1. Employee Attitude andTheir Effects Presenter: Kevin DhillonHuman Resources Manager

2. ATTITUDES evaluative statements (eitherfavorable or unfavorable) concerningobjects, people, or events. reflect how one feels aboutsomething.example: I like my job. 3. Attitude can be characterized in threeways: First, they tend to persist unless something is done to change them. Second, attitudes can fall anywhere along a continuum from very favorable to very unfavorable. Third, attitudes are directed toward some object about which a person has feelings( sometimes called affect) and beliefs. 4. Three Components of Attitude Cognitive ComponentAttitudesThe opinion or belief Evaluation segment of an attitude.Evaluativestatements orAffective ComponentjudgmentsThe emotional or feelingFeelingsconcerning segment of an attitude.objects, people, or events.Behavioral Component An intention to behave in a certain way toward Action someone or something. 5. ATTITUDESCognitive = evaluationMy superior gave apromotion to a coworkerwho deserved it less thanme. My supervisor is unfair.Affective = feeling NegativeI dislike my supervisor!attitude toward supervisorBehavioral = actionIm looking for other work;Ive complained about mysupervisor to anyone whowould listen. 6. Functions of Attitude (According toKatz)1. The Adjustment Function. Attitudes often helppeople to adjust to their work environment.2. Ego-Defensive Function. Attitudes help people toretain their dignity and self- image.3. The Value-Expressive Function. Attitudesprovide individuals with a basis for expressing theirvalues.4. The Knowledge Function. Attitudes providestandards and frames of reference that allow people tounderstand and perceive the world around him. 7. Changing Attitudes Employees attitudes can be changed and sometimes it is in the best interests of managements to try to do so. For example, if employees believe that their employer does not look after their welfare, the management should try to change their attitude and help develop a more positive attitude in them. However, the process of changing the attitude is not always easy. 8. Changing AttitudesSome of the possible ways of changingattitudes : Providing New Information. Use of Fear Resolving Discrepancies Influence of friends and peer Co-opting 9. Important Attitudes Related toOrganizations Job Satisfaction - Is a set of favorable or unfavorable feelings and emotions with which employees view their work. Job Involvement - The degree to which a person identifies with a job, actively participates in it, and considers performance important to self-worth. Organizational Commitment - The degree to which an employee identifies with a particular organization and its goals and wishes to maintain membership in the organization 10. Job Satisfaction A collection of positive and/or negative feelings that an individual holds toward his or her job A high level of job satisfaction equals positive attitudes toward the job and vice versa. Employee attitudes and job satisfaction are frequently used interchangeably. Often when people speak of employee attitudes they mean employee job satisfaction. 11. Job Satisfaction A pleasurable emotional state resultingfrom the appraisal of ones job or jobexperiences (Locke, 1976). An employees cognitive and affectiveevaluation of his or her job 12. JOB SATISFACTIONSpecific ComponentsSatisfaction with PayOrganizationalSatisfaction with Promotion CommitmentSatisfaction with WorkSatisfaction with SupervisionSatisfaction with Co-workers 13. How Are Employee AttitudesMeasured? The most popular method for gettinginformation about employee attitudes isthrough attitude surveys. Using attitude surveys on a regular basisprovides managers with valuable feedbackon how employees perceive their workingconditions. Managers present the employeewith set statements or questions to obtainspecific information. Individual Responsesare then combined and analyzed 14. YOUR PAY AND PROMOTIONSWhat are YOUR PAY AND PROMOTION OPPORTUNITIES like? Circle YES ifthe item describes your PAY AND PROMOTIONS, NO if the item does notdescribe your PAY AND PROMOTIONS, and ? if you cannot decide. Choosea response for each item.PayUNDERPAID.........................................................Yes ? NoINCOME ADEQUATE FOR NORMAL EXPENSES........ Yes ? NoBARELY LIVE ON INCOME.................................... Yes ? NoINCOME PROVIDES LUXURIES..............................Yes ? NoBAD.................................................................... Yes ? NoHIGHLY PAID.......................................................Yes ? NoPromotionsGOOD OPPORTUNITY FOR ADVANCEMENT..............Yes ? NoPROMOTION ON ABILITY........................................Yes ? NoDEAD-END JOB........................................................Yes ? NoGOOD CHANCE FOR PROMOTION............................ Yes ? NoUNFAIR PROMOTION POLICY...................................Yes ? NoINFREQUENT PROMOTIONS...................................... Yes ? No 15. Causes of Job Satisfaction Most people prefer work that ischallenging and stimulating. Jobs with good compensation haveaverage job satisfaction levels.Money may be a motivator, but maynot stimulate job satisfaction. There is a link between a personspersonality and job satisfaction.Negative people are usually notsatisfied with their jobs. 16. The Effect of Job Satisfactionon Employee PerformanceSatisfaction and ProductivitySatisfied workers are more productive ANDmore productive workers are more satisfied!Worker productivity is higher in organizationswith more satisfied workers.Satisfaction and AbsenteeismSatisfied employees have fewer avoidableabsences. 17. Satisfaction and TurnoverSatisfied employees are less likely to quit.Organizations take actions to retain highperformers and to weed out lowerperformers.Satisfaction and CustomerSatisfactionSatisfied workers provide better customerservice. 18. Satisfied employees increase customersatisfaction because: They are more friendly, upbeat, and responsive. They are less likely to turnover, which helps build long-term customer relationships.Job satisfaction & organizationalcitizenship behavior (OCB) Satisfied employees who feel fairly treated by and are trusting of the organization are more willing to engage in behaviors that go beyond the normal expectations of their job. 19. Pleasure in the Job putsperfection in the work - Aristotle The best way to appreciate your job is to imagine yourself without one.- Oscar Wilde