Atoll Ecosystem Conservation Project - … · ATOLL ECOSYSTEM CONSERVATION PROJECT ... The main...

��

��

��

��

��

Atoll Ecosystem Conservation Project

Baa Atoll Land Survey Report��

ATOLL ECOSYSTEM CONSERVATION PROJECT

BAA ATOLL LAND SURVEY REPORT

Prepared for

Ministry of Environment, Energy and Water

Prepared by

Water Solutions Pvt. Ltd.

April 2007

Baa Atoll Land Survey Report i

Prepared by: Water Solutions

Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................................................................... I

1 INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................................... 3

2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES ........................................................................................................................ 3

3 PROJECT DELIVERABLES.................................................................................................................... 3

4 METHODOLOGY...................................................................................................................................... 3

4.1 SURVEY TEAM ...................................................................................................................................... 4 4.2 EQUIPMENT .......................................................................................................................................... 4 4.3 LOCAL CONSULTATION......................................................................................................................... 5 4.4 SURVEY METHODS................................................................................................................................ 5

4.4.1 Urban area...................................................................................................................................... 5 4.4.2 Rural and coastal area ................................................................................................................... 6 4.4.3 Permanent Survey Control Marks (PSCM) .................................................................................... 7

4.5 DATA PROCESSING AND PLOTTING ....................................................................................................... 7

5 OBSTACLES AND SOLUTIONS............................................................................................................. 7

6 RESULTS AND EVALUATION............................................................................................................... 8

7 PRESENTATION ....................................................................................................................................... 9

8 APPENDIX 1: DETAIL SURVEY MAPS.............................................................................................. 10

8.1 DHARAVANDHOO ................................................................................................................................... 8.2 DHONFANU............................................................................................................................................. 8.3 EYDHAFUSHI .......................................................................................................................................... 8.4 FEHENDHOO ........................................................................................................................................... 8.5 FULHADHOO........................................................................................................................................... 8.6 GOIDHOO................................................................................................................................................ 8.7 HITHAADHOO ......................................................................................................................................... 8.8 KAMADHOO ........................................................................................................................................... 8.9 KENDHOO............................................................................................................................................... 8.10 KIHAADHOO........................................................................................................................................... 8.11 KUDARIKILU .......................................................................................................................................... 8.12 MAALHOS .............................................................................................................................................. 8.13 THULHAADHOO......................................................................................................................................

9 APPENDIX 2: BEACH PROFILES........................................................................................................ 11

9.1 DHARAVANDHOO ................................................................................................................................... 9.2 DHONFANU.............................................................................................................................................

Baa Atoll Land Survey Report ii


9.3 EYDHAFUSHI .......................................................................................................................................... 9.4 FEHENDHOO ........................................................................................................................................... 9.5 FULHADHOO........................................................................................................................................... 9.6 GOIDHOO................................................................................................................................................ 9.7 HITHAADHOO ......................................................................................................................................... 9.8 KAMADHOO ........................................................................................................................................... 9.9 KENDHOO............................................................................................................................................... 9.10 KIHAADHOO........................................................................................................................................... 9.11 KUDARIKILU .......................................................................................................................................... 9.12 MAALHOS .............................................................................................................................................. 9.13 THULHAADHOO......................................................................................................................................

Baa Atoll Land Survey Report 3


1 Introduction

The Ministry of Environment, Energy and Water (MEEW) with consultation from Ministry of

Housing and Urban Development declared to survey all inhabitant islands of Baa Atoll to obtain base

maps of the islands which is required for land use planning as well as for the Atoll Ecosystem

Conservation project (AEC). The AEC project is been executed by MEEW. The task of surveying all

inhabitant islands of Baa Atoll was assigned to Water Solutions Private Limited (WS) after the

bidding process. All though, the initial number of islands that were required to survey in the project

was eleven, WS decided to included the two remaining islands, Fulhadhoo and Fehendhoo as a

complimentary work for MEEW. In addition, reef extents of all islands were surveyed whereas on

Eydhafushi, Dharavandhoo and Eydhafushi were only required. This report is aimed to give a brief

outlook on the work undertaken. A detail explanation of the methodology employed in the work and

the obstacles faced are also stated in the report. The accuracy achieved in the survey is analysed and

its conformity with the requirements of the TOR is given.

