Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders2

8/9/2019 Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders2

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ATTENTION DEFICIT ANDDISRUPTIVE BEHAVIOR

DISORDERS

By: Kristine Charisse V. Tanedo

BSN3 MSU-IIT


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CONDUCT DISORDER

-characterized by persistent antisocialbehavior in children and adolescentsthat significantly impairs their ability to

function in social, academic, oroccupational areas


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Symptoms clustered in 4 areas:

Aggression to people and animals

Destruction of property

Deceitfulness and theft

Serious violation of rules


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CONDUCT DISORDER

-People with conduct disorder have littleempathy for others

-have low self-esteem -poor frustration tolerance -temper outbursts -Conduct disorder is associated with early onset

of sexual behavior, drinking, smoking, use ofillegal substances and other reckless or risky

behaviors -occurs more often in boys than in girls -30-50% are diagnosed with antisocial

personality disorder as adults


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ONSET AND CLINICAL COURSE

Two subtypes: (based on age of onset)

1.Childhood-onset type -involves symptoms before 10 years of age

including physical aggression toward othersand disturbed peer relationships

-more likely to have persistent conduct disorder

and to develop antisocial personality disorderas adults

2. Adolescent-onset type

-no behaviors of conduct disorder untilafter 10 years of age -less likely to be aggressive and have more

normal peer relationships -less likely to have persistent conduct disorder or

antisocial personality disorder as adults


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D/O:

Mild some conduct problems that causerelatively minor harm to others

Lying, truancy, staying out late withoutpermission

Moderate number of conduct problemsincreases as does the amount of harm toothers

Vandalism and theft

Severe many conduct problems withconsiderable harm to others

Forced sex, cruelty to animals, use ofweapon, burglary, robbery


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SYMPTOMS:

Aggression to people and animals

Bullies, threatens or intimidates others Physical fights

Use of weapons

Forced sexual activity Cruelty to people or animals

Destruction of property

Fire setting Vandalism

Deliberate property destruction


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SYMPTOMS:

Deceitfulness and theft Lying Shoplifting

Breaking into house, building, or care Cons other to avoid responsibility Serious violation of rules Stays out overnight without parental consent Runs away from home overnightTruancy form school


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ETIOLOGY

Genetic vulnerabilityThere is a genetic risk for conduct

disorder although no specific genemarker has been identified.

More common in children who have asibling with conduct disorder or aparent with antisocial personalitydisorder, substance abuse, mood

disorder schizophrenia or ADHD

Factors such as poor coping interact tocause the disorder


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Risk factors:

Poor parenting

Low academic achievement

Poor peer relationships

Low self-esteem

Protective factors include resilience,family support, positive peer

relationships and good health Child abuse


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CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS

-in high-crime areas aggressive behaviormay be protective and not necessarilyindicative of conduct disorder.

-in immigrants from war-ravagedcountries, aggressive behavior mayhave been necessary for survival sothey should not be diagnosed withconduct disorder.


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TREATMENT

Early intervention is more effective

Prevention is more effective thantreatment

Treatment is geared toward the clientsdevelopmental age no treatment issuitable for all ages


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TREATMENT

Preschool :

-preschool programs such as HeadStart

-lower the tendency of delinquentbehaviors and conduct disorder byparental education about normal growthand development, stimulation for thechild and parental support during crisis


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TREATMENT

School-age:

-FOCUS: chikd, family, schoolenvironment

-parental education -social skills training (helps improve

academic performance and peer

relationships) -family therapy is also essential


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TREATMENT

Adolescents: -individual therapy since adolescence

rely less on parents and more on theirpeers

-issues of drug and alcohol abuse is a

major concern, thus treatment plan mustaddress to this -MOST PROMISING TREATMENT APPROACH:

keeping the client in his environment withfamily and individual therapy

-conflict resolution -anger management -teaching social skills


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MEDICATIONS:

-have little effect

-but may be in conjunction with treatment forspecific symptoms such as:

a. client who presents a threat or danger toothers will be prescribed with ANTIPSYCHOTICmedications

b. client with labile mood is given LITHIUM orCARBAMAZEPINE(TEGRETOL) another moodstabilizer or VALPORIC ACED (DEPAKOTE)


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INTERVENTIONS:

Improving coping skills and self-esteem.Show acceptance of the person, not

necessarily the behavior

Encourage the client to keep a diaryTeach and practice problem-solving skills


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INTERVENTIONS:

Promoting social interactionTeach age-appropriate skills.

Role-model and practice social skills.

Provide positive feedback for acceptablebehavior.

Provide family education.

Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders2

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