Athens Vs. Sparta

Totalitarian Sparta

1. Warrior society (all resources go into training soldiers).

Totalitarian Sparta

Warrior society allsoldiers

2. Militarism – the glorification of military power.

Totalitarian Sparta

Militarism glorification power

“Spartans are willing to die for their city because they have no reason to live.” –

Non-Spartan-

Totalitarian Sparta

3. Totalitarianism – government regulates all aspects of society: (Strict government control =

no personal freedom)

Totalitarianism regulates allstrict control

freedom

Spartan military training

Chosen

to live

Military school age 7

Kept

hungry

Physical abuse Ignore

pain

murderMilitaryskills

The Battlefield today

Thermopylae 480 B.C.

300,000

Persians

480 B.C.

300

spartans

300 Spartans at

Democratic Athens

1. Ancient Athens = 1st Democracy in history!

England 1600’s United States 1776

Athens democracy

Democracy

Athenian Democracy

What’s wrong with this picture?2. Direct Democracy – government in which male citizens participate directly rather than

through elected representatives .

DirectMale directly

elected representatives

It’s a man’s world you

know!

Right on Bro!

3. Limited Democracy: Only men could participate; not women or slaves.

Aristotle“The loom is women’s work, not

debate. The man is by nature fitter for command than the female, just as an older person is superior to a younger, more immature person.

-Aristotle

Limited men participate

“Our constitution is called a democracy because power is in the hands not of a minority but of the whole people. When

it is a question of settling private disputes, everyone is equal before the laws. When it is a question of putting

one person before another in positions of public responsibility, what counts is not membership of a particular class,

but the ability the man possesses. We alone regard a man who takes no interest in public affairs, not as a

harmless but as a useless character.”-Pericles

4. Pericles – leader during Athens golden age (civilization’s peak).

“We alone regard a man who takes no interest in public

affairs, not as a harmless but as a useless character.”

Pericles golden age peak

Golden age of athensPhilosophy

literature

Art & architecture science

mathematics

Philosophy→ Greek thinkers used observation & reason to understand the world around them.

? ?? ?

?

? ?

Philosophy thinkers observation reason world

Humanism – focus on worldly rather than religious subjects and the potential of the human mind.

Humanism worldly religious human mind

Socrates

1. Use logical questioning and reason to seek the truth (Socratic Method).

“The unexamined life is not worth living” -Socrates

Be skeptical question

everything and seek the truth!

logical questioning reason truth Method

I shall carry out the death sentence

myself!

2. Tried and sentenced to death for promoting radical ideas and challenging the government of Athens.

The death of socrates

death radical ideas

Plato

“Man is of all animals the most divine and most civilized; but if he be

ill-educated he is the most savage of earthly creatures.”

-Plato

Plato

socrates

1. The wisest and most educated individuals should rule society (anti-democratic). wisest educated

rule

AristotleAnatomy

Astronomy

Embryology

Physics

Zoology

Philosophy

Aesthetics

Economics

Ethics

Government

Metaphysics

Politics

Psychology

Rhetoric

Poetry

Mathematics

Multifaceted genius (symbolic of the spirit of humanism). genius humanism

1. Worshipped the same gods.

zeus Hera

athena aphrodite

Poseidon

Apollo

Greek “Cultural” Unity

2. Greek alphabet.

Greek “Cultural” Unity

3. The Olympic Games.

Greek “Cultural” Unity

4. Fear of the Persian Empire.

The Persians

Greek “Cultural” Unity

• Military Society• Women

Obey Men• Monarchy With Two

Kings• Common

Language

• Laws Made by an Assembly

• Olympic Games

• Trade With Other City-States

• Only Male Citizens Could Vote

• Girls Trained to be Mothers of Soldiers

• Limited Direct Democracy

• Trade & Travel Not Allowed

• Military Training For Boys

• Polythe-istic

Formal Writing! Introduction, Body Paragraphs and a Conclusion!

This information can be weaved into your introduction but your intro cannot be copied word for word! It must be

original!This part tells you what you need to do

in the body paragraphs! Be the Historian on this part of the essay. Load

up your paragraphs with as much historical detail as possible.

Finish with a good conclusion. Restate the theme of the essay and add your own final original thoughts/opinion on

the topic!This part is a final check list for you to use to make sure that you have done

everything you need to get a 5!

Strive For an A+

Suggested Lesson Sequence:❑ Present the PowerPoint on Sparta and Athens and

have the student take notes from the green boxes in their note-taking graphic organizers.

❑ Have the students use the Venn Diagram to further analyze the similarities and differences between Athens and Sparta.

❑ Have the students read the handouts on Athens and Sparta to generate detailed notes for the graphic organizers for each city state.

❑ Present the essay question to the students as a culminating activity for the mini-lesson. Review the process for writing an A+ essay.

❑ Have the students write the essay comparing and contrasting Athens with Sparta.

The following slides are the student reproducibles for this mini- lesson!

Note!✓ Important! Slides 41-48 should be printed as

“portrait” under the design ribbon above under slide orientation!

✓ Important! Slides 49-51 should be printed as “landscape” under the design ribbon above

under slide orientation!

3. _______________ – government _________ ___ aspects of society: (______ government _______ =

no personal _______)

1. _______ _______ (___ resources go into training ________).

2. __________ – the _____________ of military _____.

