ATESTAT TEOLOGIE

8/13/2019 ATESTAT TEOLOGIE

1/31

PARTEA I

ESHATOLOGIA ORTODOX N COMPARAIE

CU CEA ROMANO-CATOLIC I MILENAR

A. NVTURA ROMANO-CATOLIC

1.Purgatoriu

La acest capt!" #-a# p$!p%s s& #& !p$esc s%p$a st&$ s%'"ete"!$ (%p& )%(ecata

pa$tc%"a$& pe*t$% ca ac *e +*t,"*# c% ! #a$e (e!se$e (e c$e(*& +*t$e ce"e (!%&/se$c0+*s& a#,*(!%& /se$c"e +*1ata c& %*e"e s%'"ete se #,*t%esc (%p& )%(ecata

pa$tc%"a$&.Da$ 'eca$e (* aceste +*1&&t%$ t$atea2& te#a +* #!( ('e$t.

*1&&t%$a cat!"c& t$atea2& sp$t%" cata'atc (e c%*!st*& p$ecs& 3 a#&*%t& a

'e"%"% c%# se #+*t%esc aceste s%'"ete./se$ca R!#a*!-Cat!"c&0c!*s(e$+*( $a%" s

a(%" ca #)"!ace *s%'ce*te (e $&sp"at& p!st%"ea2a pe a2a *te$p$et&$ '!$at& a

%*!$ te4te (* N!%" Testa#e*t5L%ca 67089-8:;I C!$.at!$%.6= D%p& +*1&&t%$a $!#a*!-cat!"c&0p&cate"e

at$a> (%p& e"e ! pe(eaps& 1e3*c& 3 %*a te#p!$a"&.P$* Ta*a S'*te Sp!1e(a* se

a$t& pe*te*t%"% *%#a pe(eapsa 1e3*c&0(a$ *% se a$t& 3 pe(eapsa

te#p!$a"&.Aceasta 'e c& este e$tat& (e p$e!t p$* ca*!* 'e c& *% e e$tat& ea t$e%e

sp&3t&. (ac& pe*te*t%" #!a$e +*a*te (e a ! spa3 ac pe p+*t0e" ! 1a sp&3 +*

"%#ea (e (*c!"!0+* p%$>at!$%.7= E sp%* c& s%'"et%" +* acest "!c (& sats'ace "%

D%#*e2e% p$* s%'e$*& (%p& ca$e *t$& +* ce$.N%#e"e (e p%$>at!$% (e$1& (e "a

c%1+*t%" pugare0ca$e +*sea#*& a curai0c&c +* e" se c%$&& s%'"ete"e (e p&cate"e

te#p!$a"e 3 (e ce"e %3!a$e.T!t $!#a*!-cat!"c sp%* c& +* a)%t!$%" ce"!$ (*


2/31

p%$>at!$% 1* ce ce a(%c $%>&c%* s 'apte (e #"!ste*e pe*t$% sp&3$ea 'apte"!$

"!$ +* 'aa "% D%#*e2e%.at!$% #e$te"e p$s!st!a$e (* te2a%$%"

se$c0aceste *(%">e*e a1,*( ! 1a"!a$e #a #a$e (ec,t 'apte"e %*e pe ca$e "e-a$

'ace c$e(*c!3 pe*t$% ce #!$.

*1&&t%$a (esp$e p%$>at!$% s-a c!*t%$at "a S*!a(e"e (* L?!*567@= 3B"!$e*a56e "a )%(ecata0*%

se #a p!ate +#pac& c% D%#*e2e%0'*(c& at%*c 1a ' a$%*cat +* "!c%" s%'e$*e"!$0(e

%*(e *% 1a e3 p,*a *% 1a p"&t +*t$ea>a pe(eaps&.5Te!". D!>. Speca"a II0

V.S%c%0e(.70/"a) 6:790p.


3/31

M,*t%t!$%" *e +*1a& '!a$te c"a$ c& (ac& a# #%$t c% p&cate 1!# ' pe(eps a$ (e

pe(eaps& p%te# sc&pa p$* a)%t!$%" ce"!$ 1 p$* $%>&c%*"e "!$.

A" (!"ea te4t 3 ce" #a c"asc pe ca$e se a2ea2& $!#a*!-cat!"c +* (!ct$*a

(esp$e p%$>at!$% este te4t%" (e "a I C!$.at!$% F(%$ata0*at%$a0*te*statea 3 !ect%"0 pe(epse"e

p%$'cat!a$e.

A= P$#a pe(eaps& se $e'e$& "a (%$ata0t#p%" c,t sta% s%'"ete"e +* p%$>at!$%.U*te!"!> sp%* c& pe(epse"e (* p%$>at!$% s%*t a3a (e te$"e 3 $%>&c%*"e

/se$c at,t (e e'cace0+*c,t *c %* s%'"et *% st& #a #%"t (e (!%&2ec (e a* +*

p%$>at!$%.9= A" sp%* c& p!ate (%$a s ! s%ta (e a*0%* sp%* c& *% se p!ate

4


4/31

1!$ (e t#p +* p%$>at!$%.Ce s%$p$*3 +* 1a& "a s',$3t%" "%# 1!$ sats'ace p$*

s%'e$*e"e "e>ate (e ace" s',$3t.:=

/= C,t p$1e3te *at%$a pe(epse"!$ (* p%$>at!$% ea c!*st& +*F

a.pe(eapsa (a%*e0acest "%c$% +*sea#*& p$1a$ea (e 1e(e$e a "% D%#*e2e%.Aceasta

p$!(%ce s%'"ete"!$ ! #a$e (%$e$e 3 %* a(,*c $e>$et0c& *-a% sats'ac%t +* 1a& pe*t$%

pe(epse"e te#p!$a"e (a$ ! (%$e$e te#pe$at& (e spe$a*& c& t!t%3 1!$ 1e(ea peD%#*e2e%.6=

.pe(eapsa s#%"%.Ac s-a p%s +*t$ea$ea0(ac& se p!t p%$'ca %*e"e s%'"ete *%#a

p$* t$steea "&%*t$c& p$!(%s& (e a#,*a$ea 1e(e$ "% D%#*e2e%U* a% $&sp%*s

+*t$-%* #!( a'$#at10(a$ ce #a #%" te!"!> cat!"c s%s* ! ast'e" (e pe(eaps&

1e*t& (* a'a$& 3 ! (e*t'c& pe aceasta c% '!c%" c%$&t!$.*s& $ea"tatea acest% '!c

(* p%$>at!$% *% e ! (!>#& 3 *c ca$ %* a(e1&$ a3a (e s>%$ ca $ea"tatea '!c%"%

(* a(.

C= Desp$e >$a1tatea pe(epse"!$0 %* te!"!> sp%* c& cea #a #c& pe(eaps& (*

p%$>at!$% e #a (%$e$!as& (e c,t cea #a c%#p"t& s%'e$*& (e pe pa#,*t.A

*% s%*t (e ac!$( c% aceasta a'$#ae0sp%*,*( c& %*e"e s%'"ete *-a% c,*(

#!$0(ec,t %*e"e >$e3e" %3!a$e 3 e *e($ept s& sp%*e# c& +* p%$>at!$% e"e a$

s%p!$ta pe(epse #a >$e"e (ec,t ce"e ce a$ ' t$e%t sa "e s%p!$te pe

pa#,*t.Te!"!> s!c!tesc c& cea #a >$a1& pe(eaps& este a#,*a$ea 1e(e$ "%

D%#*e2e%.

D= O cest%*e #p!$ta*ta este aceea a !ect%"% p%$'ca$.Sta$ea (* p%$>at!$%

p%$'c& !a$e 1*a sa% pe(eapsa p&cat%"%Acest "%c$% este 1a"a" pe*t$% p&cate"e

1e*a"e c% ca$e #!a$e c*e1a0c&c (* p&cate"e #!$ta"e0(ac& s-a p!c&t0*% -a%

$as (e c,t p&cate"e te#p!$a"e0(ec *%#a acestea se c%$&& +* p%$>at!$%.

a.*s& +*t$ea$ea eFC%# s%*t e$tate p&cate"e 1e*a"e +* p%$>at!$%0c% ca$e e p&tats%'"et%" +* #!#e*t%" #!$/e""a$#* ! e4p"c& p$*t$-! p!c&*& 1$t%a"& pe ca$e !