2 Aims and objectives

The work was planned such that requirements of the TOR are met eventually. Redundant field data

were collected to maximise the accuracy of the survey. The main objective of the work was to produce

detail survey maps at a higher accuracy that satisfy the requirements of a standard base map.

3 Project deliverables

As stated in the Terms of Reference (TOR), the following items have to be submitted at the end of the

project.

‐ Electronic and hard copy of the survey report

‐ Soft copy of the survey maps in WGS84 (UTM Zone 43, North) mapping reference system, satisfying

the terms stated in the TOR.

4 Methodology

The methods used in the work are in compliance with best survey practise as accepted

internationally. Method of survey is selected to give the maximum possible accuracy and that

minimises errors from instrument and avoids human errors.



4 . 1 S u r v e y t e a m

The survey team consists of well‐experienced personal.

• Hussein Nawaaz, BSc (Hons) Surveying and mapping sciences, UK. Nawaaz has 9 years

experience in surveying and mapping. He is the project leader and coordinator. He was

involved in the surveys of urban area and also the transect levels. Establishment of

permanent survey control marks were also done under his guidance.

• Ahmed Firass Afeef, BSc Land Surveying, New Zealand. Firass has 3 years experience in

surveying. Firass also worked in the urban area survey and obtained transect levels. Firass

also aided in establishing permanent survey control marks.

• Farhath Jameel, GPS expert by experience. Farhath was involved in all GPS work. Farhath

also obtained data for beach profiles.

• Aslam Shakir, a Landuse Planner and an environmental specialist by profession. GPS

observations and beach profiles were also taken by Aslam.

Two teams worked in the urban area survey. For each team, a survey assistant and a helper from

each island was assigned.

4 . 2 E q u i p m e n t

State‐of‐the‐art equipment was utilized through the survey work. Many equipment were invested to

the project so that quality of the survey would not be compromised. The following list are the main

equipments used in the survey.

Total Stations (2 sets)

- Topcon GPT 3005N Pulse Total Station (accuracy: 3 sec angular, 5mm distance) - Topcon GTS 225 Electronic Total Station (accuracy: 5 sec angular, 5mm distance)

GPS (4 sets)

- Trimble Geo XT with Zephyr antenna (accuracy: 4 cm with differential correction) - Trimble Geo XT with Hurricane antenna (accuracy: 4 cm with differential correction) - Trimble GeoXH (accuracy: 4 cm with differential correction)

Level

- Horizon Automatic Level (magnification: 30x )



Other accessories

Other small items, ranging from Electronic Distance Measurement (EDM) devices to measuring tapes

were used in the survey. Communication devices and field computers were used for daily processing

of the field data.

4 . 3 L o c a l c o n s u l t a t i o n

Upon arrival at every island the island official, usually Island Chiefs (Katheebs) were consulted and

the most current map of the island obtained. This map was used as a sketch and to identify public

buildings and places, newly allocated residential plots and other places of interest such as agricultural

or industrial areas. The officials were also briefed about the nature of our work and the temporary

difficulty it may cause to the public such as disruption to traffic in narrower streets in some larger

islands. Information about underground cables and pipes was also gathered and the necessary

consent obtained in order to avoid any damage caused while hammering in our temporary survey

marks. Island officials were informed on the location of Permanent Survey Control Marks (PSCMs) on

the island.

4 . 4 S u r v e y m e t h o d s

4 . 4 . 1 Urban a r e a

The urban area mainly consists of residential blocks, roads, isolated structures such as

telecommunication antennae, beach huts, ‘Hiya’, ‘Holhuashi’, harbour, seawall, coastal structures and

other hard detail found in the mail land. Some significant trees were also found in the urban area.

These areas were mainly surveyed using Total Station. A local traverse in an arbitrary reference

system is run through the area to provide survey control to the areas. The traverse is adjusted for

misclosures and reobserved until the required accuracy for the traverse is obtained. A secondary

traverse and sometimes a tertiary traverse were run to provide survey control points to difficult areas.

