Atoms

Their structure and the properties of elements

An element smallest posible piece… Miss Sofia Paz

First: Different elements or compounds have different properties:

States (luquid, solid, gas, plasma) this properties depend on the atoms of the

elements!

MADE UP OF SUBATOMIC PARTICLES:

-PROTONS(+)

-NEUTRONS

-ELECTRONS(-)

ATOM:Smallest possible piece of an element (without loosing their properties)

The attraction of the negatively charged electrons and the positively charged protons keeps the electrons close to

the nucleus.

How this subatomic particles form an ATOM?

-NUCLEOUS: NEUTRONS, PROTONS(+), -CLOUD OF ELECTRONS (-)

The attraction of the negatively charged electrons and the positively charged protons keeps the electrons close to

the nucleus.

Electrons have lessmass than neutrons

and protons.

NOT constantConstant

ATOMIC NUMBER (Z)( NUMBER OF PROTONS)

# of # of

The number of protons is constant in each element

The atom is electrically neutral, positive charges are

balanced with the negative

charges.

NO two elements have

the same atomic number

the number of protons = the Atomic Number(Z)

ISOTOPES (when the number of neutrons change)Alternate forms of elements (always same proton number but different neutron number)

Why C14, C13, C12??? Is the NUCLEAR NUMBER: NUMBER OF PROTONS + NUMBER OF NEUTRONS

RADIOACTIVE ISOTOPE:

HOMEWORK FOR NEX CLASS! What are radioactive isotopes and What uses does they have?

CONCEPT :CHEMICAL PROPERTIES ARE BASED ON STRUCTURE OF ATOMS

ElECTRONS AND REACTIVITY:

Electrons properties: -amount of energy -how thigly they are held by protons

Depending on this properties electrons belong to differents energy leves:I energy level can hold up to 2 electronsII energy level can hold up to 8 electronsIII energy level can hold up to 18 electrons

HOW DOES ATOMS STRUCTURE DETERMINE HOW IT REACTS??

CONCEPT :CHEMICAL PROPERTIES ARE BASED ON STRUCTURE OF ATOMS

I energy level :2 electronsII energy level: 8 electronsIII energy level : 18 electrons

ATOM SONG! 3.21 MIN

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O5iaw5WNuB0

CONCEPT :CHEMICAL PROPERTIES ARE BASED ON STRUCTURE OF ATOMS

Element/ isotope

Atomic Number

Protons Neutrons Total electrons  (same number ofprotons+)

Electrons in the highest level

12C 6        

14C          

14N 7        

16O 8        

P 15     15  

S 16     16  

Just howsmall is an atom?? http://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQP4UJhNn0I DOGS TEACHING CHEMSITRY http://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=addK0b2Isw8