AUA international delegates session

International Delegates' Induction Session 2012

International Delegates’ Orientation ProgrammeAUA ConferenceManchester 2012

Melissa Bradley, Kathy Fowler and Hetal Maniar


Welcome!

• Melissa Bradley, Faculty Administration Manager at University of Kent, Co-convenor of the Organisational Development Network, member of the International Higher Education Network, Link Co-ordinator for CAUBO and member of the AUA Board of Trustees

• Kathy Fowler, College Registrar, College of Physical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Co-convenor of the Managing Change in HE Network and member of the AUA Board of Trustees

• Hetal Maniar, Student Records Systems Advisor and Faculty Recruitment Liaison (CCi) at University of Portsmouth, International Association Link Co-ordinator for International Higher Education Network and Link Coordinator for JUAM (Japan Association of University Administrative Management)


Programme

10.00 – 10.55 The UK Higher Education Scene: History and Current Context

10.55 – 11.05 Break

11.05 – 11.50 Discussion: Global HE – Global issues

11.50 – 12.00 How to get the most out of the conference

12.00 onwards Join main conference programme


THE HISTORY OF UK HIGHER EDUCATION

International Delegates

“Institutions of higher education in the UK are complex organisations, each characterised by a distinctive ethos. Each institution is autonomous and responsible for the management and direction of its own affairs. Yet almost all depend substantially on central government funding and face many similar challenges. “


Ancient Universities

• Oxford• Cambridg

e


Scotland

• 1413 St. Andrews• 1451 Glasgow• 1495 King’s College• 1583 Edinburgh• 1593 Marischal College


Crushed Migrations & Establishments• 1238-78 University of Salisbury• 1261-65 University of Northampton• 1333-35 University of Stamford• 1657 Durham College


Modern Higher Education Starts

• St David’s College, Lampeter

• Opened 1827


Establishment v New Order

New• London University (1826) ~

later to become University College London (1836)

Old• King’s College, London

(1829)• Durham University (1832)


Turn of the century

Red Brick or Civic Universities


Universities Renewed 19th Century• 1836 University of London (Supporting

Colleges in Exeter, Bristol, Southampton, Leicester,

Nottingham)• 1838 Polytechnic Institution• 1845 Queen’s University of Ireland (Belfast,

Cork and Galway)• 1851 Owen’s College, Manchester• 1880 Victoria University (Manchester 1880,

Liverpool 1903, Leeds 1904)• 1900 University of Birmingham• 1905 University of Sheffield• 1909 University of Bristol

"In commemorating our founders, benefactors and distinguished predecessors, we commit ourselves to the cause they served of nurturing The University of Manchester as a scholarly community engaged in a common search for knowledge and wisdom. We affirm our resolve to make our University a place where students, whatever their backgrounds, learn to pursue truth through rational inquiry; where researchers engaged in discovery are also teachers; where research is valued both for its own sake and for the betterment of the world; where academic freedom is encouraged and protected; where the cultivation of cognitive skills, independence of mind, intellectual integrity and artistic expression promotes understanding and appreciation of the best that is known, thought and created in the world; and where students and staff are encouraged, as responsible citizens of their own societies and of the international”Foundation Declaration, University of Manchester


Robbins Report 1963


Growth in the 1960s

• New universities founded in green field sites, including:• Essex• Kent• Lancaster• Stirling• Sussex• Ulster• Warwick• York

• Colleges of Advanced Technology upgraded• Aston• Bath• Bradford• Brunel• City• Herriott-Watt• Loughborough• Salford• Strathclyde• Surrey


Polytechnics and the Open University• Approximately 30 polytechnics

established • CNAA – Council for National

Academic Awards• Open University established in

1969


1992

• 1992 Further and Higher Education Act converted all polytechnics and Scottish Central Institutions into Universities (‘new universities’ or ‘post 92’)

• Created the funding councils in the devolved administrations


After 1992

• Creation of new universities from colleges of Higher Education, including:• Edge Hill University formerly Edge Hill College • Kingston University formerly Kingston TI • University of Wales, Newport formerly Gwent

College of HE• Thames Valley University a merger of Thames

Valley College and Ealing College of HE – now University of West London

• York St John University formerly the College of Ripon and York St John


UK student population increase

0

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

1,200,000

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

The UK Higher Education Sector

• Devolved administrations: England, Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland

• Autonomous, self-governing institutions

• Power to grant degrees from Act of Parliament, Charter, Statute, or Order of the Privy Council

• Legal use of ‘university’ and ‘university college’