Once the traversed points were fixed to the accuracy higher than 0.1m, angle and distance

observations were made to the block corners and other details that are required. For the curved block

corners, tangents were drawn from either side of the block and the meeting point of the tangents were

surveyed. This will give a higher accuracy to the block shape, size and orientation. Offsets and tape

measurements were done for inconvenient places and also to minimise too many instrument set up

points.



Transect levels that are taken to the linear extent of the islands in the many cases were also surveyed

by the two teams. Trignometrical levelling technique applied to obtain the levels.

The urban area was surveyed by two survey teams. For each island, the urban area was divided into

two halves. The above methodology was applied in the surveys by each team, independently. Once

the survey is completed, the surveys are joined by tying common traverse points that were surveyed.

Adjustments and checks were made to make the two surveys meet the accuracy of the TOR.

4 . 4 . 2 Ru r a l and c o a s t a l a r e a

In terms of the survey, rural area of the islands were generally made up of vegetation, large trees and

agricultural land. In Goidhoo, pond and mangrove were found. Historical sites as in Maalhos were

found in the rural area. Many wasteland were among the survey details of the rural area. Survey

details of the coastal area were extents of reef, lagoon, low and high tide, vegetation, erosion and

beach rocks. Structures of coastal defences, seawalls, and beach profiles were also among the coastal

area survey details.

4.4.2.1 GPS Surveying

Differential technique of GPS surveying was method used in mapping the rural and coastal area.

Differential GPS technique yields a higher accuracy than 0.1m. The differential GPS surveying can be

explained by simultaneous observation by two GPS receivers to the same constellation of satellites.

One receiver is stationery which is called the base. Base receiver was set up on an open area, safe from

disturbances until the end of survey. The rover, which is the mobile receiver goes with the surveyor

picking details. After end of survey, post processing is done where the corrections from the base

receiver is applied to data from the rover to obtain higher accuracy data.

4.4.2.2 GPS survey reference system

Trimble Geo XT GPS receiver collects data in WGS84 reference system. The data used in the final

plotting is in UTM Zone 43 North grid system. This is the reference system that was required as said

in the TOR.

The above procedure was used through the survey of GPS surveying of the rural and coastal details.

Base receiver is usually set up near island office so that it can be watched. Any movement or battery

failure could cost the day’s work so lot of care was taken.



4 . 4 . 3 Pe rman e n t Su r v e y Con t r o l Mark s ( P SCM )

The PSCMs served as the means to tie the urban survey to GPS surveys. It once both surveys are tied,

the urban surveys will be in the required mapping frame, i.e. UTM Zone 43 North (WGS84 datum).

For this purpose, and also for the benefit of the parties who would be using the survey maps

produced from this data, PSCM were surveyed at higher accuracy than any other detail. Static GPS

observations were made to these marks minimum of 45 minutes and Total Station observations were

made redundantly.

Care was taken in selecting the location for the PSCM. As permanent survey marks are the only

means of reference of the survey on the ground, its preservation is important. Therefore, PSCMs were

placed on permanent stable structures. Where in the case of absence of such structures, iron rods were

place on the ground with cement reinforcement. PSCMs placed on structures are iron nails (2 inch in

length). The marks are labelled and marked in spray for easy identification. These marks are usually

on seawall of harbours which provide good open space for GPS observations on the mark.

4 . 5 D a t a p r o c e s s i n g a n d p l o t t i n g

Daily processing of field data is carried out in the night. Angle and distance observations from Total

Station observations are processed and used for preliminary plotting. Data from traverse observations

are processed and adjusted for any misclosures. If misclosure is more than acceptable, new

observations were made on the next day to strengthen the traverse points. Likewise, GPS

observations are downloaded each day to check for any errors in the data. GPS data is cleaned and

edited before it is used with data from other surveys. A steady data processing night session is

maintained every night so that before the survey teams leaves the island, a preliminary survey map is

made and accuracy of the survey can be analysed. AutoCAD software is used for plotting. GPS data

downloaded from GPS receivers are exported to AutoCAD and data is cleaned and edited.

5 Obstacles and solutions

There are minor setbacks faced during the survey work, both in the field and back in the office.

Considering the experience from the field, delays were faced due to weather change. Heavy rain took

obstructed work for 4 days in the field. The following issues and their corresponding measures taken

are noteworthy to mention here.

