AtomsMolecules

ElementsCompounds

AtomThe smallest particle that can

still be identified as the matter it came from.

Atoms cannot be created or destroyed.

Consists of Protons (+), Electrons (-), and Neutrons (N).

Video Clips: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R1RMV5qhwyE

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQP4UJhNn0I

Atomic Structure

Atoms consist of three subatomic particles:

electrons ◦electrons are negatively charged

particlesprotons

◦protons are positively charged particles

neutrons ◦neutrons have no charge

Electrons of an atom:

Small negatively charged particleOrbit, circle, around the nucleusHave no mass.Number of electrons = number of

protons

Protons of an atom:

small, positively charged particles reside in the nucleus along with the neutron, make up

most of the mass of the atom the number of protons is what

defines the type of a particular atom.number of protons = number of

electrons

Neutrons of an atom:

small particles with no charge reside in the nucleus along with the proton, make up

most of the mass of the atom

Nucleus of an atom:The dense area

in the center of an atom.

Inside the nucleus of every atom are smaller particles called protons, and neutrons.

Nucleus

ElementMatter that is made of only one

kind of atom is an element. • Cannot be broken down into a

simpler type of matter by either physical or chemical means

• Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are all elements.

• Song: http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/videos/chemistry/elementsong.html

Each element has a name and symbol:

How are they arranged in the periodic table?

Elements are arranged in order of their atomic number.

The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus.

Chemistry Rap:http://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=Apr7MdbHGQoThe New Periodic Table Song:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zUDDiWtFtEM

Molecule

A molecule consists of two or more atoms of the same element, or different elements, that are chemically bound together.

In the animation above, two nitrogen atoms (N + N = N2) make one Nitrogen molecule .

Video:

Example of Molecules

More Examples

Some molecules are more complex:Some fat molecules: A protein

molecule:

cholesterol

Molecules can be represented many ways:

Chemical Formula:

Structural Formula:

CH4

H2O

Ball and Stick Model:

Space Filling Model:

HH

O

Compound

Atoms of two or more different elements bonded together.

In the animation above, water (H20) is a compound made of Hydrogen and Oxygen.

Video

The relationship between atoms, elements, molecules and compounds.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cV4jJZCIMPo

Examples:

Four different molecules:

Which are compounds?

What are each of these?

Atom, Element,Molecule,orCompound

Practice with Vocabulary:

Chemical Formulas show how many atoms of each element are in one molecule:

6234C6H12O4Cl

3123C3H8O

032H2O

021O2

# of Carbon atoms

# of atoms total

# of elements

Chemical Formula