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Section 2

Vehicle Testing&Homologation

Automotive Testing

(Automotive Type Approval)

What is your product ? (vehicle ? Lamp ? Audio ?)

At first, you need to think

Where is the target market ? (Europe ? USA ? - - -)

How is your schedule ?(planning → design → production → evaluation → homologation)

d th d

Automotive Testing

and then, you need. . .

2

Each area has legal requirement

Europe : EC Directives

Legal requirement ?

pECE RegulationsCE MarkingNational Regulations

USA : FMVSS, CMVSS Australia : ADR China: CCCJapan: TRIAS

Automotive Testing

J p

Etc.

World Automotive standards

SASO

SNI

GCC

Automotive Testing

SNI

3

European’s Requirements

Brussels

Geneva

UNUnited Nations

Economic

EUEuropean Union

European

Automotive Testing

Commission for Europe

pCommunity

Market which EC directives / ECE regulations covers

EC Directive:27 EU countries27 EU countries

Automotive Testing

ECE regulation:48 countries (max.)

4

Automotive Testing

Complete development projectsTesting is led by vehicle functionalities and performance

Main Vehicle Functionalities

Passive

SafetyActive Safety Environment Comfort Reliability

Automotive Testing

6/18

5

Passive Safety

Automotive Testing

Structural analysis / Restraint system integration / Occupant protection / Pedestrian protection

7/18

Active Safety

Automotive Testing

Advanced chassis evaluation techniques / Chassis tuning & system development / Brake system development

8/18

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Power train

Automotive Testing

Integration / Engine calibration / CNG conversion / Alternative fuels / Anti-pollution systems

9/18

NVH

Automotive Testing

Interior noise tuning / Noise and vibration releases / Exterior noise / Vibration fatigue

10/18

7

Comfort

Automotive Testing

HVAC system development and validation / Thermal comfort

11/18

Reliability

Automotive Testing

Structural, Powertrain and general vehicle durability, road characterization and fleet validation

12/18

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Sound level 70/157/EEC

Emissions 70/220/EEC

Fuel tanks 70/221/EEC

Fog lamps 76/762/EEC

Fog lamps 77/538/EEC

M k l 77/539/EEC

Towing hooks 77/389/EEC

Registration plate 70/222/EEC

Masses/dimens.92/21/EEC Safety glass 92/22/EEC Tyres 92/23/EEC

Couplings 94/20/EEC Front impact 96/79/EC Side impact 96/27/EC

EC Whole Vehicle Type Approval 2007/46/EEC

EC Directives for Passenger Car

Defrost/demist 78/317/EEC

Seat belts 77/541/EEC

Braking devices 71/320/EEC

Mack-up lamps 77/539/EEC

Lamps parking 77/540/EEC

Forward vision 77/649/EEC

Registration plate 70/222/EEC

Steering effort 70/311/EEC

Door latch./hinges 70/387/EEC

Audible warning70/388/EEC

Rear visibility 71/127/EEC

Suppression radio 72/245/EEC

Instrument identif. 78/316/EEC

Wiper/washer 78/318/EEC

Automotive Testing

Diesel smoke 72/306/EECHeating system 78/548/EEC

Fuel consumption80/1268/EEC

Engine power 80/1269/EEC

Emissions diesel 88/77/EEC

Head restraints 78/932/EEC

Seat anchorages 74/408/EEC Seat-belt anch. 76/115/EEC

Lighting install. 76/756/EEC

Retro-reflectors 76/757/EEC

Lamp(side,rear)76/758EEC

Direction indic. 76/759/EEC

Reg.plate(light) 76/760/EEC

Headlamps 76/761/EEC

Interior fittings 74/60/EEC

Anti-theft devices74/61/EEC

Protective steering 74/297/EEC

Exterior projection 74/483/EEC

Wheel guards 78/549/EEC

Speedometer 75/443/EEC

Statutory plates 76/114/EEC

European Directives applicable to M2 / M3 vehicles

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European Directives applicable to N1 / N2 vehicles

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European Directives applicable to N2 / N3 vehicles

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Certain functions of the vehiclesubject to official Type Approvalrequire the previous homologation ofthe component:

EC/ECE component approval（e/E - mark）

the component:

LightingCoupling devicesRear View MirrorsHornSeats and Seats BeltsNon metallic materialsRear and front bumpersRear and front bumpersElectronic componentsSafety GlassesTyresBrake pad

Rear-view MirrorsSeat belts

EC/ECE component approval（e/E - mark）

Brake PadsTires

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Lamps and Bulbs

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EC/ECE Separate Technical Unit （e/E - mark）

HornsSeat

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Car Audio & Navigationsafety belt

The samples of vehicle testing

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12

Transmission

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Emission Test for Heavy duty

Passed byPassed by Noise

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Crash test

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Automotive Testing

Tire testingWet Grip

Tires

Passenger Car tire Commercial Car Wheeled

Automotive Testing

Passenger Car tire (ECE R30)

Commercial Car tire (ECE R54)

Wheeled Agricultural or

Forestry Tractors tire (ECE R106)

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ATV’s tire R t d ti

Automotive Testing

ATV s tire (ECE R75 or R30)

Depend on the speed of ATV

Retread tireECE-R108ECE-R109

Dimensions

Section width

Tires testing

K = 0.4

tire outer diameter

S = S1 + K(A-A1)

Automotive Testing

H = (D-d)/2

D= d+2H

28

15

Camber angle -5° to 5°(dynamically adjustable)

Tires testing

Automotive Testing

Load /speed testEndurance test

Lamp testing

L b h dl

Automotive Testing

Low beam headlampsNeed a light-dark cutoff in light pattern.