• Residential plots and blocks which have no boundary wall were experienced in almost all

islands. Many plots which were registered had no boundary walls. In addition, many plots



and blocks had dilapidated walls where plot or block corners were not easily identifiable.

This issue was solved by consulting with officials from Island Office. Plot dimensions are

obtained from the Island Office which is used to construct the corners. However, sometimes

officials from Island Office assist the survey teams on site in these kinds of issues.

• Newly assigned plot had no corner stones. These plots were constructed on the map with

dimensions obtained from the Island Office. However, plots that were proposed which does

not have approval from Ministry of Housing and Urban Development (MHUD) were not

included in the surveying map.

• In some islands, thick vegetation made extents of cemeteries, football grounds and farm lands

hard to obtain. GPS surveying was made difficult due to overhead canopy. Likewise, Total

Station observations were hindered due to obstruction to the line of sight. With a minor

comprise to accuracy, tape measurements were made both to ends and diagonally. Diagonal

measurements would give orientation.

• Agricultural plots: inconsistency in leasing plots for agriculture in some islands made it near

impossible for us to differentiate between the different plots and their boundaries.

Boundaries of farm lands were observed using GPS.

• Roads through vegetation: the width of roads cleared through thick vegetation was hard to

determine, because the extent of the road varies and, in many such roads, coconut trees had

not been cleared, making it really hard to define the edge. In such roads, centre line of the

road were surveyed. Width of the roads was determined at various place by tape

measurements.

• Internal boundary of non‐residential plots: usually buildings in the plot obstruct any diagonal

and sometimes side measurements from been taken. Without diagonal measurements,

orientation can go erroneous. Measures were taken to get near orientation by small

triangulation technique.

• Permanent Survey Control Marks (PSCM): these marks that were established on the ground

in cement reinforcement were subject to disturbances. Marks in Kudarikilu and Kamadhoo

were disturbed and thrown away. To avoid this problem, consecutive PSCMs were

established on hard surfaces such as seawalls with iron nail. Additional PCMS were

established on seawalls on the islands where PCMS were questionable.

6 Results and evaluation

Quality of survey is always measured by the achieved accuracy. Accuracy of the surveys were easily

analysed by the misclosures from the individual traverses. Additionally, checks made to formerly



observed survey marks can also give relative accuracy of the traverse. In the case of Baa Atoll Survey,

survey teams working in the urban area were able to make cross‐checks on either teams survey, i.e.

traverse points. The misclosure of individual traverses was in the order of 5‐10mm. When the data of

the two survey teams in the urban area were tied, misclosures were found to be in the range of 0.5‐

1.5cm. This clearly shows the accuracy of the surveys in the urban area.

When the data from the GPS were tied with the data from survey teams, which completes the detail

survey map, the misclosure were found to be only 4‐9 cm in disagreement. However, the Permanent

Survey Control Marks (PSCM) that appear on the survey map is the ones observed from Total

Stations which had the accuracy of 0.5‐1.5cm. This suggests that the PSCM will provide very high

accuracy to the urban area of each island. With 4‐9 cm accuracy in GPS data, it will only serve as a

shift, which could be negligible in rural area where there are no hard details.

The above analysis shows that the survey of Baa Atoll was done on a very high order of accuracy.

Accuracy of 4‐9 cm in the survey conforms with the TOR.

7 Presentation

The final detail survey drawings are made in AutoCAD (version 2007). Coordinates in the drawing

are in UTM Zone 43 which is in WGS84 datum. All dimensions in the map are in metres. The drawing

consists of two legends; Landuse Legend and Feature Legend. The Landuse Legend is made to show

the different landuses of the plots. The colour codes and titles were obtained from MHUD guideline

given with the project material. Feature legend would show features such as reef line, vegetation line

etc. Colour codes for these features were taken from the MHUD guidelines.

Two sets of survey maps are attached to this Report. Softcopy set have all the maps in AutoCAD

format as well as in PDF file format. Hard copy prints of the survey maps, only to give a immediate

view of the final product is attached. Set of beach profile data, both hardcopy and softcopy is

attached.