'ac s%'"ete"e * p%$>at!$%.E" sp%*e ast'e"FP&cate"e 1e*a"e s%*t e$tate *

p%$>at!$%0p$* acte"e (e %$e 3 (e $&(a$e0pe ca$e "e p$!(%c s%'"ete"e +*

s%'e$*&J(e 'apt aceast& accepta$e a pe(epse (at& (e D%#*e2e%021!$,*( (* %$e

p!ate ' *%#t& ! p!c&*& 1$t%a"& 3 c% t!ate c& *% e p$!p$%2s #e$t!$e0pe*t$% c&


5/31

*% #e$t& ! a%>%#e*ta$e a >$ae sa% a s"a1e0ea p!ate !*e e$ta$ea

p&cate"!$.5C!*t$!1e$saeDe p%$>at!$e0Ope$a0e(.V1es0t.III0"a A.Mce"0P!%$>at!$e0a$t.+*

Dct.(e Te!".cat.0t.XIII060c!"67:at!$% *% e4st& s%cces%*0c (%$ata %*% #!#e*t0'&$&

s%cces%*0(ec 3 s%'e$*a (e ac!"! t$e%e c!*cep%t& ca ! (%$at& "pst& (e

5

sc#&$0t!t%3 s%'e$*a "ps$ (e D%#*e2e% p$!(%ce s%'"et%"% ('e$te

se*t#e*te0ca$e se s%cce( $ea"0c% $e>$ete0(%$e$ 3 acte (e s%p%*e$e 1!*e (1*e.6at!$% s%*t

'4ate +* sta$ea (e >$ae 3 e"e s%*t s>%$e (e #,*t%$ea "!$.

a=.P$#%" p%*ct "-a% s%s*%t te!"!> p!stt$(e*t*0$esp*>,*( a'$#aa "% L%te$0c&

s%'"ete"e (* p%$>at!$% a$ p&c&t% c!*t*%%0pe*t$% c& *% a$ accepta pe(epse"e "!$0(e

ca$e a% !$!a$e.6= E sp%* c& s%'"ete"e p"ec,*( (e ac s%*t +*t&$te +* sta$ea +* ca$e a%p"ecatF'e +* *e0'e +* $&%.Sp$e e4e#p"% (ac& s%'"ete"e (* p%$>at!$%0p"ec,*( (e ac

+* sta$ea (e >$ae0s%*t c!*'$#ate +* ea 3 (ec p$* ea +* *e 3 *% #a c!#t *c

p&cate #!$ta"e *c 1e*a"e.Da$ pe*t$% 'apt%" c& s%*t c!*'$#ate +* >$ae0s%'"ete"e (*

p%$>at!$% *% p!t *c s& pa$(& aceast& >$ae p$* (e#e$t0*c s& c$easc& p$*

#e$t.Pe(pse"e (* p%$>at!$% s%*t 1!"%*ta$e0a(c& accepate (e 1!*a s%'"et%"% c%


6/31

s%p%*e$e $ec%*!sc&t!a$e 3 %t!a$e 'a& (e D%#*e2e%03t*( c& e"e s%*t #)"!c%" (e

a a)%*>e "a 'e$c$e.

=.D* t!t ce a# sp%s #a s%s $e2%"t& c& s%'"ete"e (* p%$>at!$% s%*t s>%$e (e

#,*t%$ea "!$.Aceast& ce$tt%(*e este %*a speca"&0ca$e e4c"%(e tea#a0(a$ *%

spe$a*a.Be$c$ea $e2e$1at& acest!$ s%'"ete este 1t!a$e0*% p$e2e*t&0e"e spe$& (a$ *%

se te# c& ! 1!$ pe$(e.Aceast& ce$tt%(*e a #,*t%$ e *1!cat& (e t! te!"!> ca %*a(e1&$ s>%$.68=

at!$% 3 p$* asta e'ect%" )e$t'$ "% H$st!s

se +*t*(e 3 as%p$a "!$.Da$ (* acest p$*cp% )%st0te!"!> cat!"c *% t$a> c!*c"%2

"a 'e" (e )%ste.D%p& p&$e$ea "!$0)e$t'a "% H$st!s *% se e4t*(e c% p%te$ea +*s&3 p,*a

"a s%'"ete"e (* p%$>at!$%0c p$* pa$tcpa$ea 3 sats'aca ce"!$ 1 ca$e pa$tcp& "a

aceast& S',*t& Ke$t'&.*s& )e$t'a e%a$stc& p!ate a1ea %* e'ect as%p$a ace"!$a +*

'!$#a #pe$at!$e0ce 1 $%>,*(%-se "% D%#*e2e% ca Ke$t'a e%a$stc& s& "e 'e

ace"!$a (e '!"!s pe*t$% sats'aca a(%s& (e H$st!s.Da$ acest e'ect (ep*(e (e

%*&1!*a "% D%#*e2e%0*c acesta +*s& *% e %* e'ect s>%$0c&c D%#*e2e% *% p!ate

' !">at s& +*(ep"*easc& aceast& ce$e$e.* #!( $e>%"at #a p%te# a)%ta aceste

s%'"ete (* p%$>at!$%0p$* #e$t 3 sats'ace.

Ope$a sats'ac&t!a$e p!ate ' (e'*t& ast'e"F! !pe$& a" c&$e c$acte$ e4pe$at!$ !'e$&

"% D%#*e2e% ! c!#pe*sae pe*t$% pe*t$% pe(eapsa te#p!$a"&0(at!$at& +*c& pe*t$%

p&cate"e e$tate.6=

.C,te1a aspecte sec%*(a$e a"e p$!"e#e

6


7/31

a=.* p$#%" $,*( "!c%" p%$>at!$%"%.Re'e$t!$ "a aceast& p$!"e#&0te!"!> cat!"c

#a *! se e4p$#& c% t!t #a #%"t& $e2e$1a$e.*a*te e 1!$ea% cate>!$c (esp$e %*

"!c a*%#e a p%$>at!$%"%.*s& t!t%3 %* s%s* c& se p!ate 1!$ (e %* "!c a"

p%$>at!$%"%0p$ec%# se p!ate 1!$ (e %* "!c a" a(%"% 3 (e a"t%" a" $a%"%0(a$

*%#a p$* a"e>!$e c% "!c%$"e (* "%#e0'&$& s& c%*!a3te# se*s%" p$ecs +* ca$e p!ate

' ap"cat acest "!c a" 1e (e (c!"!. =.O p$!"e#& sec%*(a$& este p%s& ast'e"0(ac& se p!t a($esa (e c&t$e ce

10$%>&c%* s%'"ete"!$ (* p%$>at!$%.Te!"!> ce 1ec $esp*> aceast& (ee.*s& ce

#a *!0a(#t $%>&c%*"e c&t$e s%'"ete"e (* p%$>at!t%.U* te!"!> sp%* c& #!$ se

p!t !c%pa (e *t$ese"e ce"!$ 10ca$ '&$& a c%*!a3te sta$ea "!$ a3a c%# *! s&1,$3#

!pe$e pe*t$% e '&$& a"e c%*!a3te sta$ea.E sp%* ca s%'"ete"e (e ac!"! p!t c%*!a3te

sta$ea ce"!$ 10*% p$* e +*330c p$* s%'"ete"e ce"!$ ce #e$> (* 1aa aceasta ac!"!

sa% p$* D%#*e2e% " se $e"e1ea2&.Ap! sp%* e #a e 3 s%'e$*a0ca$e *% e at,t (e

#a$e ca s& t%"%$e sp$t%" +*c,t s& *% se p!at& $%>a 3 e pe*t$% s%'"ete" ce"!$ 10a

c&$!$ a#*t$e ! p&st$ea2&.*s& #a #%"t t$e%e s& se $!a>e s%'"ete"e ce"!$ 1 pe*t$%

s%'"ete"e ce"!$ (* p%$>at!$%.6@= Me*!* +*s& c& $%>&c%*"e ce"!$ 1 *% s%*t at,t

(e *ecesa$e pe*t$% ce (* p%$>at!$%.U* a)%t!$ (e!set 3 #p!$ta*t +" p$#esc aceste

s%'"ete 3 p$* *(%">e*e"e p"&tte0ca$e sp%* e + a)%t& "a #,*t%$e.69=

O c!*c"%2e p$1t!a$e "a +*1&&t%$a (esp$e p%$>at!$%0(%p& c%# s-a p%t%t 1e(ea

(* ce"e (e #a s%s0*% a$e a2& +* $e1e"aa (1*&.Ea st& * c!*t$a2ce$e c% (!>#a

(esp$e ca$acte$%" (ep"* sats'&c&t!$ a" )e$t'e "% D%#*e2e% 3 c% te4te"e S'*te

Sc$pt%$0ca$e *e a$at& c& (%p& #!a$te0*#e* *%-3 #a p!ate a)%ta c% *#c pe*t$%

#,*t%$ea sa.Ea este ! #ete#ps!2& p&>,*& sp$t%a"2at&.C&c (%p& c%# ac!"! se

c$e(e c& !#%" se p%$'c& p$* ('e$te s%'e$*e a"e $e,*ca$*&$0t!t a3a se c$e(e ac0c&

!#%" se p!ate p%$'ca0s*>%$0(a$ sp$t%a"ce3te0'&$& $e,*ca$*a$e. Aceast& +*1&&t%$& (esp$e p%$>at!$%0sea#&*& c% (!ct$*a !$>e*st& (esp$e

ap!catasta2&.D!ct$*a aceasta a '!st c!*(a#*at& "a S*!(%" V Ec%#e*c0/se$ca

O$t!(!4& a $esp*s +* t!(ea%*a 3 $esp*>e 3 +* 2%a (e a2 (!ct$*a (esp$e

p%$>at!$%.