1. Ancient ______ = 1st _________ in history!2. ______ Democracy – government in which ____ citizens participate ________ rather than

through _______ _______________. 3. _______ Democracy: Only ___ could ___________; not

women or slaves.4. ________ – leader during Athens ___________(civilization’s ____).

Idiotes!

1.

2.

3.

4.

__________→ Greek ________ used ___________ & ______ to understand the _____ around them.

________ – focus on _______ rather than _________ subjects and the potential of the _____ ____.

1. The ______ and most ________ individuals should ____ society (anti-democratic).

1. Multifaceted ______ (symbolic of the spirit of ________).

1. Theater, plays and the literary themes of _______ & ______.

2. _____ – Wrote the epic poems the _______ & the _____.

1. Use _______ ___________ and ______ to seek the _____ (Socratic ______).

Plato

Aristotle

2. Tried and sentenced to _____ for promoting _______ _____ and challenging the government of Athens.Socrates

1. Desired ______ & _______ in their artwork.2. ________ art – portray the ____ in _______ form.

3. _________ – most ______ Greek building

The ancient Athenians were a unique people. They believed that individuals should be free as long as they acted within the laws of Athens. This allowed them the opportunity to excel in any

direction they chose. Individuality, as the Athenians viewed it, was the basis of their society. The ability to strive for excellence, no matter what the challenge, was what the Athenians so dearly

believed in. This strive for excellence was the method from which they achieved such phenomenal accomplishments. These accomplishments astound us to this day. They also believed in the

balance of mind and body. Although many of them strove to become soldiers and athletes, others ventured into philosophy, drama, pottery and the arts. The two most important concepts which the

ancient Athenians followed were found inscribed on the great shrine of Delphi, which read "Nothing in excess" and "Know thyself". This philosophy greatly impacted Athenian society.

EYES ON TEXTReading HistoryAthenian society

In the year 507 B.C., the Athenian leader Cleisthenes introduced a system of political reforms that he called demokratia, or “rule by the people.” Although this Athenian democracy would survive

for only two centuries, Cleisthenes’ invention was one of ancient Athen’s most enduring contributions to the modern world. In 508 BC, Athens became one of the first societies in ancient times to formally establish a democracy. This form of government was used at a meeting place

which the Athenians called the Assembly. Here the citizens of Athens met monthly and discussed the affairs of state. There were no decisions made by government without first asking the

Assembly.

Athens was the intellectual center of Greece. It was one of the first city-states of its time, and is still world renowned as one of the most famous cities in the world. It was named after Athena, the

goddess of wisdom and the city's patron

In ancient Sparta, boys at aged seven years old left their homes and entered the public educational system to devote the rest of their lives to the state. The goal of this system of education was to produce a well-drilled military machine composed of soldiers who were "obedient to the word of

command, capable of enduring hardships and victories in battle."

The Spartan system of education was organized by the state and each boy was assigned to a group known as the agela. They lived in a communal style and were made to undergo a curriculum of

training that was rigorous and often painful. Enormous discipline was placed on these children as they passed through the hands of teachers, gymnastic coaches and military instructors. The goal of this program was to produce men who were not only physically fit but psychologically disciplined.

The Spartan male's education did not end till he reached the age of thirty. In this educational regime, literacy and the arts were not a priority. When they reached the age of eleven, Spartan

boys were moved up to the next level of their education.

Sparta's position in the ancient Greek world was that of the lead member of the Peloponnesian league. Through most of it's existence, Sparta was engaged in wars with various states including Persia. By the 6th century BC Sparta was engaged in military excursions in Greece and as well as Asia Minor. The militaristic culture of Sparta fostered values which emphasized the production of

"strong, violent, disciplined, unquestioning and ruthless young men, and more or less similar young women" They "prided themselves on brute strength, courage and brevity of speech," and even their religious festivals were characterized by violent competitions where, though unarmed, young men were known to be flogged to the point of unconsciousness, and gangs of youths went

at each other with no holds barred.

Spartan societyIn sharp contrast to Athens was its rival Sparta. Sparta had not joined the other Greek cities in

trade and colonization but had expanded instead by conquering and enslaving its neighbors. To guard against revolts by the state slaves (helots), who worked the land for their conquerors,

Sparta deviated from the normal course of Greek political development and transformed itself into a militaristic totalitarian state.

To this end, the state enforced absolute subordination of the individual to its will. State officials examined all newborn children, and any found sickly or deformed were abandoned to die.

Name:________________________________

Venn diagram: Athens v. Sparta

Athens SPARTA

✓ Describe the Accomplishments of Athenian Society:

✓ ___________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

Athenian society✓ Describe and Give Specific Details About the Type of Government that Existed in Ancient Athens:

✓ ___________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

✓ Describe the Values That Were Important in Athenian Society:

✓ ___________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

✓ Describe the Duties of a Citizen in Athenian Society :

✓ ___________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

➢ Use the Readings, Your Packet and Your Knowledge of Ancient Greece to Complete the Graphic Organizer!

✓ Describe the Accomplishments of Spartan Society:

✓ ___________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

Spartan society✓ Describe and Give Specific Details About the Type of Government that Existed in Ancient Sparta:

✓ _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

✓ Describe the Values That Were Important in Spartan Society:

✓ ___________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

✓ Describe the Duties of a Citizen in Spartan Society :

✓ ___________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

➢ Use the Readings, Your Packet and Your Knowledge of Ancient Greece to Complete the Graphic Organizer!