8 Appendix 1: Detail survey maps

8 . 1 D h a r a v a n d h o o

8 . 2 D h o n f a n u

8 . 3 E y d h a f u s h i

8 . 4 F e h e n d h o o

8 . 5 F u l h a d h o o

8 . 6 G o i d h o o

8 . 7 H i t h a a d h o o

8 . 8 K a m a d h o o

8 . 9 K e n d h o o

8 . 1 0 K i h a a d h o o

8 . 1 1 K u d a r i k i l u

8 . 1 2 M a a l h o s

8 . 1 3 T h u l h a a d h o o



9 Appendix 2: Beach profiles

9 . 1 D h a r a v a n d h o o

9 . 2 D h o n f a n u

9 . 3 E y d h a f u s h i

9 . 4 F e h e n d h o o

9 . 5 F u l h a d h o o

9 . 6 G o i d h o o

9 . 7 H i t h a a d h o o

9 . 8 K a m a d h o o

9 . 9 K e n d h o o

9 . 1 0 K i h a a d h o o

9 . 1 1 K u d a r i k i l u

9 . 1 2 M a a l h o s

9 . 1 3 T h u l h a a d h o o

CP1

CP2

WeatherWeather

station

(under

construction)

Haruge

HolhuashiHolhuashi

Doctor's

residence

Holhuashi

4

Wataniya

antenna

Football groundFootball ground

Community Nursery and Learning Centre (CNLC)Community Nursery and Learning Centre (CNLC)

Nika

Nika

Nika

Nika

Weather MastWeather Mast

Stage

5

2

13

6

1.5381.538

1.353

1.294

1.2551.255

1.379

1.466

1.535

1.513

0.579

0.060

-0.182

0.4760.476

1.695

1.6051.605

1.7471.747

1.5391.539

1.475

1.384

1.332

5

10

16

8

P1

P2

P3

Profile 2

00.5

11.5

22.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Distance (m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Atoll Ecosystem Conservation Project - Baa Atoll Land Survey MEEW

Beach Profiles- Baa. Dharavandhoo

Prepared by - Water Solutions -2007

Profile 1

-0.50

0.51

1.52

2.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Distance (m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Profile 3

00.5

11.5

22.5

0 2 4 6 8 10

Distance (m)

Ele

vation

(m)


Beach Profiles- Baa. Dhonfanu


Open

Space

4

5

6

2

10

Open SpaceOpen Space

16

9

5

CP1

CP2

1.320

1.146

1.159

0.987

0.928

0.878

0.850

0.904

1.154

0.807

1.167

0.912

1.037

1.141

Sports Field/Football groundSports Field/Football ground

P3

P2

P1

P4

Profile 1

00.5

11.5

22.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

Distance (m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Profile 2

00.5

11.5

22.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Distance (m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Profile 3

00.5

11.5

22.5

0 5 10 15 20 25

Distance (m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Profile 4

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Dist ance ( m)

Ele

vation

(m)


Beach Profiles- Baa. Eydhafushi


Kaani

Kaani

Funa

Funa

Funa

1.188

1.279

1.304

1.201

1.152

1.205

1.120

1.055

1.159

10

Hospital

Wataniya

8

5

5

4

3

1

2

5

2

7

Dhanaalu

Dhiraagu

Addana

Boalhage

Water tanksWater tanks

Classrooms

(temperory)

Football groundFootball ground

Volley andVolley and

bashi courtbashi court

12

Stage

School landSchool land

Feyli JamiyyaFeyli Jamiyya

Dhandiffaru

5

Media CentreMedia Centre

1.0311.031

1.078

1.096

1.152

1.359

1.058

0.574

Power housePower house

(old)

STO

Multi-purposeMulti-purpose

Centre (MOE)Centre (MOE)

4.1

1

5

WaterWater

tanks

Haruge

Haruge

Haruge

Haruge

Haruge

16

Youth centreYouth centre

(under construction)(under construction)

CP1

CP3

CP2

P1

P2

P3

P4

Profile 1

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

D i st a nc e ( m )

Profile 2

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

D i st a nc e ( m)

Profile 3

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

D i st a nc e ( m)

Profile 4

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Dist ance ( m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Ele

vation

(m)

5

5

10

4

8

4.1

P4

P2

P3

P1

P5

Power house

(proposed land)

24

21

(Aquarium)

