At the end of this unit you will be able to  Interpret graphs on the atmosphere State the purpose of ozone Read and interpret the

Electromagnetic Spectrum chart Identify the three ways that heat

transfers Label a phase diagramState the reason for seasons List the reasons that the earth is

heated unevenly

Unit 6: AtmosphereLaboratory Activities for this unit:The structure and Composition of the

AtmosphereConductionChanges in State

In your table of contentsWeather 171-72: Atmosphere vocabulary73: Atmosphere composition74: atmosphere structure 75: Sunlight and our atmosphere 75: Heat flow76: Specific heat, p 1 ESRT77: Temperature and Phase changes78: Electromagnetic energy, p 14 ESRT,

spectrum

In your table of contentsWeather 179: Energy: transfer methods (foldable)80: Intensity of light (foldable)

Now turn to page 71 and number up to page 80When you are finished numbering turn to

page 71 and title the pageUnit 6 Vocabulary: Weather 1You will be writing 13 vocabulary definitions

Conduction: Transfer of energy by direct contact, solids best

Convection: transfer of energy because of density differences

Radiation: How electromagnetic (light) energy moves, no medium needed

Ozone: molecule made of 3 atoms of oxygen, absorbs UV energy from the sun

Specific heat: how easy or hard a material is to heating or cooling

Temperature: measure of the kinetic energy of the atoms

Wavelength: distance between 2 of the same points on 2 adjacent waves

Calorie: amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celcius

Melting: adding heat to change from a solid to a liquid

Freezing: removing heat to change from a liquid to a solid

Evaporation/ vaporization: adding heat to change from a liquid to a vapor

Condensation: removing heat to change from a gas to a liquid

Sublimation: Skipping a phase, from a solid to a gas or a gas to a solid

I. Atmosphere A.  Composition (p 1, ESRT)1.Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

a. Too much = global warmingb. Acts like a blanket keeps heat inc. humans produce it by burning

fossil fuels

On page 73 of your notebook

Air We BreatheLithosphere Water

I. Atmosphere 2. . Water (H2O)

a. only substance that exists in solid, liquid and a gas, in the atmosphere

b. example: rain, hail, clouds

On page 73 of your notebook

I. Atmosphere 3. Ozone (O3)

a. protects us from Ultra Violet light (UV)

b. Absorbs UV Lightc. when the UV hits it, it naturally

destroys the Ozoned. Ozone near the surface can cause

breathing difficulties

On page 73 of your notebook

I. AtmosphereB. Structure/ Layers (p 14, ESRT) 1. Troposphere: we live in it, all the water2. Stratosphere: ozone layer3. Mesosphere4. Thermosphere

On page 74 of your notebook

Selected Properties of the Earth’s Atmosphere

On page 74 of your notebook

II. Sunlight and our atmosphere

1. Sun is the source of all energy in the atmosphere

2. Sunlight = INCOMING SOLAR RADIATION = visible light

3. P 14, ESRT, Spectrum chart4. Sunlight heats air, hot air rises because it is

less dense

On page 75 of your notebook

III. Heat 1. flows from high to lowa. High temp to low temp, until the temperatures are equal.

On page 75 of your notebook

III. Heat 2. Specific heata. amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of a substanceb. if it heats up fast it cools down fast, low Specific heat (little number)c. if it heats up slow it cools down slow, high specific heat (large number)

On page 76 of your notebook

BIG NUMBER

Heats up slow, cools down slow lots of

energy has to be absorbed

Specific heatOn page 76 of your notebook and on page 1 of your ESRT

Little number

Heats up fast, cools down fast, very little energy has to be absorbed to cause a temp

change

IV. Temperature 1. a measure of how hot or cold a substance is2. Phase changes FOLDABLE3. Meltingfreezing:

Add heat remove heat4.VaporizationCondensation

Add heat remove heat

On page 77 of your notebook

Add heat

Remove heat

Solid

Liquid

GasAdd heat

Remove heat

On page 77 of your notebook, and page 1 of your ESRT

V. Energy A.  Electromagnetic energy

1. everything gives off energy2. Spectrum, blue light, short,

hot

On page 78 of your notebook

On page 78 of your notebook, and page 14 of your ESRT

This lovely creature is smurfette, she is loved by all the smurfs in fact they think she is hot, and due to her height she is considered short

Analogy: Think smurfette, blue Analogy: Think smurfette, blue waves are short and hot!waves are short and hot!

On page 78 of your notebook

V. EnergyB. Transfer of Energy FOLDABLE1. Conduction- direct contact, metals, materials with low specific heat

Analogy: hand on the stove top

On page 79 of your notebook

When you place your hand on the handle and it

is not insulated you

will burn your hand because metals

conduct heat

On page 79 of your notebook

V. EnergyB. Transfer of Energy 2. Convection- due to density differences

Analogy: hot air balloon, or a lava lamp

On page 79 of your notebook

The hot water goes to the top because it

is less dense as it

travels across the top it cools and sinks because it is more dense

On page 79 of your notebook

Hot rises Cold sinks

On page 79 of your notebook

V. EnergyB. Transfer of Energy 3.  Radiation-sunlight, heat

a.  energy in = short wavesb. energy out = given off, re-radiated heat, long

wavelength

On page 79 of your notebook

Clouds reflect some

of the sunlight out into space

and the rest is absorbed

by the surface

V. EnergyB. Transfer of Energy 4.    Absorbers / Reflectors

a. Dark, rough, absorb Light, shiny, reflect

VI. Intensity of light Intensity means: how strong

something isA. How strong the light is

1. angle- high in the sky or low in the sky 2. length or duration- long or short

VI. Intensity of lighta. longest day of sunlight = June 21b. shortest day of sunlight = Dec 21

VI. Intensity of lightB.  Shape of the earth

1.  north pole- south pole =

less sunlight2. equator = more

sunlight

V. Intensity of lightC.  Seasons

1.  Tilt of the earth2.  Summer in the N. Hemisphere

= sunlight more direct, sun high in the sky

3. Winter in the N. hemisphere = sunlight less direct, sun low

in the sky

Extra Credit Assignment Weather

Watch Storm stories on The weather Channel and write a 1 page review of

what the show was about and list 5 things you have learned about weather. You must include the date of the show and title. You are allowed to turn in 5

assignments maximum.

They are due by April 4th, 2007