8/31

D* p%*ct (e 1e(e$e #!$a"0(!ct$*a (esp$e p%$>at!$% este ! +*1&&t%$&

(&%*&t!a$e0pe*t$% c& ea (%ce "a *ep&sa$e0!#%" 3t*( c& 3 +* 1aa (e (*c!"! este %*

"!c %*(e +3 p!ate (!,*( #,*t%$ea 3 ast'e" *% se s#te +*(e#*at s& se 'e$easc& ac

pe p,*t0(e p&cate.E" c$e(e c& a$e t#p ac!"! * p%$>at!$% s&-3 p!at& e4pa

p&cate"e. Aceast& (!ct$*& ! $esp*> p,*& 3 p$!testa* (e t!ate *%a*e"e.

P%$>at!$%" e ! *!1ae *t$!(%s& (e ap%se*0+* (!ct$*a esat!"!>e c$e3t*e.Ca 3a"te *!1a0ea a c!*t$%t "a s"&$ea %*t& c$e3t*e 3 "a s',3e$e c&3 "%

H$st!s.De aceea s& $%> pe D%#*e2e% s& "%#*e2e pe ce ce s-a% a&t%t (e "a

a(e1&$0sp$e a se p%tea +*t!a$ce (* *!% "a e"0pe*t$% c& t!0 c% %* >"as0s& p%te#

#&$t%$s %* D!#* 3 ! c$e(*&.6:=

/.NVTURA MILENAR

5MILENARISMUL=

Dac& p,*& ac%# a# 1!$t (esp$e ! (!ct$*& cat!"c& 3 a*%#e (esp$epurgatoriu,+*

ce"e ce %$#ea2& 1! +*ce$ca s& 1!$esc (esp$e ! (!ct$*& p$!testa*t& 3 a*%#e

milenarismul,! +*1&&t%$& ca$e "a 'e" ca 3 cea"a"t& *% a$e *c %* te#e *c +* S',*ta

Sc$pt%$& (a$ *c +* S',*ta T$a(e.Este ! +*1&&t%$& >$e3t& p!$*t& (e "a

*te$p$eta$ea >$e3t& a %*!$ te4te (* Ap!ca"ps&.

*t$e a (!%a 1e*$e a D!#*%"% 3 K%(ecata !3teasc&0(esp$e ca$e 1! (sc%ta +*t$-%*

capt!" %$#at!$0este ! st$,*s& "e>&t%$&.E"e se 1!$ +*t,#p"a "a %* *te$1a" sc%$t (e t#p

%*a (e a"ta.A# p%te 2ce c& este 1!$a (!a$ (e c,te1a c"pe.U* e$etc s-a% a&t%t (e

"a c$e(*a aceasta s%s*,*( c& +*t$e aceste (!%& e1e*#e*te e4st& %* $&st#p (e


9/31

6 (e a*.Ace3ta s%s* c& D!#*%" H$st!s 1a 1e* pe p,*t c% 6 (e a*

+*a*tea )%(ec& %*1e$sa"e 3 c,*( 1a $e1e* 1a (st$%>e 3 pe (a1!"%"01a $e,*1a

#!$ ce ($ep01a +*te#ea ! +#p&$&e *!%& +* ca$e 1a (!#* +#p$e%*& c% ($ep

t#p (e 6 (e a*.Ia$ "a s',$3t%" aceste pe$!a(e 1!$ +*1a ap! ce"a" #!$ 3 1a

' )%(ecata %*1e$sa"&.Dec at& c& (%p& >,*($ea "!$ +*1e$ea #!$"!$ 1a a1ea "!c +*

(!%& $ep$2e.*1&&t%$a aceasta +*t$%c,t 1!$e3te (e +#p&$&a (e ! #e (e a* aD!#*%"%0a '!st *%#t& 3 "as#5-! #e= sa% #"e*a$s# +* "at*&0te$#e*%"

'*( $e(atF#""e0#""a 3 ca$ #""a$%#. 7=

*1&&t%$a (esp$e #"e*% se +*cea$c& a ' '%*(a#e*tat&0c%# 1!# 1e(ea0pe

te4t%" (e "a Ap!ca"psa S',*t%"% I!a* Te!"!>%"0cap.700%*(e se sp%*eFsuletele

celor tiai pentru mrturia lui isus i pentru cuvntul lui "umne#eu,care nu s-au

$nc%inat iarei,nici c%ipului ei,i nu au primit semnul ei pe runtea i mna lor,au$nviat i au $mprit cu &ristos mii de ani0te$#e*%" '*( t$a(%s (e

#"e*a$3t p$* o mie de ani.

B!$#%"a0ca s& sp%*e# a3a0ca$e a '$,*tat '!a$te #%"te #* 3 a $&t&ct pe #%"

este aceast& e4p$ese >$eceasc& .P$#%" te$#e* este %* *%#e$a" '!"!st

*%#a "a p"%$a" 3 *%#a +* $a$e ca2%$ 3 "a s*>%"a$0c% a$tc!".La p"%$a"0a$tc%"at sa%

*e a$tc%"at +*sea#*& mii sa% miile 3 (ec *%#a c% a$tc!"%" "a s*>%"a$ p!ate+*se#*a o mie.A" (!"ea te$#e* a" e4p$ese este 0p"%$a"%" s%sta*t1%"%

-a*%"03 +* e4p$ese # (e a* sa% #"e (e a*.N%#e$a"%" >$ec a$e *%#a

'!$#a (e p"%$a"5"!-"a-"a=0a$ +* e4p$esa $espect1&0s%sta*t1%" +*s!t!$

'*( (e >e*%" *e%t$% e '!"!st& '!$#a *e%t$& "a.E4p$esa >$eac& a '!st t$a(%s& +*

V%">ata (e Ie$!*# p$* e4p$esa "at*& #""e a** sa% a**!s #""e0*%#e$a"%"

"at* '*( *1a$a" "a s*>%"a$ 3 "a p"%$a"3 *(ec"*a". t!t s% aceast& '!$#&

*1a$a"& a t$ec%t 3 +* ce"e"a"te "#0t$a*sc$*(%-se "at*esc%" #""e+*t!c#a.

*s& pe*t$% aceast& e4p$ese (c!*a$e"e (a% e4e#p"e ('e$te (*

a%t!$ c"asc ca$e '!"!sesc acest *%#e$a" "a s*>%"a$0ca e4cepe0a$ "a p"%$a" ca

$e>%"&.Ast'e" +* "#a >$eac& 1!# >&s "as ($a#as-o mie de dra%me "a

s*>"a$0a$ "a p"%$a" "a etsa%ta "a et0+*se#*,*( # sa% #"e (e a*.Dac&


10/31

!

e s& 1!$# 3 (e te$#e*%" "at*esc #""e 0"a s*>%"a$ 3 p"%$a" !se$1

%$#&t!a$e"e0"a s*>%"a$ e" apa$e (%p& Cce$! #""e e%tes-o mie de clrei0a$ "a

p"%$a" (%p& H!$a% #"a ca$a!$%# e%*t-mii de bondari se strng0sa% t!t (%p&

acesta te*tat #""e #!(s-$ncearc $n mii de eluri. Dec (ac& "at*esc%" #""e ca$e este *1a$a" "a s*>%"a$ 3 "a p"%$a"0p$!(%ce

c!*'%2e0""a+*s&0ca$e a$e *%#a '!$#a (e p"%$a"0pe*t$% s*>%"a$ '!"!s(%-se

""as0c%# s-a #a sp%s0este as!"%t c"a$ c& +* te4te"e a#*tte *% p!ate ' t$a(%s&

(ec,t p$* # (e a* sa% #"e (e a*.76=

at& (ec c& +* a2a *te$p$et&$ >$e3te a aceste e4p$es s-a% '&c%t s%te (e

ca"c%"e pe*t$% 1e*$ea pe p,*t a M,*t%t!$%"%.Ce ce 'acea% ca"c%"e se a3tepta% c&

H$st!s 1a ap&$ea +* )%$%" a*%"% 60(a$ t!c#a at%*c s-a $%pt %#a*tatea /se$c

+* (!%&.*s& (%p& c,te1a sec!"e0#a e4act p$* sec. XVI apa$e0Ma$ea Re'!$#& a

P$!testa*ts#%"%0ca$e a 'a1!$2at apa$a +* "%#e a %*% *%#&$ #a$e (e secte.