14

5

Volley court

Bashi court

Water tanks

1.123

1.503

1.356

1.293

1.350


Beach Profiles- Baa. Fehendhoo


Profile 1

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

D i st a nc e ( m )

Profile 2

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

D i st a nc e ( m)

Profile 3

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

D i st a nc e ( m)

Profile 4

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Dist ance ( m)

Profile 5

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Dist ance ( m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Ele

vation

(m)


Beach Profiles- Baa. Fulhadhoo


P4

P5

P1

P2

P3

14

4

5

5

2

10

8

CP2

CP1

0.117

1.500

1.431

1.183

1.313

1.2891.289

Dhiraagu

Profile 1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

D i st a nc e ( m )

Profile 2

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

D i st a nc e ( m)

Profile 3

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

D i s t a n c e ( m)

Profile 5

-0.5

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Dist ance ( m)

Profile 4

-0.5

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Dist ance ( m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Ele

vation

(m)


Beach Profiles- Baa. Goidhoo


5

8

5

10

Wate

rta

nks

Wate

rta

nks

8

Panels

Ante

nna

Sta

ge

13

holh

uashi

holh

uashi

2Rente

d

room

sro

om

s

Wata

niy

aW

ata

niy

a

Dhira

agu

4

6

wate

r

tanks

tanks

pharm

acy

5

pro

posed

are

afo

rpro

posed

are

afo

r

socia

lcentre

socia

lcentre

14

Channelentra

nce

Channelentra

nce

Agric

ultu

ralAre

aAgric

ultu

ralAre

a

Agric

ultu

ralAre

aAgric

ultu

ralAre

a

Agric

ultu

ralAre

aAgric

ultu

ralAre

a

Agric

ultu

ralAre

aAgric

ultu

ralAre

a

Agric

ultu

ralAre

aAgric

ultu

ralAre

a

Agric

ultu

ralAre

aAgric

ultu

ralAre

a

Old

Cem

etry

Old

Cem

etry

Hut

CP

CP

21

P2

P1

P3

P4

P5

P6

Profile 2

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

D i st a nc e ( m)

Profile 1

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

D i st a nc e ( m )

Profile 3

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

D i st a nc e ( m)

Profile 4

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

Dist ance ( m)

Profile 5

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Dist ance ( m)

Profile 6

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Dist ance ( m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Ele

vation

(m)

1.550

1.595

1.065

1.169

0.9

91

1.071

1.506

1.194

1.249

1.404

1.315

1.304

1.137

1.036

0.912

1.138

4

Jamiyya

5

5

6

2

Old

Office

Wataniya

Dhiraagu

13

10

Store

WaterTanks

Hiyaa

Leased

Land

8

14

CP2

CP1

CP3

P1

P4

P3

P1


Beach Profiles- Baa. Hithaadhoo


Profile 1

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

D i st a nc e ( m )

Profile 2

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18

D i st a nc e ( m)

Profile 3

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

D i st a nc e ( m)

Profile 4

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 5 10 15 20 25

Dist ance ( m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Ele

vation

(m)


Beach Profiles- Baa. Kamadhoo


P3

P1

P3

P2

Agriculture

Agriculture

14

CP1

CP2

CP3

18

Wataniya antenna

16

2

5

4

5

10

8

21

1.379

1.300

1.212

1.398

1.152

1.698

1.547

1.362

1.188

1.147

1.110

1.280

1.696

1.192

1.621

1.208

Profile 1

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

D i st a nc e ( m )

Profile 2

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

D i st a nc e ( m)

Profile 3

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

D i st a nc e ( m)

Profile 4

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Dist ance ( m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Ele

vation

(m)


Beach Profiles- Baa. Kendhoo


6

4

5

P1

P1

P3

P2

P4

13

Bashi courtBashi court

Volley courtVolley court

Dhiraagu

antenna9

Goat farmGoat farm

CP1

CP2

4.1

Wataniya AntennaWataniya Antenna

8

Historical siteHistorical site

(Maqaam)

Leased areaLeased area

15

2

Storage & leasedStorage & leased

5

Water storage areaWater storage area

5

10

5

Ashi

Ashi

Youth centreYouth centre

1.039

1.311

1.511

1.216

1.197

1.304

1.469

1.642

1.432

1.448

1.194

1.241

1.348

1.384

1.335

1.610

1.565

1.268

1.7481.7481.055

14

Profile 1

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

D i st a nc e ( m )

