what they cannot do for themselves. Let surplus energy go out through your nat- ural character for the .beneat of those who have it not.”

. ~ . . .~ -

. .

and D.D., D.C.L., sometime BishoD of

Durham his son, Arthur Westcott. 2 vols. Macmillan & Go., 1903. - ~

Certain episcopal biographies of recent years appear to h a k been wrltten chiefly to show that bishops are men of like pas- szons with others. T’he present memoir suggests no such explanation, for the whole of its subject’s career was spent outbide that atmosphere of diplomacy and intrigue In which too many princes of the church appear t o breathe most freely. Westcott, though he occupied for more than a decade one of the most exalted posltions in the’ Enghsh hierarchy, will not be remembered sspeclally as an ecclesiastlcal dignitary, but as a scholar and teacher.. His earli- es t aptitudes, shown when a boy at Kmg Edward’s School, Birmingham, marked him mt for dlstlnctlon as a strident. A t Cam- bridge he was Senlor Classlc, and swept the board of the various classical prrzes and scholarships. At the same time, lest hls &dies should be. “selfish,” that is, too di: rectly -aimed- at prize-wmning, he made a paint of working also a t botany, geology, srchitecture, and other subjects. This breadth-of interests does not reflect Itself Ln the letters of thls period, which are pletlstic In the extreme.

It was during the years spent as assist- tnt-master at Harrow (from 1852 to 1869) that Westcott‘s ablhtles as - a critic and :xpositor of the New Testament text began ;o be generally recognized. Dr. Butler, then head-master, test&es that Westcott bs- :ame a real power 1n the school, where his 1ouse was pre-eminent f o r Its lntellectual tnd general vigor. For Urnself, however, le found teaching schoolboys too exhaust- ing to be combined with the studies on which hls heart was set, and he was glad

the relief afforded. him by an appoint- nent to a Cambridge cham. He was more a t home in’lecturmg to candidates for holy

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;:g “- <;,,. .- _’ $. -z order&~&ough.his~belief .in the scholarship ,: i .; of. hisJ$upils was -sometimes too -much for

: .‘. :. their self-izontrol. Canon .&Ott Holland, .r. for instance,‘recalls his disappointment at their not recollecting the* use of a, certain verb in -theClementine Homilies, whereas at the. moment they had but the dimmest conception of what the Clementine Homi- lies might be. Cambridge, too, gave him an opportunity of “closer association with Lightfoot and Hort. He had begun his col- laboration with Hort on a recension of the New Testament text as early as 1853, when twenty-eight years of age. Comparatively little is told ,us here of this great under- taking, as the biographer prefers to leave the mass of correspondence affecting it to be dealt with later by a specialist: but, amid all the changes in Westcott’s outward career, we are conscious of his steady, per- sistent devotion to.this task until the book is given to the world in 1881. One’s admi- ration of his labors is increased by the dis- covery that they were not in every respect congenial. “Generally,” he remarks in one of his letters to his colleague, “I feel very great repugnance to the whole work of re, vision. . . . Icannot express to you the positive dislike-I want a stronger term- with which I look:on all details of spelling and breathing and form.” In another let- ter he says, “Grammar I simply hate.”

After 1890, when he was made Bishop of Durham, Westcott made few contributions

* to scholarship. At the same-time his schol- arly training and habits made his new ac- tivities as a” preacher and church leader differ widely from those of the average bishop. It is significant to read of his ser- mons and addresses during this period, (whichoften produced a unique’impression), that they were a terror to the reporters, not because of rapidity of utterance, but because the thoughts were expressed in un- familiar phrases. Westcott took, we learn, no delight in generalship. He felt so’bur-. dened by responsibilty that when a dioce-

That Zeadzkg aut,‘loviiy OR htc~rzo~, iiq ‘declares Edward W. Townsend’s A SUMMER IN NEW YORK* to be “De- lightful . . . sparkling from begin- ning to end . . . full of good-natured satire, and thorotighly original. ” - .

*2d Impression, $1.26.

Henry Holt & Co., New Ydrk

A Country Girl Lo& and lbclaimed.

I MARY NORTH L’Hss the fascinating im rees of fact ”

--I?. Y. wonm. AJVo&IbyLVCY RIDERMEYER.$x..so I

DRY-POlRT ETCHING OF R,. W. EMERSON,

By GUSTAV KRUELL, 331 Main Street, East Orange, N. J.

Jirsy FOR

CROWELL’S POETS F

REE masterpieces b Tw@ Galdwell Dr. W&land from MO8ERN ELOQUENCE New England & eather, etc. Send for Bookle i! l%! 349, containing them complete. John D. Morris & Co., Suite 63, Commonwealth Bldg., Philadelphia.

.

[Vol. 76, No. 1980

sari living fell vacant he would feel greatly relieved if he found from the calendar that the patronage was not in the bishop’s hands. Yet his sense of duty was so keen that on occasion he would seek responsibil- ities from which most men in his ,position would think themselves excused. Such an occasion was. the painful miners’ strike of 1892, when ,his intervention brought the 0onflict of employers and employed. to an end. This, was but one of many services rendered to industrial concord and social progress which justified the application to him, in a chapter contributed by Thomas Burt, the miner M.P.; of the title of “Every- body’s Bishop.” He had, indeed, been true to his consecration vow to maintain and set forward, as far as in him lay, quietness, love, and peace among all men.

BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

Publications.) Macnnlian. Princiual Cairns. (Famous Scats

TL,U w V”. .gl.“y. Robert Brownmg.

utters.) MacmiIlan. (English

Building Superinten&nce. A Manual. $kcmillan $3.

. Pigs in Clover. Philadelphia: J. 13th ea. I!

Danby, Fra B. Lippineott Co. $1.50.

Delltnsch, Friedrich. Babel and Bible: TWO kc- tures. Edited by 0. H. W. Johns. London: Wil- liams & Norgate; New York: G. P. Putnam’s ^~~~.

-iiiiI~-mkaiied by Sidney Lee. ‘Macmillan. - Encrclbpaxlie Biblica, Vol. IV. Edited by-T. K.

Oheyne and J. S. Black. Macmillan. Gogol, Nikolai. Evenings in Little Russia. Trams-,

lated by Edna W. Underwood and W. H. Cline. Evanston (Ill.~: - a T--rl

Children. Boston: Gin Holder, U. F. The .Bil unitea states. Mac Hudson, T. J. The L,

eago: A. 0. M(

?hh”:‘S$+%$i$ Reading Book for

J Game’ Fishes of the !mllkL $2. aw of Mental Medicine. Chi-

%!% $‘ec%n?%ston: Herbert Jones, Alice. B1 B. Turner & Co. $1.60. -

Lamb’s Biographical Dictionary of the United States. Vol. V. Edited by J. H. Brown. Boston: Federal Book Co.

LoMye+, Ppi~al.~, ;$e Solar System. Houghton,

Lvnch. Ger *I.‘“. ,4$-d% The Fi.ehti.ng Chance. Smart

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Mehe, L. T, St&es from the .Old, Old Bible. London: George Newnes; New York: Scribners. _ ̂ _ ̂i&% R .G..

Macmtilali. The Moral,System.of Shakspere.

Oppenhelm, E.- P. A’ Pdnce of Sinners. Bostqn: Little, Brown & Co.

Roberts. W. E. Divinity a@‘Man. Revised edi- tion. 0. P. Putnam’s Sons.

Robinson. 0. M. Modern civic Art. G. P. Put- nam’s sons. $2.60. R;z? Josiah. -Outlines of Psychology. Macmil-

Sanb&n% B The Personality of Emerson. Bos- ton: dha&s’E. Goodspeed. $5. Scott, F. J. Portraitures of Julius Ckesarl Long- mans. Green.& Co. $6.

Seliemann. T.; Torrflhon, G. L.. and Falconnet. H. India Rubber and Gutta Percha. Translated from the French by’ J. G. McIntosh. London: Scott, Greenwood & Co.: New York: D..Van Nostrand

S%h, “?$ :. ,Hzy Paris Amuses Itself. Funk & smy;hy$.. $I.““.

-A Political History of Slavery.

St:u% J ‘A * G i’ Putnam’s Sons. $4.60.

The Samaritans. = Fleming H. Reveli 6. gi.50. Steel. Flora A. In the Guaraianship of God. Mac-

A Votrme of Belles Leitres by ARTHUR ACHESON

Shakespeare and the Rival Poet

With portraits of Shakespeare and George Chapman end a selection from the works of Chapman. i2mo. Boards, $1.25 net.

Xi-. Acheson seeks to prove, in his able and entertaining monograph, that George Ohap- man, poet and playwright, was the contem- porary with whom Shakespeare deigned to touch lances.

JOHN LANE : NEW YORK

JUKI? _ PUBLISHED.

Notes on the Bebre.mP Text of ‘Ihe Books of Kihgs,

For sale bu all booksellers. OXFORD UNIVJ%SITY PRESS; American Branch,

91-93 Pifth Avenue. New York.

KNE, HILL, Catski M~uw~&s, N. Y. Finished .cottage, mile from village; 2,000 feet

ation; 10 l-001118; spring water; $160 rler season. iply V. B. PENROSE, Carlisle, Pa.

FOY Side. MAINE c0As-r.

FOR SALE.-on Penobscot Bay-To settle a joint account-A tract comprising 400 acres of land with nearly 4 miles of shore front. The property comprises a number of bold headlands, fine rocks, coves, and beaches, is much diversified in its surface with woodland, hills and open ilelds, and commands everywhere most exquisite views of the bay, ‘islands and mountains. The property is on. the mainland in a central position and with a general southwest ex- posure. ‘It is within half an hour by steam launch from the Dark Harbor landing at Islesboro.

This property will be sold at a low price _ “^ . per acre, ana oners an,exceptronal oppor- tunity for a gentleman wishing a large pri- vate estate, or for subdivision.

J. MURRAY HOW’E & BRADLEE, 28 State Street, Boston, Mass.

I~L&BOkO,‘ME. * FOR SAL&-An unusually beautiful

point of land on the west shore facing the Camden Mountains, containing nearly 14 acres, and having nearly halfa mile of water front with fine rocks, beaches,’ and’ bold shore. The land is diversified with groups of trees, woods, and -open fields, and is adapted either for individual use. as a whole or for subdivision into several lots.

J. h.IURRAY HOWE 6c. BRADLEE!, 28 State Street, Boston, Mass.