HIGHER EDUCATION TODAY



The Size of the UK HE Sector

University University College

HEIs

England 89 34 131

Scotland 14 0 19

Wales 10 1 11

N. Ireland

2 2 4

UK 115 37 165


UUK & University Mission Groups• Universities UK (UUK) – 133 members, founded in 1918

• Universities UK is the major representative body and membership organisation for the higher education sector

• UUK members are the executive heads of UK universities• Together with Higher Education Wales and Universities

Scotland, UUK works to advance the interests of universities and to spread good practice throughout the higher education sector

• Million Plus – 28 members• University Alliance – 23 members• Russell Group – 20 members – increasing to 24• (Durham, Exeter, Queen Mary and York)• 1994 Group – 19 members (moving to 14 with the above)


Current UK Context

• Devolved Higher Education System – different funding arrangements in place for England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales

• Postponement of UK Higher Education Bill • White Paper • Separate Scottish legislation• UK applications to UCAS have dropped for 2012

entry• UK university graduation rates for young people

graduating with a first degree is below the OECD average


England: students at the heart of the System (white paper)

• Introduce more affordable and sustainable HE system

• Open up HE market to Further Education and alternative providers

• Changes to student number controls 2012/2013;• Unrestricted recruitment of AAB+

candidates• 9% Reduction of student places to create

margin for 20,000 places for HEIs with average fee below £7,500

• Changes to data landscape to improve data provision for students – Key Information Sets


Implications

• Competition amongst HEIs for AAB+ students• Scholarships increasingly important to attract

these students• Reduced number of places at most HEIs for

students achieving below AAB (thus more competition amongst students)

• Change in student expectations• Change in student choices for degree

programmes


Scotland: Putting Learners at the Centre

• Scottish Funding Council – covers both Universities and FE Colleges

• Focus on economic growth, jobs, sustainability• Guaranteed appropriate learning place for every 16-

19 yr old• HE/Industry collaboration – Knowledge Exchange

emphasis• Diversity of provision = funding differentiation• Research funding concentration pursued• Flat lining of Scottish/EU numbers• Emphasis on access, retention, articulation,

acceleration and efficiency• Review of Governance underway


Students in 2009/10

Undergraduate Postgraduate Total

Full-time Female 737,125 146,980 884,105

Full-time Male 596,775 151,275 748,050

Full-time Total 1,333,900 298,255 1,632,155

Part-time Female 364,740 163,340 528,080

Part-time Male 216,070 117,105 333,175

Part-time Total 580,810 280,450 861,260

Total Female 1,101,865 310,320 1,412,185

Total Male 812,845 268,380 1,081,225Total 1,914,710 578,705 2,493,415


Tertiary Education as % of Population

Brazil

Turk

eyChi

leIta

ly

Portu

gal

Czech

Rep

ublic

Slov

ak R

epub

lic

Mexico

Austri

a

Hunga

ry

Pola

nd

Slov

enia

Greec

e

Germ

any

Luxe

mbo

urg

Fran

ce

OECD a

vera

ge

Spai

n

Icela

nd

Switz

erla

nd

Nethe

rland

s

Swed

en

Unite

d Kin

gdom

Belgi

um

Denm

ark

Irela

nd

Esto

nia

Austra

lia

Norway

Korea

Finla

nd

Unite

d St

ates

New Z

eala

nd

Japa

n

Israe

l

Canad

a

Russian

Fed

erat

ion

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0


Staff in UK HE Institutions

Academic year

AcademicNon-

academicTotal

2009/10 181,595 205,835 387,430

2008/09 179,040 203,720 382,760

2007/08 174,945 197,510 372,455

2006/07 169,995 194,165 364,160

2005/06 164,875 190,535 355,415


Income and expenditure 2005/06 to 2009/10

Academic yearTotal income

(£000s)Expenditure

(£000s)

2009/10 26,795,787 25,856,373

2008/09 25,371,918 24,939,307

2007/08 23,428,930 22,877,440

2006/07 21,255,048 21,016,635

2005/06 19,528,413 19,352,832


Income 2009/10

34%

31%

16%

18%1%

Funding body grants

Tuition fees & education contracts

Research grants & contracts

Other income


Expenditure 2009/10

31%

25%

36%

5% 2% Staff costs - academic

Staff costs - other

Other operating expenses

Depreciation

Interest and other finance costs


Expenditure on HE as % of GDP• Finland 1.63• Denmark 1.60• Canada 1.47• Sweden 1.44• Austria 1.23• Belgium 1.23• Norway 1.21• France 1.15• Ireland 1.00• United States 0.99• Czech Republic 0.99• Poland 0.95• New Zealand 0.94• Germany 0.91

• Hungary 0.88• Estonia 0.87• United Kingdom 0.85• Russian Federation 0.85• Slovak Republic 0.79• Mexico 0.79• Australia 0.79• Turkey 0.78• Brazil 0.77• Italy 0.73• Korea 0.64• Japan 0.48• Chile 0.27• OECD average 1.03


BREAKInternational Delegates


GLOBAL HE – GLOBAL ISSUES: A PARADIGM SHIFT?