Ace3ta +* a2a te4t%"% (e "a Ap!ca"ps&03 #e$>,*( (%p& t$a(%ce$ea >$e3t&0a%

+*cep%t t!t 'e"%" (e ca"c%"e 3 a% '&c%t *e*%#&$ate p$!!$!c$ #*c*!ase0'4,*(

te$#e*e Pa$%se ca$e t$e%a s& 1*& (e at%*c (e 2ec (e !$.* t$%'a "!$ ace3t

p$!!$!c ca"c& +* pc!a$e 3 *es!c!tesc 3 pe M,*t%t!$%" H$st!s0ca$e a sp%s

cte>!$c c& (e 2%a 3 ceas%" ace"a *%#a D!#*%" 3te0c&c *%#a E" a$e 1$e#%$"e

s% st&p,*$ea Sa.

Ca$ 3 (%p& 1ecea t$a(%ce$e a e4p$ese ta "a et0 *% t! c!*t*%at!$ 3

te!"!>0ca$ 3 (*t$e p$!testa* a% +*e"es-! ca ! #e (e a*0c ca %* t#p

*e(ete$#*a*t0c%$>&*( +*t$e ce"e (!%a 1e*$ a"e D!#*%"%Fp$#a ca M,*t%t!$0a

(!%a ca D$ept K%(ec&t!$ 3 #p&$at.77= P!t$1t aceste *te$p$et&$ Is%s H$st!s 1a 1e* a (!%a !a$&0+*a*te (e s',$3t%"

"%# 3 1a +*te#ea ! +#p&$&e (e ! #e (e a* pe p+*t c% ce a"e30ca$e 1!$ &*1a

+*t,0+*a*te (e +*1e$ea t%t%$!$ #!$"!$ 3 (e K%(ecata (* %$#&.A" c!*cep aceast&

+#p&$&e (%p& K%(ecata >e*e$a"&.


11/31

De aceast& +#p&$&e #"e*st&0sp%* ace3ta0se 1!$ %c%$a #a +*t, ce a"e30ce

($ep0at,t ce 10c,t 3 ce +*1a.P&c&t!3 ca$e *% 1!$ ' #%$t 1!$ pet$ece * t#p%"

e +* te#*&0(e3 (%p& a"t& p&$e$e0($ep1!$ pet$ece t#p%" e * ce$0c% H$st!s0a$

sata*a c% +*>e$ "% 3 c% p&c&t!3 ca$e *% a% #%$t 1!$ ' pe p,*t%" p%stt.La

s',$3t%" #"e*%"% se 1a (a ($%#%" sata*e 0a$ p&c&t!3 1!$ +*1a.Sata*a c% +*>e$

"% 3 c% p&c&t!3 se 1!$ $(ca +#!t$1a "% H$st!s 3 a ($ep"!$0(a$ 1!$ ' *#ct!ta".D%p& a"t& p&$e$e0p&c&t!3#!$ 1!$ +*1a pe*t$% K%(ecata %*1e$sa"& *%#a (%p&

%"t#a $&sc!a"& a sata*e 3 a pac&t!3"!$ (e pe p,*t 1a ' +*'$,*t&.

5M%""e$0"aP$.P$!'.($.D.St&*"!ae0!p.ct.0p.&t%$& ce sp%* e c% te4t%"

(e "a Ap!ca"ps& [email protected]& a$ ' s& 1!$# (esp$e ! +#p&$&e (e ! #e (e a* pe

p,*t ,* se*s p$!p$%0a$ +*se#*a s& at$%# 'ec&$% 1e%t!$ 1,$sta #at%sa"e#c&

(e ! #e (e a*0ceea ce ! #*te *!$#a"& *% p!ate c!*cepe a3a ce1a.

Iat& c&te1a (* ca"c%"e"e #"e*steF

6.La Da*" 9060se 1!$e3te p$!'etc (esp$e t$ece$ea a 7


12/31

Ne,#p"*(%-se0s-a sp%s c& s-a >$e3t ca"c%"%" #ate#atc 3 c& *% #a

ap$!pe$ea p!ate ' 3t%t&.7=

7.U* a"t ca"c%"0sp%*e a3aFCe"e 2"e a"e c$ae5Bac.608-,*( te4te

p$!'etce (* pe$!a(a e4"%"% sa% te4te s% ('e$te (!#*a sa% $!.Ne,*e"e>,*(

(e 'apt (eea c& "%c$%" acesta +" 3te *%#a D%#*e2e% 3 (ac& e$a *e1!e (e ca"c%"

!#e*esc0M,*t%t!$%" *% #a *(ca *c %* se#* p$e1estt!$ 1e*$ acestea.

N%#&$%" #"!$ (e a* e *e!t&$,t0*% %*a c # (e a*.QDa$ c,te # (e a*

N%#a D%#*e2e% 3te0*! *% 3t#.Bapt%" acesta a '!st +*s& p,*& +* p$e2e*t *es!c!tt

(e t! 3 a (at *a3te$e "a ce"e #a 'a*tastce *te$p$et&$7=

V! sta" p$* c,te1a p%*cte (e ce #"e*a$s#%" este ! +*1&&t%$& >$3taF

a= E s%s* c& 1!$ ' (!%& +*1e$ a"e #!$"!$0"a (sta*& +*t$e e"e (e 6 (e

a*.Ma este +* c!*t$a(ce c% ce *e-a 2s M,*t%t!$%"0c& ($ep 1!$ +*1a +*

2%a (e ap!5I!a* 0J8= 3 *c (e c%# +*a*tea p&c&t!3"!$.Ia$ M,*t%t!$%"

*e sp%*eF1*e ceas%" c,*( t! ce (* #!a$te 1!$ a%2 >"as%" L% 3 1!$ e30ce

ce a% '&c%t 'apte %*e0sp$e +*1e$ea 1e0a$ ce ce a% '&c%t 'apte $e"e sp$e

+*1e$ea !s,*($5I!a* 8079-7:== * ceea ce p$1e3te cea (e-a (!%a 1e*$e a D!#*%"%0Re1e"aa (1*& *e sp%*e

c& !(at& c% aceasta 1a ' 3 )%(ecata %*1e$sa"&5Mate 780


13/31

1#

3 cea (e a t$ea0+#p&$&a >"!$e ca$e %$#ea2& (%p& K%(ecta %*1e$sa"&.*s& +* S',*ta

Sc$pt%$& se 1!$e3te *%#a (e (!%& +#p&$&0a Ha$%"% ca$e *e (e "a p$#a 1e*$e a

D!#*%"% p,*& "a K%(ecata %*1e$sa"&5I C!$.068078=0a$ cea (e-a (!%a ca$e *e (e "aK%(ecata %*1e$sa"& +* *'*t5L%ca 60&

e4ste*a $a%"% 3 a(%"%0e s!c!t*(%-se a"e3 a #"e*%"%.De 'apt

#"e*3t *c *% p!t ' *%# c$e3t*0c a(ep a %*!$ te4te "ce (* ca$e 3-

a% c$eat ! (!ct$*&.

'= /se$ca a c!*(a#*at #"e*a$s#%" "a S*!(%" II Ec%#e*c5


14/31

11

PARTEA A-I I-A

KUDECATA PARTICULAR I UNIVERSAL

A.KUDECATA PARTICULAR

C$e(*a +*t$-! )%(ecat& pa$tc%"a$& sa% a*tcpat&0ca$e a$e "!c (%p& #!a$tea

'2c&0c+*( s%'"et%" +* p$e2e*a "% D%#*e2e%0(& s!c!tea"& (e +*t$ea>a 1a&0apa$*e


15/31

esat!"!>e !$t!(!4e.Aceast& )%(ecat& este %* 'e" $ecapt%"a$e c!*3te*t& a +*t$e>

1e.79=

T! S'* P&$* +#p$e%*& c% D%#*e2ee3t"e Sc$pt%$ 3 S'+*ta

/se$c&O$t!(!4&0a$at& c&0#e(at (%p& #!a$te a$e "!c )%(ecata pa$tc%"a$&0! a*%#t&

)%(ecat& a 'c&$% s%'"et !#e*esc0(e!set& (e K%(ecata %*1e$sa"&0ca$e 1a ' "a

s',$3t%" "%#0(%p& +*1e$ea t%t%$!$ #!$"!$ (* #!$#*te.L%c$%" acesta +*s&*-"sp%*e c% ! c"a$tate pe$'ect& S',*t%" Ap!st!" Pa1e"F H!t&$,t este !a#e*"!$s& #!a$&