“Dark above/ bright below”

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Measuring points on the road

Lamp testing

the road

Automotive Testing

Measuring field for headlamps

Light intensity test field for signaling devices

Lamp testing

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light intensity test field, category 5 and 6

Lamp testing

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The pollutants are concerned and measure

-Carbon monoxide (CO)

- Hydrocarbons (HCs)

- Nitrogen oxides (NOx)

Emission

Ch i

g ( )

- Particulates matter (PM)

Automotive Testing

Chassis Dynamometer

Emission test

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Emission

Gasoline (Positive ignition ):

Type I : verifying the average exhaust emissions after a cold start

Type II : carbon monoxide emission at idling speed

Type III : emission of crankcase gases

Type IV : evaporation emissions

Type V : durability of anti-pollution devicesType VI : verifying the average low ambient temperature carbon

monoxide and hydrocarbon exhaust emissions after a cold start

Automotive Testing

Diesel (Compression ignition engine ):

Type I : verifying the average exhaust emissions after a cold start

Type IV : evaporation emissions

Test Cycle for type I

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Limit of Type I:

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Automotive Testing

Emission Test

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Safety Belt

Buckle(หวัเขม็ขดั)

Strapreactor

(อปกรณ์ดึงกลบั)

Automotive Testing

ท่ีมา: www.cartype.com

Strap(สายคาด)

(อุปกรณดงกลบ)

Strap:-Tensile strength before test ≧ 1470 daN- Tensile strength after test ≧ 1470 daN- Tensile after scratch test ≧ 70% before scratchTensile after scratch test ≧ 70% before scratch

Crash test for safety belt:-Speed 50±1 km/h- Distance: 40±5 cm

-Measure:- Chest acceleration for 300 mm after crashed.

Automotive Testing

- Not damages and crack- Buckle release force daN

n

60

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Motorcycle Testing

Automotive Testing

EC Directives for motorcycle

93/29/EEC Controls

93/32/EEC Hand-holds93/92/EEC Installation Lighting

97/24/EC 4. Rear-View Mirrors

Framework directive 2002/24/EEC

93/14/EEC Braking

93/30/EEC Audible Warning

93/32/EEC Hand-holds

93/33/EEC Protective Device

97/24/EC 2. Lighting

93/94/EEC Registration Plate

97/24/EC 1. Tyres

97/24/EC 5. Pollution

97/24/EC 6. Fuel Tanks

97/24/EC 9. Sound Level

Automotive Testing

93/31/EEC Stands 93/34/EEC Statutory Markings

93/93/EEC Masses and Dimensions

95/1/EC Max. Speed, Torque, Power97/24/EC 3. Ext. Projections

97/24/EC 7. Counter Tampering

97/24/EC 8. Electromagnetic Compatibility

97/24/EC 10.-12. Couplings, Safety Belts, Windscreen

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2002/24/EC amended by 2003/77/EC type approval

93/14/EEC brake

93/29/EEC amended by 2000/74/EC tell tales

Low Performance Mopeds Homologation

93/29/EEC amended by 2000/74/EC tell tales

93/30/EEC horn

93/31/EEC amended by 2000/72/EC stand

93/32/EEC amended by 1999/24/EC hand hold

93/33/EEC amended by 1999/23/EC anti theft

93/34/EEC amended by 1999/25/EC statutory mark

93/92/EEC amended by 2000/73/EC light installation

Automotive Testing

y g

93/93/EEC amended by 2004/86/EC mass & dimension

93/94/EEC amended by 1999/26/EC rear registration plate

95/1/EC d d b 2002/41/EC i

Low Performance Mopeds Homologation

95/1/EC amended by 2002/41/EC max. engine power,

torque and max. speed

97/24/EC amended by 2003/77/EC

Chapter 1 tire

Chapter 2 bulb and lamp

Chapter 3 external projection

Chapter 4 mirror

Automotive Testing

Chapter 4 mirror

Chapter 5 emission

Chapter 6 tank

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Chapter 7 anti-tampering

Chapter 8 EMC / EMI

Chapter 9 noise

Low Performance Mopeds Homologation

Chapter 9 noise

Chapter 10 coupling device

Chapter 11 safety belts

Chapter 12 windscreen

2000/7/EC speedometer

Automotive Testing

Q&A

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Thank you very much for your

attention

Automotive Testing

attention.