A paradigm shift in Higher Education?

• John of Salisbury (died 1180) wrote: "If you are a real scholar you are thrust out in the cold. Unless you are a money-maker, I say, you will be considered a fool, a pauper. The lucrative arts, such as law and medicine, are now in vogue, and only those things are pursued which have a cash value."


Global HE – Global Issues

1. Costs of Higher Education - Tuition Fees2. Widening Participation3. Funding Limitations4. Student Expectations5. Employability 6. Immigration Regulations7. Growth of Private Providers8. Concentrating Research Funds9. Demographics10. Administrators’ status and role


1: Tuition Fees

• Brown Review: no cap• Variable fees of £6k to £9k for English HEIs• Different fee regimes in Ireland, Scotland and

Wales• Repayments once earning £21k• First cohort - September 2012


2. Widening Participation

• All publicly funded providers of higher education in England that wish to charge tuition fees above the basic level have to submit an access agreement for approval annually by OFFA (Office for Fair Access)

• Access measures cover a broad range of activities including outreach activities to raise aspirations and attainment, financial support such as fee waivers, bursaries and scholarships, and measures to improve retention.

• OFFA monitor progress in meeting access agreement commitments.


3: Funding Limitations

• Global financial crisis (?) has led to reduced government funding for Higher Education .


4: Student Expectations

• Growing expectations• Reflection of society in

general not just caused by tuition fees

• Teaching and feedback • National Students

Survey and Key Information Sets

• IT and physical infrastructure – digital revolution

• Student Services• Accommodation• Litigation


4: Immigration Regulations

• Political pressure to ‘control’ immigration• Highly Trusted Sponsor• Points Based System• UKBA visits to HEIs


5: Employability

Wilson Review 2012 recommendations:• Encouragement of sandwich degrees • Endorses internships as part of programmes of

study• Advocates enterprise skills and business

experience for postgraduate research students and postdoctoral staff

• Development of a distinctive postgraduate KIS• Assessment of the use of the Higher Education

Achievement Report (HEAR) in graduate recruitment


6: Growth of Private Providers

• UUK Report – a threat to public institutions?

SubjectFurther

EducationOther

UGFirst

Degree PG Total

Laboratory-based subjects

4

-

674 117

795

Subjects with a studio, laboratory or fieldwork element

595

852

1,434

327

3,208

Business, management and law

17,356

4,002

9,810

14,084

45,252

Other subjects

335 1,439

3,140

1,859

6,773

Total 18,290

6,293

15,058

16,387

56,028


7: Concentrating Research Funds

The Russell Group• Concentrating limited

research funding on the highest-quality research ensures the most effective distribution of funding and the greatest returns on investment.

University Alliance• Members of the

University Alliance believe that the UK must continue to fund excellence in research, wherever it exists, if we are to maintain our position as second in the world behind the US.


7: Demographics

Projected UK Population, aged 18-20: 2008 to 2020

2008 2010 2015 20201,800,000

1,900,000

2,000,000

2,100,000

2,200,000

2,300,000

2,400,000

2,500,000


8: Administrators’ status and role

• Development of the status of professional administrative and management staff in higher education

• “Any academics who think their university and all its elements revolve around them may have to prepare for a cosmic shift.” THE, 14 April 2011

Expenditure Staff-10%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Academic Other


HOW TO GET THE MOST FROM THE AUA CONFERENCE



1: Keep an eye on the time

The conference will be run strictly according to the published timetable; so it’s important you make sure to leave enough time to get to your next session. Entering a session late (say, more than about five or ten minutes) may cause disruption and spoil the experience for other delegates.


2: Turn off your phone

You will need to make sure that your turn off your mobile phone during conference sessions, as it is considered impolite to receive calls and talk during a conference session. If you do need to receive calls during a conference session, please put your phone on silent and sit near the door .


3: Network and Enjoy yourself

Everyone will be interested in talking to you, so you should make the most of the opportunities to talk with other delegates. When meeting new people remember that the British custom is to shake hands.There are many excellent sessions to attend where you will acquire useful new skills and knowledge – but make sure to find time for some fun too!


International Delegates’ Orientation ProgrammeAUA Jubilee ConferenceManchester 2012

Melissa Bradley, Kathy Fowler and Hetal Maniar

AUA international delegates session

Education

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