!(at& 35+*(at&= (%p& aceea s%*t )%(eca 5E1$e :07@=

Rea"tatea )%(ec& pa$tc%"a$e #e(at (%p& #!a$tea 'ec&$% (* *! !a#e*0a%

p$e(cat-! "%$t 3 S'* P&$*.A3a (%p& c%# sp%*e S',*t%" I!a* H$s!st!#F

Nimeni din vieuitorii de pe pmnt care n-au primit de#legare de pcate,la

trecerea lor n viaa viitoare,nu pot s scape de pedeaps pentru ele,ci precum aici

clctorii de lege aduc din $nc%isoare la judect $n legturi,aa i toate suletele

dup ieirea lor din viaa aceasta,se duc la judecata cea $nricoat erecate in

elurite legturi ale pcatelor lor'(rsind viaa aceasta ne vom arta $naintea

tribunalului $nricoat,unde vom da seam de toate aptele noastre.i de vom i

rmai $n pcat,ne vom supune $nttrbrii i pedepsei)iar de vom avea parte de luare

aminte de noi $nine,vom merita cunun i bunuri negrite'*$t vreme suntem

aici,avem sperane bune,dar odat plecai acolo,nu va mai i $n puterea noastra a ne

poci i a ne curi de pcate.+rebuie deci a ne pregti mereu de plecare.*e vom

ace noi cnd "umnul ne va c%ema $n ast sear sau mine'5O#.(esp$e La2&$0II

*.=. 79=

Dec at& c,t (e c"a$ *e 1!$e3te S'. I!a* H$s!st!# (esp$e aceast& )%(ecat&

pa$tc%"a$&0+*s& "%c$%" acesta *% +" p$e2*t& *%#a e".U* a"t S'+*t P&$*te ca$e *e

1!$e3te (esp$e )%(ecata pa$tc%"a$& este S'. D#t$e a" R!st!1%"% 0e" sp%*e a3aFNoi,cretinii ortodoci,este destul a atepta $n iecare #i i $n iecare noapte,ora

necunoscut a sritului vieii noastre i a i gata de plecare.colo este pentru

iecare $ndeosebi o judecat $nricoat $nainte de $nricoata judecat

universal.urind iecare om se judec $ndeosebi cci atuncivede toate aptele

sale'/ra aceasta s-o ateptm noi nnencetat,precum ne $ndeamn "omnul01ii


16/31

gata,caci $n ora care nu gndii,1iul /mului va veni! 5L%ca 670J S'. D#t$e a"

R!st!1%"%0 Ce$cet&$0798-=. 7:=

12

Aceast& )%(ecat& se (e!see3te (e cea !3teasc& p$* 'apt%" c& $&sp"ata (at& ac%# *%

este c!#p"et&0*c (e'*t1&.N% este (e'*t1& pe*t$% c& a$e +* 1e(e$e *%#a 'apte"es&1,$3te0t$ec%t%" !#%"%0*% 3 c!*sec*e"e "!$ as%p$a c!*te#p!$a*"!$ 3 a

>e*e$a"!$ %$#at!a$e.N% este c!#p"et&0pe*t$% c& se (& (!a$ s%'"et%"% *% 3

t$%p%"%0!$ '$esc este ca 3 t$%p%"0ca$e a se$1t s%'"et%"% ca #)"!c (e #a*'esta$e +*

"%#e0s& a pa$te "a %c%$a sa% +*t$sta$ea s%'"et%"%.

K%(ecata pa$tc%"a$& este 'ac%t& (e B%" "% D%#*e2e% +*t$%pat0(e M,*t%t!$%"

H$st!s0pe*t$% c& Tat&" *% )%(ec& pe *#e*0c t!at& )%(ecata a (at! B%"%5I!a*

8077=.M,*t%t!$%" a "%at '$ea !#e*easc&0a 1e%t p$*t$e !a#e* 3 a$e +*e"e>e$e

pe*t$% s"&c%*"e "!$.E" ce$e (e "a !a#e* ceea ce (* p$!p$e e4pe$e*& 3te c& se

p!ate +*(ep"* (e c&t$e e.

A%t!$%" )%(ec& este H$st!s *% +* se*s%" c& E" $!ste3te se*t*e"e a$t$a$e sa%

c*'!$# %*!$ "e> #pe$s!*a"e0c +* se*s%" c& (* E" se $e1a$s& 1aa 3 'e$c$ea

c!#%*%* (ep"*e peste ce ce a% 1e%t (%p& p"(a L% 3 s-a% ase#&*at c%

E"0a1,*( +* e +*c& (* 1aa aceasta t!at& "%#*a 3 %c%$a c!#%*%* c% E"0a$ ce

ce *% L-a% %$#at 1!$ $,*e *t$-! "ps$e (e'*t1& (e %c%$a aceste c!#%*%* c%

E"0Pe$s!a*a-I21!$0a t!at& %$ea D%#*e2easc& 3 !#e*easc&.e$ 3 (e (%%$"e $e"e.C!*3t*a !#%"% ! 1a '!"!s ca s&

c%*!asc& !#%" c& *% a '!st )%(ecat pe *e ($ept.C!*3t*a0este )%(ec&t!$%" !#%"% 3

+* t#p%" 1e p+*te3t0+*s& +* #!#e*t%" #!$ ea 1a ' "%#*at& +* cp (e!set(e D%#*e2e% 3 1a )%(eca c% 3 #a #%"t& p$ec2e 'apte"e !#%"%.Pe c,*( pe +" 1a

!s,*(0a$ !s,*(a a(%s& (e ea 1a p$!(%ce +* s%'"et ! spa#& >$!2a1&0pe !#%" ($ept +"

1a #,*>,a 3 #,*>,e$ea e + 1a a(%ce +* s%'"et pace 3 "*3te.


17/31

C!*3t*a !#%"% 1a ' '!"!st& (e D%#*e2e% 3 ca ($ept #a$t!$0*% c& H$st!s *%

a$ c%*!a3te +*t$ea>a 1aa a acest%a (a$ 1$ea ca ce" )%(ecat s& *% a& *c %* (%%

as%p$a )%(ec& sa"e.

Nc!(at& !#%" *% e at,t (e #%"t 'a& +* 'a& c% c!*3t*a sa0ca at%*c.Nc %*

p$ete* *% +" 1a p%tea a)%ta '&$& te#e +* c!*3t*a sa.QPe (e a"t& pa$te0+*t$-%* #!(

pa$a(!4a"0e +3 (a% t!t%3 sea#a c& *e'e$c$ea "!$ se (at!$e3te *ec!#%*%*J(a$ *%p!t e3 (* sta$ea (e a ! $e'%2a.De aceea0+*t$-%* 'e" c!*3t*a +" !s,*(e3te 3 sta$ea +*

ca$e se a'"& este ! sta$e (e c*. e$,*( >$e3e""e '&c%te (e

ce" (ece(at0(ac& e"e *% s%*t (e t!t #a$ 3 s#t c& acesta a$ p%tea s& "e scape.Q

De#!* 'ac acestea +* a2a 'apt%"% c& $e* c% >$)& 3 c% "&c!#e t!ate 'apte"e 3>,*(%$"e $e"e a"e !a#e*"!$ ca$e + sptesc03 "e %$#&$esc (* 1&2(%%" pe ca$e-"

%#p"% +* cp *e1&t%tQ P$ec%# a% c&2%t e (* a(e1&$ata +*&"#e (e +*>e$0a3a

%$#&$esc s& *e c!!a$e 3 pe *! (* a(e1&$ata %#a*tate0sa% s& *e +#p(ce s& !

$ea"2&(&$*c*( #&$e%" p"a* a" c$eae 3 a" #,*t%$ "% D%#*e2e%.


18/31

E4ste*a )%(ec& pa$tc%"a$e este )%st'cat& 3 (e "!>c&.Dac& *% e4st& aceast&

)%(ecat&0at%*c s%'"ete"e (ece(ea"!$Fa= sa% a3teapt& )%(ecata %*1e$sa"&0'*( p+*&

at%*c +*t$-! sta$e (e s!#*0sa% +*t$-! a3tepa$e c*%t!a$e at,t pe*t$% ($ep c,t 3

pe*t$% p&c&t!30 = sa% c!*t*%& 3 (*c!"! (e #!$#,*t sa (e21!"te ! act1ate

#!$a"&.!$a5sec.II= 2ce c& (ac& *% este $&sp"at& +* 1aa 1t!a$e0at%*c

!#%" *% se (e!see3te c% *#c (e a*#a"e./a #a #%"t0+* ace" ca2 a*#a"e"e s%*t

#a 'e$cte0c&c ce" p%* e"e *% a3teapt& 1$e! $&sp"at&0pe c,*( !#%" (e3 ! a3teapt&0

a3tepta$ea "% a$ ' 2a(a$*c&.5Desp$e +*1e$ea #!$"!$0*.6:-70P.G.0667-66


19/31

Dac& a$ e4sta +*t$a(e1&$0p!s"tatea %*e (e21!"t&$ #!$a"e 3 +* 1aa (e

(*c!"!0at%*c #!$a"tatea (* 1aa p,*teasc& *% a$ #a a1ea *c %* $!st.M%" a$

t$& +* 1c 3 (es'&t&$ ac pe p,*t03t*( c& 1!$ a1ea t#p s%'ce*t (e +*($epta$e

(*c!"!0(%p& ce 1!$ #%$.