Profile 2

-0.5

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

D i st a nc e ( m)

Profile 3

-0.5

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

D i st a nc e ( m)

Profile 4

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Dist ance ( m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Ele

vation

(m)


Beach Profiles- Baa. Kihaadhoo


P1

P2

P3

P4

0.058

0.531

0.383

0.512

1.315

0.718

0.853

0.793

0.622

1.357

1.355

1.291

1.268

1.272

1.310

1.365

1.732

1.492

1.366

1.273

1.582

2

5

Nika

8

Storage

4

10

5

6

Holhuashi

CP1

CP2

Nika

Hirundhu

9

Football GroundFootball Ground

24

Cleared for AgricultureCleared for Agriculture

24

Bashi CourtBashi Court

Profile 1

00.5

11.5

22.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Distance (m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Profile 2

-0.50

0.51

1.52

2.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Distance (m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Profile 3

00.5

11.5

22.5

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Distance (m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Profile 4

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18

Dist ance ( m)

Ele

vation

(m)


Beach Profiles- Baa. Kuda Rikilu


1.587

1.4321.432

1.294

1.3191.319

1.6091.609

2

1.237

5

8

Football fieldFootball field

P1

P2

P3

P4

CP1

CP2

CP3

Jamiyya

Social centreSocial centre

Rahvehige

5

5

Hiyaa

5

10

4

1.125

1.036

1.115

1.505

1.739

1.455

0.861

1.573

0.722

1.336

1.254

Profile 4

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Dist ance ( m)

Profile 3

00.5

11.5

22.5

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Distance (m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Profile 2

00.5

11.5

22.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Distance (m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Profile 1

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

D i st a nc e ( m )

Ele

vation

(m)

Ele

vation

(m)


Beach Profiles- Baa. Maalhos


CP1

CP2

CP3

4

2

Bashi courtBashi court

8

Volley courtVolley court

Storage

8

(old)

Holhuashi

Hut

Hut

10

Dhiraagu

4.1

Cultural villageCultural village

5

Jamiyya

5

1.733

1.778

1.468

1.360

1.085

0.915

0.697

0.848

0.884

1.4961.496

0.8970.897

1.538

1.298

1.426

1.522

1.895

Nika

14 trunk14 trunk

coconut treecoconut tree

Nika

14

24

Tharaagandu

(Historical site)(Historical site)

P1

P2

P4

P3

Profile 1

-0.50

0.51

1.52

2.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Distance (m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Profile 2

00.5

11.5

22.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Distance (m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Profile 3

00.5

11.5

22.5

33.5

0 5 10 15 20

Distance (m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Profile 4

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Dist ance ( m)

Main jettyMain jetty

Jetty

Sand bankSand bank

P1

P2

P3

P4

P5

CP2

CP1CP1

Holhuashi

Holhuashi

6

4

Open landOpen land

Holhuashi

Leased landLeased land

Leased landLeased land

Water

tanks

5

10

Wataniya

9

8

Haruge

Jamiyya

Hiyaa

3

5

Open areaOpen area

5

4.1

Guest houseGuest house

5

2

Women's committeeWomen's committee

Dhiraagu

1.647

1.481

1.079

1.269

1.412

1.323

1.501

1.335

1.471

1.5691.569

1.284

1.299

1.425

1.442

1.414

1.439

0.7590.759


Beach Profiles- Baa. Thulhaadhoo


Profile 1

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18

D i st a nc e ( m)

Prof ile 2

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

D i s t a nc e ( m)

Prof ile 2

-0.5

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

D i s t a nc e ( m)

Profile 4

-0.5

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

D i st a nc e ( m)

Prof ile 5

-0.5

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

D i s t a n c e ( m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Ele

vation

(m)

Atoll Ecosystem Conservation Project - … · ATOLL ECOSYSTEM CONSERVATION PROJECT ... The main...

Documents

Transcript of Atoll Ecosystem Conservation Project - … · ATOLL ECOSYSTEM CONSERVATION PROJECT ... The main...