Atmospheric Heat Atmospheric Heat Convection, The Convection, The

Sun & WindSun & Wind

Objectives:Objectives:

Can I recognize events caused by Can I recognize events caused by heat convection?heat convection?

How is the sun’s energy and wind How is the sun’s energy and wind connected?connected?

Atmosphere:Atmosphere: A mixture of gases A mixture of gases

that surrounds a that surrounds a planet or moonplanet or moon

Majority of the Majority of the sun’s energy is sun’s energy is absorbed by the absorbed by the land and oceanland and ocean when it enters the when it enters the atmosphere.atmosphere.

ConductionConduction

Transfer of Transfer of thermal thermal energy energy through a through a material.material.

RadiationRadiation

Transfer of Transfer of energy through energy through waves.waves.

The suns rays The suns rays travel in the travel in the form of form of radiation to radiation to earth. (Solar earth. (Solar Energy)Energy)

Atmospheric Atmospheric Heat Heat

ConvectionConvection::

thermalthermal energy circulates energy circulates in the atmospherein the atmosphere (through (through gas or liquid)gas or liquid)

DifferencesDifferences

Which one?Which one?

A.A. ConductionConduction

B.B. ConvectionConvection

C.C. RadiationRadiation

Which one?Which one?

A.A. ConductionConduction

B.B. ConvectionConvection

C.C. RadiationRadiation

Which one?Which one?

A.A. ConductionConduction

B.B. ConvectionConvection

C.C. RadiationRadiation

Conduction, Convection, Conduction, Convection, Radiation?Radiation?

A

B

C

Convection:Convection:Warm Warm Air RisesAir Rises

ColdCold Air SinksAir Sinks

ConvectionConvection

Warm air is Warm air is less dense than less dense than cold air which cold air which makes it rise.makes it rise.

Cold air is more Cold air is more dense which dense which makes it sink.makes it sink.

Air PressureAir Pressure

The closer an The closer an object is to the object is to the surface of earth surface of earth the greater air the greater air pressure.pressure.

Air PressureAir Pressure

At what point will there be the At what point will there be the greatest air pressure?greatest air pressure?

Air PressureAir PressureAt which point will there be the greatest amount of air pressure?

BarometerBarometer

Measures air Measures air pressure.pressure.

The WindThe WindMoving air- caused Moving air- caused

by differences in by differences in air pressure air pressure when the when the atmosphere is atmosphere is warmed by the warmed by the sun.sun.

The greater the The greater the pressure pressure difference the difference the faster the wind faster the wind moves.moves.

Sea and Land BreezeSea and Land Breeze

During the day:Air over ocean is cooler….Air over land warmer. Warm air rises and moves toward the ocean.

During the night:Air over ocean is warmer…Air over land is cooler.Warm air rises and moves toward land.

Reality CheckReality CheckCan I recognize events Can I recognize events

caused by heat caused by heat convection?convection?

How is the sun’s energy How is the sun’s energy and wind connected?and wind connected?

Warm air rises at the Warm air rises at the equator and sinks at the equator and sinks at the poles because more solar poles because more solar energy is received at the energy is received at the

equator.equator. The sun’s energy creates pressures differences in the Earth’s atmosphere. As high pressure areas are created around the poles, cold polar air (wind) will flow toward the equator causing the wind.

H

L

8. Types of Winds:8. Types of Winds:

Heat transfer in Heat transfer in our World!!!our World!!!

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Reality Check:Reality Check:

Can I recognize events Can I recognize events caused by heat convection?caused by heat convection?

How is the sun’s energy and How is the sun’s energy and wind connected?wind connected?

Review Questions:Review Questions:

1. What happens to 1. What happens to majority of the sun’s energy majority of the sun’s energy

that reaches the Earth’s that reaches the Earth’s atmosphere?atmosphere?A.A. It is absorbed by the land and It is absorbed by the land and

oceansoceans

B.B. It is reflected by the clouds and airIt is reflected by the clouds and air

C.C. It is absorbed by the ozone layerIt is absorbed by the ozone layer

D.D. It is reflected by the Earth’s It is reflected by the Earth’s surfacesurface

2.Which best describes 2.Which best describes the wind?the wind?

A.A. Essential the water cycleEssential the water cycle

B.B. Moving airMoving air

C.C. Static air near the ocean’s surfaceStatic air near the ocean’s surface

D.D. A difference in air temperatureA difference in air temperature

3. Why does warm air rise 3. Why does warm air rise and cold air sink?and cold air sink?

A.A. Because warm air is less dense Because warm air is less dense than cold air.than cold air.

B.B. Because cold air is less dense than Because cold air is less dense than warm airwarm air

C.C. Because warm air is denser than Because warm air is denser than cold aircold air

D.D. Because warm air has less pressure Because warm air has less pressure than cold airthan cold air

4. Convection is the method 4. Convection is the method by which most _____energy by which most _____energy

circulates in the circulates in the atmosphere.atmosphere.A.A. ThermalThermal

B.B. NuclearNuclear

C.C. Kinetic Kinetic

D.D. PotentialPotential

5. Air is warmer and less 5. Air is warmer and less dense around the equator dense around the equator

because the equator because the equator receives more _____.receives more _____.

A.A. Air pressureAir pressure

B.B. WindWind

C.C. Solar energySolar energy

D.D. Green house gasGreen house gas

6. When the atmosphere is 6. When the atmosphere is warmed by the sun, warmed by the sun,

changes in air pressure changes in air pressure results in the ______.results in the ______.

A.A. WindWind

B.B. CloudsClouds

C.C. HumidityHumidity

D.D. Precipitation Precipitation

7.7.

What causes the air rising from the What causes the air rising from the land to be warm?land to be warm?

A.A. Heat from the sunHeat from the sun

B.B. Heat from ElectricityHeat from Electricity

C.C. Heat from a hot springHeat from a hot spring

D.D. Heat from decompositionHeat from decomposition

8. The following happens 8. The following happens the atmosphere:the atmosphere:

Solar Energy-Solar Energy-----Warm air rises-Warm air rises-------air air cools in upper atmosphere and cools in upper atmosphere and sinks-sinks---air currents--air currents

This process can be described asThis process can be described as

A.A. Wind formation (through heat Wind formation (through heat convection)convection)

B.B. Cloud formationCloud formation

Heat Convection Lab:Heat Convection Lab:

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