14

Sta$ea s%'"ete"!$ (%p& #!a$te.

Dac& t!t a# 1!$t (esp$e )%(ecata pa$tc%"a$&0a3 1$ea s& c!#p"ete2 acest "%c$%

1!$*( p%* 3 (esp$e ce se +*t,#p"& c% s%'"ete"e !a#e*"!$ (%p& #!a$te.

S%'"ete"e ce"!$ (ece(a (e3 (esp&$te (e t$%p0c!*t*%& s& t$&asc& 3 s& (%c& ! 1a&

sp$t%a"& +* c!*t*%a$ea ce"e (e pe pa#&*t.

S%'"ete"e ce"!$ a(!$# c%*!sc $ea"t&"e sp$t%a"e #a p$!'%*( (ec,t at%*c c,*(

e$a% +* t$%p5II C!$.06et&0(!$esc 3 s#t. %$ ca *% t! ($ep se %c%$& +* #!( e>a" (e 'e$c$e0pe*t$% c& *% +* #!(

e>a" a% s&1,$3t 'apte"e 1$t%0"a 'e" se 1a +*t,#p"a 3 c% ce p&c&t!30*% t! 1!$ '

pe(eps +* #!( e>a"0c pe #&s%$a 'apte"!$ 'ec&$%a0pe*t$% c& *% t! a% >$e3t

+*a*tea D!#*%"%. Be$c$ea ($ep"!$ +* "%#ea (e (*c!"! este (e *e(esc$s.L%c$%" acesta *e este

c!*'$#at ca$ (e S'. Ap!st!" Pa1e" +* epst!"a a II a cat$e C!$*te*0+* ca$e *e

sp%*e0c& '*( $&pt +* $a p,*& "a a" t$e"ea ce$0e" a a%2t cuvinte de nespus,pe care

nu se cuvine omului s le griasc5II C!$.0670=.*t$-%* a"t "!c0(!$*( s& (esc$e

$&sp"ata ce"!$ ce p$!p!1&(%esc c%1,*t%" "% D%#*e2e% sp%*e c&F cele ce oc%iul n-a


20/31

v#ut i urec%ea n-a au#it i la inima omului nu s-au suit,acestea le-a gtit "umne#eu

celor ce-3 iubesc pe 4l 5I C!$.070:=. Be$c$ea s%'"et%"% c!*st& +* p$#%" $,*( (*

%c%$a (e *e!p$t (e a t$& +* p$ea)#a 3 s"a1a M,*t%t!$%"% H$st!s 3 +* st,*s&

c!#%*%*e c% acesta.S'. I!a* sp%*e +* Ap!ca"ps& @06-6@F nu vor lmn#i,nici nu

vor $nseta,nici nu va mai cdea soarele peste ei i nici o ari)cci ielul cel ce st

$n mijlocul tronului,$i va puna pe ei i- va duce $n i#voarele apelor vieii i"umne#eu va terge orice lacrim din oc%ii lor'

* c!*t$ast +*s& c% 'e$c$ea ce"!$ ($ep st& *e'e$c$ea ce"!$ pac&t!3.* p$#%"

$,*( 1!$ ' +*(ep&$ta (e "a 'aa "% D%#*e2e% 5Mate @0%$&tate 3 %$& c!*t*%& a ce"!$ a3e2a +* acea pa$te. !ste0c,*( ca p$!1e**( (* *e,*(%$a$eaL%.E

p$!p$% ce"!$ sc%'%*(a +* 1$e! pat#& (* ca$e *% p!t e30s& ca%te 1*a +* a"tc*e1a0

*% +* e03 +* %"t#a a*a"2&0+* D%#*e2e%0(e3 (* a(,*c%" %*% $est (e c!*3t*&

,3*e3te c,te!(ata 3 >&*(%" 1*!1&e "!$.


21/31

)%st'cat& p$* 'apt%" c& $ngerii 5locuiesc6 $n ceruri 5Mate 70&

s%'"et%" p,*& "a *t$a$ea +* 'e$c$e ",*>& D%#*e2e% !$ +* a(.A# p%tea sp%*e c& este

t#p%" sc%$t (e ce$ceta$e 3 (e )%(ecat&0p$ec2at +* c%"t%" /s$c p$* t#p%" (e (e

2"e.*s& S'* p&$* e4p"c& p"astc ce$ceta$ea '&c%t& s%'"et%"% t$eptat 3a#&*%*t0s% cp%" t$ece$ "% pe "a a*%#te 1.Aceasta +*s& *% t$e%e "%at +*

se*s #ate$a" c +* se*s sp$t%a"0(e!a$ece t!t ce se sp%*e (esp$e e"e se $e'e$& "a

s%'"et0ca$e este 3 e" sp$t%a".

C$te$"e )%(ec& pa$tc%"a$e s%*tF c$e(*a !#%"% +* D!#*%" *!st$% Is%s

H$st!s 5Ma$c% 606=0c% ca$e a ac!*at e" +* 1a&03 'apte"e %*e 21!$,te (*

c$e(*& 5II C!$.0:0@=. Sa% c%# sp%*e S',*t%" Ap. Pa1e" credina lucrtoare prin

iubire 5Ga".080=.Pe*t$% c& credina r apte este moart5Iac!1 706@=

U* $!" (e!set +* c,3t>a$ea 1e 1e3*ce a$e p!c&*a.Ca$ (ac& !#%" a

p&c&t%t #%"t sa% >$a1 '&$& s&-3 (ea sea#a (e >$a1tatea 'apte"!$ sa"e0(ac& s-a p!c&t

s*ce$0#&ca$ +* p$ea)#a #!$0este e$tat.N% t$e%e a#,*at +*s& p,*& +* ceas%" (*

%$#&0pe*t$% c& p&cat%" + p!ate +*t*a s%'"et%"0+" p!ate 'ace *es#t!$ 3-I p!ate "!ca

($%#%" sp$e p!c&*&.


22/31

16

/.KUDECATA UNIVERSAL SAU O/TEASC

Le>at (e )%(ecata %*1e$sa"& este 3 +*1e$ea #!$"!$ ca$e 1a a1ea %* aspect

>e*e$a".O +*t$ea$e *te$esa*t& este aceastaFC%# 1!$ +*1a #!$ 3 ca$e 1!$ '+*s%3$"e t$%p%$"!$

T$%p%$"e +*1ate 1!$ a1ea ! sta$e e(e*c&0'*(c& +* E(e* a '!st )%(ecata 3

pe(eapsa p$#"!$ !a#e*.O#%"5A(a#= 3 'e#ea5E1a=+* sta$ea pa$a(sac& *-a1ea%

"#t& (e 1a&0(e t#p0(e $e"a c% *at%$a0e$a% c!p01aa "!$ (%!1*ceasc& e$a

(ep"*&01&2,*( pe D%#*e2e% 5Bac.06079-7:=Ja$ t$%p%$"e +*1ate 3 +*(%!1*cte

1!$ 1e(ea pe ce" ca$e a p%$tat t$%p0Is%s H$st!s.A3a c%# D%#*e2e% a pe(epst pe

p$# !a#e* p$* +*"&t%$a$ea (* E(e* 3 ap! I-a $&sc%#p&$at p$* t$#te$ea

B%"%0t!t ast'e" M,*t%t!$%" Is%s H$st!s0+*cep%t%" +*1e$ *!ast$e 3 Ce" +*1at (e

c&t$e S',*t%" D% *e 1a +*1a 3 pe *! 3 *e 1a )%(eca (%p& "e>"e sp$t%"% "#tat

(e p&cate"e *!ast$e sa% p$e#&$t 3 st$&"%ct p$* 1$t%"e *!ast$e.Dec c!*(a

pe*t$% )%(ecata *!ast$& este a>a)%" 'apte"!$ *!ast$e.


23/31

ne vom sc%imba'$n nestricciune5I C!$.068087-8&.

M+*t%t!$%" H$st!s *ea (esc!pe$t se#*e"e s'+$3t%"% "%# +*c& (* t#p%"

act1t& Sa"e pe p,*t0p$* 'e"%" s&% (e a 1!$ !a#e*"!$ +* p"(e0sp$ee4e#p"%F(esp$e *e>*e 5Mate 6$e0se (a% "a st,*>a 3 1!$ #e$>e sp$e !s,*(a cea 1e3*c&.

L!c%" (e )%(ecat& 1a ' p,*t%"0%*(e a% t$&t !a#e* 3 a% s&1,$3t 'apte"e

pe*t$% ca$e 1!$ p$# $&sp"ata0 (a$ %* p,*t *!% 0sc#at0(e#ate$a"2at0

sp$t%a"2at ca 3 t%p%$"e +*1ate. =

Bapt%" c& H$st!s )%(ec& "%#ea ca !# e ! *!%& c*ste +* ca$e se a$at& !#%"0(a$

3 ! *!%& +*(%#*e2e$e a !#%"%.* +*'&3a$ea "%0(e s%p$e#& c*ste0se 1a a$&ta ce

a$ ' t$e%t s& (e1*& !#%"0a$ +* 'apt%" c& t$e%e sa-I )%(ece pe !a#e*0c!*t$a(ca

1

+* ca$e s-a% a3e2at0sa% (sta*a "a ca$e a% $as 'a& (e *ta "a ca$e 1$!a D%#*e2e%

ca e s& a)%*>&.* H$st!s K%(ec&t!$%" !a#e* 1!$ 1e(ea +*t$-! *!%a "%#*&

%#a*tatea L% (a$ 3 pe D%#*e2e% +*t$-! *!%& (esc!pe$$e. 6=

Aceast& )%(ecat& sp%*e# c& 1a ' %*1e$sa"& +*t$%c,t e + 1!$ ' s%p%3 t!!a#e* (* t!ate t#p%$"e.* 1aa aceasta p,*teasc& *! *e *'"%e*a# %* pe

a"0+* *e sa% +* $&%.La aceast& )%(ecat& %*1e$sa"& se 1!$ 1e(ea 3 e'ecte"e acest!$

*'"%e*e.Da$ t!t !(at& c% )%(ecat %*1e$sa"& 1!$ ' )%(ecate 3 (%%$"e *ec%$ate 5II

Pet$% 70=0+*s& (%%$"e %*e a(c& +*>e$ *% 1!$ ' s%p%3 aceste )%(ec&.K%(ecata


24/31

%*1e$sa"& 1a ' s!"e#*& 3 p%"c&0+*t$%c,t se 1a 'ace c% t!at& #&$ea +* 'a&

+*t$e> "%#.

Sp%*e# c& aceast& )%(ecat& este (e'*t1& 3 s%p$e#&0+*t$%c,t se*t*a e este

1e3*c& 3 'a$& ($ept (e ape".Ia$ !#%" 1a ' $&sp"&tt (%p& 1$e(*ce sa% pe(epst

pe*t$% p&cate"e sa"e.

La )%(ecat& 1!$ pa$tcpa 3 +*>e$0(a$ *% ca )%(ec&t!$0c *%#a ca e4ec%t!$ a1!*e "% D%#*e2e% 3 ca #a$t!$ a )%(ec& *ep&$t*t!a$e.De ase#e*ea01!$

pa$tcpa 3 S'* Ap!st!"5Mate 6:079=.C%# +*s& ace3ta a% '!st !a#e* t$&t!$ pe

p,*t03 c%# )%(ec& %*1e$sa"e 1!$ ' s%p%3 t! !a#e*0+*sea#*& c& 3 e 1!$ '

)%(eca.Da$ +*t$%c,t 1aa "!$ a '!st c%$at&03 *e p"&c%t& "% D%#*e2e%0e se a'"&

ac%#0+* "%#ea (e (*c!"! +* #e(ata ap$!pe$e (e D%#*e2e% 3 t!t a3a se 1!$ a'"a

3 "a )%(ecata (* %$#&. 7=

K%(ecata (* %$#& *% se 1a 'ace a3a(a$ "a 'e" ca t!ate )%(ec&"e !#e*e3t0%*(e

e *e1!e (e a*cete0(e *te$!>&$0(e #a$t!$ 3 (e (!1e2 sc$se etc. 0c se 1a 'ace

(%p& ! p$!ce(%$& c% t!t%" speca"&.D$ept%" K%(ec&t!$0'*( At!t3t%t!$%"0*% 1a a1ea

*e1!e (e s& 'ac& ! ce$ceta$e a#&*%*t& as%p$a 'ec&$%a0*% 1a ce$e (e "a 'eca$e

$&sp%*s as%p$a t$ec%t%"% s&%5M&$t.Ot.0I06=pe*t$% a c%*!a3te acet t$ec%t0c&c E" +"

1a c%*!a3te (e-a ($ept%" 3 1a 'ace 3 pe !a#e* s&-" p!at& c%*!a3te. $%* 3 p$%c.

K%(ecata se 1a 'ace (%p& t!at& ($eptatea0p%*,*(%-se +* 'aa 'ec&$%a 'apte"e

sc$se +* c&$ (e +*>e$0 3 c%>et%" p$!p$% (& #&$t%$e pe*t% c& *#e* s& *% p!at&

sp%*e c& a '!st *e($ept&t.


25/31

L!c%" )%(ec& %*1e$sa"e0(ac& p%te# 1!$ (e %* "!c a*%#e01a '

p,*t%".E4p$esa (* S#!"%" c$e(*e sp%*e c& D!#*%" a$&3 1a s& 1*& s&

)%(ece 1 3 #!$ 0*e a$at& c& aceasta se 1a +*t,#p"a t!t pe p,*t%"0pe ca$e a

1e*t !(at& pe*t$% #,*t%$ea !a#e*"!$0+*s& (e (ata aceasta 1a 1e* ca K%(ec&t!$.Se

sp%*e ca ac!"! %*(e B%" "% D%#*e2e% a t$&t cea #a >$!a2*c& %#"*& p$*

#!a$tea pe c$%ce0t!t ac!"! ! s& 'e E" 3 p$ea#&$t. 1!

T!t%3 a(e1&$at%" "!c pe p,*t %*(e se 1a 'ace )%(ecata %*1e$sa"& *% se p!ate

3t.Re1e"aa (1*& *% *e (& *(ca #a a#&*%*te c% p$1$e "a "%c$%" acesta.

Se #a p!ate sp%*e c& 1a a1ea "!c +* p&$"e Ie$%sa"#%"%.D%p& p$!'et%" I!" 507=01a

' ap$!ape +* 1a"ea I!s'at0+*t$e #%*te"e M&s"*"!$ 3 Ie$%sa"#.Ca$ 3 *%#e"e

I!sa'at +*sea#*&F K%(ecata "% D%#*e2e%.

K%(ecata %*1e$sa"& p%*e cap&t +#p&$&e a$ce a M,*t%t!$%"% H$st!s 3 'ace

+*cep%t%" +#p&$&e >"!$e B%"% "% D%#*e2e%.


26/31

1"

C.VIAA VENIC

Vaa (e 1ec01aa 1e3*c& sa% 1aa 1eac%"% ce 1a s& 'e0c%# este *%#t& +*

a$tc!"%" XII (* S#!"%" C$e(*e0este 1aa pe ca$e ! 1!$ t$& at,t ($ep0c,t 3

p&c&t!0(%p& )%(ecata %*1e$sa"&.Ca$ (ac& +* a*%#te p$1*e ea se 1a ase#&*a


27/31

c% 1aa s%'"ete"!$ (e (%p& )%(ecata pa$tc%"a$&0t!t%3 +*t$e aceste 1e 1a '

(e!se$e.

Aceast& (e!se$e 1a c!*sta +* 'apt%" ca (%p& )%(ecata %*1e$sa"&0at,t 'e$c$ea

($ep"!$0c,t 3 *e'e$c$ea p&c&t!3"!$01a c$e3te e4te*s10c,t 3 *te*s1.E4te*s1 1!$

c$e3te (e!a$ece +* 1aa 1e3*c& at,t 'e$c$ea0c,t 3 *e'e$c$ea 1!$ ' t$&te (e s%'"et

+#p$e%*a c% t$%p%"0(ec (e pe$s!a*a &* %*tatea e ps!-'2c&0e"e c$esc,*( +*#&s%$a +* ca$e a% pa$tcpat "a s&1,$3$ea 'apte"!$ %*e sa% $e"e. = I*te*s1 +*t$%c,t

!a#e* "e 1!$ s# +*t$-! #&s%$& #%"t #a #a$e ca +*a*te (e +*1e$e.

Pe*t% S',*t%" G$>!$ee (e N?ssa01aa 1e3*c& a ce"!$ ($ep este ! +*t*(e$e

*ec!*te*t& a s%'"ete"!$ (e "a %*$ea c% D%#*e2e%0"a #a #%"t& %*$e0a$ aceast&

%*$e e" ! *%#e3te epecta2&.

* 1aa cea 1e3*c&0($ep s%*t $(ca (e D%#*e2e% (* (* s"a1& +* s"a1& c&c

*e"e (e ca$e se +#p,$t&3esc e + 'ace capa" (e pa$tcpa$ea "a %*%$ 3 #a #a$0

t$e2*(%-"e ! *!%& sete.Ia$ aceasta se (at!$e3te 'apt%"% c& !#%" ca sp$t *% p!ate '

"#tat *c e"0c%# *% p!ate ' D%#*e2e%.Da$ +*t$e !# 3 D%#*e2e% e4st& !

(e!se$e ese*&"&FD%#*e2e% este *'*t at,t +* '*& c,t 3 +* act0pe c,*( s%'"et%"

!#%"% este *'*t *%#a +* (e1e*$e0a(c& +* te*s%*ea (%p& D%#*e2e% 8=

* 1aa acesta 1e3*c& se 1!$e3te (esp$e ! "e$tate (ep"*& "a ca$e 1!$ a)%*>e

($ep +* $a 3 aceasta 1a ' ca$acte$2at& ca 3 ! (esc(e$e (!ta"& a pe$s!a*e sp$e

*'*t !p%*,*(%-se e4pe$e*e $&%"%.Aceast& "e$tate +*sea#*& (%p& S' G$>!$e (e

N?ssa0! +*t$et& e"e$a$eF

a=.+*"&t%$a$ea (12%* +*t$e t$%p 3 s%'"et.S%'"et%" '*( t!ta" p%$'cat st$&ate %*

t$%p (e1e*t %3!$ 3 "e$0*es%p%s t$e%*e"!$ 3 a'ecte"!$0%* t$%p

*estc&c!s0(%!1*cesc5I C!$.06807-=.P$* *ep&t#$e (es&1,$3t& !#%" (e1*e

e>a" c% +*>e$.T$a*spa$e*a '2c& 3 $ecp$!c& a s%'"et%"% 3 a t$%p%"% se a$at&p$*t$-! p%$tate #!$a"& 3 s*ce$tate (ep"*& 'a& (e ce ap$!pa.

=.a" (!"ea aspect a" e"e$&$ este %*'ca$ea t$ec%t%"% 3 p$e2e*t%"%0a(c& a

a#*t$ 3 spe$a*e.D$ept%" t$&*( ac%# +*t$-%* 1e3*c pte2e*t.Ast'e" ($ept%"

(e1e**( ase#e*ea c% D%#*e2e%0*% #a c%*!a3te (!$*a0'*(c& *%-I "pse3te *c

%* *e.


28/31

c=.P$* aceast& (%"& %*'ca$e s%'"et%" at*>e %*tatea p$!'%*(& a s#%$"!$ 3

+*e"e>e$.Ast'e" c%*!a3te$ea 3 %$ea (e1*e %*a.Va a1ea "!c %*'ca$ea +*t$e>%"%

(*a#s# %#a*0*t$-! %$e *ec!*te*t&0ce *e (esc!pe$& ce" #a *e 3 p$!'%*(

sp$t%" ca "e$tate (ep"*&0c!*stt%*( ce" (e a" t$e"ea aspect a" "e$t&.

2#

$iaa 1t!a$e 1a ' ase#e*ea %*e D%#*c '&$& s',$3t0sa% pa$a(s%" $e>&st 3

esat!"!>a *a%>%$at&0 3 "%#*a '&$& as'*t a 2"e a !pta +* ca$e D%#*e2e% 1a '

t!t%" 3 +* t!ate.

Aceasta a$at& c& s',$3t%" sa% 1aa (e 1ec *% este ! s#p"& $e1e*$e "a +*cep%t0!

$e1e*$e "a %* p%*ct (e %*(e p!ate $e,*cepe cc"%" te#p!$a"0c ! +*a*ta$e +* ace"a3

+*'*t.E" *% +*se#*& +*a*ta$ea +*t$-%* t#p "*ea$ *es',$3t0c&c st& "a s',$3t%"

t#p%"%0c +*t$.! *'*tate >%stat& #e$e%0(a$ ca$e *% sat%$& *c!(at&. =

*t$-%* 'e" *c +* a( *% #a e4st& t#p0pe*t% c& *% se #a e4pe$a2& +* e"

*#c *!%0pe*t$% ca *% #a este *c (a"!> *c spe$a*&.Da$ ete$*tatea (e ac!"!

este %* c* *es',$3t0e ete$*tatea t$a>c%"% '&$& e3$e0! p$&paste '&$& '%*( a

(spe$&$0ete$*tatea +*t%*e$c%"%.

C% ! p"astctate (e #a$e c!**%t sp$t%a" a (esc$s ce"e (!%& st&$ a"e

1e3*ce0S' C$" (* A"e4a*($aF

"repii dnuiesc,pctoii sunt legai."repii cnt,pctoii se tnguiesc.

"repii au cntarea,pctoii prpastia."repii $n snurile lui vraam,pctoii $n

torentele de oc ale lui 8eliar."repii $n odi%n,pctoii$n osnd."repii sercoresc,pctoi ard."repii se veselesc,pctoii se usuc de $ntristare'(e drepi

$i va desta vederea lui "umne#eu,pe pctoi $i va $ntrista vederea ocului'

"repii cu $ngerii,pctoii cu demonii'"repii vd purure aa

lui"umne#eu,pctoii stau pururea $n aa diavolului'"repii sunt iniiai de $nger


29/31

iar pctoii de demoni."repii $n cer,pctoii $n abis. 5O#"a 6 Desp$e e3$ea

s%'"et%"% 3 (esp$e 1e*$ea a(!%a a D!#*%"% P.G. @@0c!".69-696= @=

21

CONCLUII


30/31

Re1e"aa c$e3t*& c%p$*(e st!$a #,*t%$ *% %#a ca t$ec%t0c 3 ca 1t!$.

De aceea /se$ca p$!p1&(%e3te *% *%#a ceea ce D%#*e2e% a '&c%t pe*t$%

#,*t%$ea *!ast$&0c 3 ceea ce E" p$e>&te3te pe*t$% ce ce c$e( +* E". E4st& ap!

+*c$e(e$ea as!"%t& +* e$ta$ea "% D%#*e2e% pe*t$% t! ce ca$e ! (!$esc.

N! ca 3 c$e3t* O$t!(!c3 +#p$e%*& c% /se$ca a1e# (at!$a s& *e p&st$

c$e(*a c%$at& 3 s& *e 'e$# (e *e>*a 0cap$e"e *e>$e ce se a'"& p$*t$e *!0 3

(e (e"e "!$ 3 (!ct$*e"e "!$0pe*t$% c& (%p& c%# a# 1&2%t *% a% *c %* te#e 3

%*e"e s%*t (e-a ($ept%" (e (!#e*%" 'a*tastc%"%.N% 3t# (e ce0%* ete$!(!c30a%

*t$at +* aceste p$!"e#e 3 ce a% 1$%t e s& a(%c& *!% c% aceste *!1a0c%# s%*tce"e (esp$e ca$e a# 1!$0p%$>at!$%" "a cat!"c03 #"e*a$s#%" "a p$!testa0%* "%c$%

+*s& este s>%$0#+*t%$ea *% ! p!t a(%ce0pe*t$% c& asta + este ce" #a (e '!"!s

!#%"%.

O$ *! t$e%e s& a1e# >$)& 3 s& "%c$ c% '$c& "a #,*t%$ea *!ast&0t$e%e

s& 1e>e#0'*( >ata !$c,*( pe*t$% +*t!a$ce$ea M$e"%F at irele vine $n mie#ul

nopii i ericit este sluga pe care o va ala priveg%ind)iar nevrednic estev iari

cel pe cre-l gsete lenevindu-se.8e#i dar sulete al meu,cu somnul s nu te

$ngreue#i,ca s nu te dai morii i aar de 9mprie s te $ncui.5T$!pa$%" (* "%*ea

S&pt,* pat#"!$=.Este ! a3tepta$e c!*3te*t& 3 $esp!*sa"& (a$ t!(ea%*a p"*&

(e spe$*& 3 (e %c%$e0 pe*t% c& 'eca$e !# 3 1a a1ea "!c%" p$e>&tt0 (%p& c%# a

t$&t pe pa#,*t 0'e pe ca"ea cea st$,#t& sp$e H$st!s0'e pe ca"e cea "a$>& p"*& (e

1c 3 (es'&t&$ 3 at%*c 'eca$e +3 1a p$# "!c%" 3 $&sp"ata c%1e*t&.


31/31

22

ATESTAT TEOLOGIE

Documents

Transcript of ATESTAT TEOLOGIE