Astronomy and the RenaissanceAstronomy and the RenaissanceAstronomy and the RenaissanceAstronomy and the Renaissance

Warm Up QuestionsWarm Up Questions

CPS Questions (1-2)CPS Questions (1-2)

Chapter 1, Lesson 2

Lesson OverviewLesson OverviewLesson OverviewLesson Overview

Copernicus and the Sun-Centered ModelCopernicus and the Sun-Centered Model Kepler’s Laws of Planetary MotionKepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion

Chapter 1, Lesson 2

Quick WriteQuick WriteQuick WriteQuick Write

If you were Tycho, how would you have If you were Tycho, how would you have argued for the kind of observatory you argued for the kind of observatory you

wanted from the king?wanted from the king?

(Note to teacher: Use “Pick a Student” button in CPS)(Note to teacher: Use “Pick a Student” button in CPS)

Chapter 1, Lesson 2

Copernicus and the Copernicus and the Sun-Centered ModelSun-Centered ModelCopernicus and the Copernicus and the Sun-Centered ModelSun-Centered Model

Chapter 1, Lesson 2 © Image Select/Art Resource

Why Copernicus Searched for a Why Copernicus Searched for a Better ModelBetter Model

Why Copernicus Searched for a Why Copernicus Searched for a Better ModelBetter Model

Ptolemy’s predictions were offPtolemy’s predictions were off

More accurate data for the Roman Catholic More accurate data for the Roman Catholic

Church calendar Church calendar

Theory of epicycles didn’t adequately Theory of epicycles didn’t adequately

explain changes in Mars’ brightnessexplain changes in Mars’ brightness

Chapter 1, Lesson 2

Copernicus’ Heliocentric Copernicus’ Heliocentric SystemSystem

Copernicus’ Heliocentric Copernicus’ Heliocentric SystemSystem

Earth, one of several planets revolving around the Sun Plane of Earth’s equator tilted

Chapter 1, Lesson 2

Copernicus’ Heliocentric Copernicus’ Heliocentric System, cont.System, cont.

Copernicus’ Heliocentric Copernicus’ Heliocentric System, cont.System, cont.

Moon revolves around EarthMoon revolves around Earth Included relative distances of planets from Included relative distances of planets from

Sun Sun Earth’s atmosphere simply follows Earth Earth’s atmosphere simply follows Earth

as it rotates as it rotates

Chapter 1, Lesson 2

Comparing the Copernican Comparing the Copernican Model With the Ptolemaic Model With the Ptolemaic

Comparing the Copernican Comparing the Copernican Model With the Ptolemaic Model With the Ptolemaic

Ptolemy Copernicus

Accuracy of Data

Predictive Power

Simplicity

Chapter 1, Lesson 2

Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion Motion

Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion Motion

Tycho Brahe’s Observations Tycho’s observations didn’t

confirm the more recent Copernican model, however

If the Earth orbited the Sun, then the nearby stars would show parallax

Chapter 1, Lesson 2© Photos.com

Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion, cont.Motion, cont.

Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion, cont.Motion, cont.

Tycho’s model put Earth at the center of Sun’s orbit Other planets orbiting

Sun

Wrong conclusion for a good reason

Chapter 1, Lesson 2 © Detlev van Ravenswaay/Photo Researchers, Inc.

Kepler’s First Law: Kepler’s First Law: The Significance of the Ellipse The Significance of the Ellipse

Kepler’s First Law: Kepler’s First Law: The Significance of the Ellipse The Significance of the Ellipse

Ellipse – a geometrical shape of which every point is same total distance from two fixed points

Each planet’s path around the Sun is an ellipse

Chapter 1, Lesson 2

Kepler’s Second Law: Kepler’s Second Law: The Planets’ Changing Speeds The Planets’ Changing Speeds

Kepler’s Second Law: Kepler’s Second Law: The Planets’ Changing Speeds The Planets’ Changing Speeds

A planet speeds up when it is closer to the Sun, and slows down when it is farther away

Chapter 1, Lesson 2

How Kepler’s Third Law How Kepler’s Third Law Implied the Force of Gravity Implied the Force of Gravity

How Kepler’s Third Law How Kepler’s Third Law Implied the Force of Gravity Implied the Force of Gravity

Kepler hypothesized that a force held the planets near the Sun—gravity

Harmonic Law: expresses a relationship between the time a planet takes to orbit the Sun and its distance from the Sun

Chapter 1, Lesson 2 Courtesy of National Library of Medicine

Learning CheckLearning Check

CPS Questions (3-4)CPS Questions (3-4)

Chapter 1, Lesson 2

Activity 1: Astronomy and Activity 1: Astronomy and The RenaissanceThe Renaissance

Activity 1: Astronomy and Activity 1: Astronomy and The RenaissanceThe Renaissance

Use your textbook to identify the terms Use your textbook to identify the terms and people to complete the sentence or and people to complete the sentence or answer the question provided using answer the question provided using complete sentences.complete sentences.

Chapter 1, Lesson 2

Activity 2: Activity 2: Drawing EllipsesDrawing EllipsesActivity 2: Activity 2: Drawing EllipsesDrawing Ellipses

1.1. Tie each end of the string around a tack Tie each end of the string around a tack

2.2. Push the thumb tacks into the cardboard Push the thumb tacks into the cardboard approximately 8 inches apartapproximately 8 inches apart

3.3. Stretch the string taut and insert the tip of a Stretch the string taut and insert the tip of a pen/pencil into the angle of the string pen/pencil into the angle of the string

4.4. Mark an ellipse on the cardboard by dragging Mark an ellipse on the cardboard by dragging the pen/pencil around the cardboardthe pen/pencil around the cardboard

5.5. Complete the worksheet together as a teamComplete the worksheet together as a team

Chapter 1, Lesson 2

Activity 3: Your Own Activity 3: Your Own Ancient ObservatoryAncient ObservatoryActivity 3: Your Own Activity 3: Your Own Ancient ObservatoryAncient Observatory

Your worksheet lists some of the tools you Your worksheet lists some of the tools you would probably find in an observatory would probably find in an observatory todaytoday

At the time of the Renaissance, these At the time of the Renaissance, these tools had not been invented yet tools had not been invented yet

What tools would you use instead, since What tools would you use instead, since these were not available? these were not available?

Chapter 1, Lesson 2

Technology Enrichment: Technology Enrichment: The Earth’s SeasonsThe Earth’s Seasons

Technology Enrichment: Technology Enrichment: The Earth’s SeasonsThe Earth’s Seasons

Watch the video clips and answer the Watch the video clips and answer the questions on the worksheetquestions on the worksheet

Write a brief script, as if for your own Write a brief script, as if for your own

video, about why the Earth’s seasons video, about why the Earth’s seasons

changechange

Chapter 1, Lesson 2

ReviewReviewReviewReview

Copernicus’s Heliocentric system put Earth as Copernicus’s Heliocentric system put Earth as just one of several planets revolving around the just one of several planets revolving around the Sun Sun

Tycho’s observations didn’t confirm the more Tycho’s observations didn’t confirm the more recent Copernican model, however recent Copernican model, however

Kepler’s First Law of Planetary Motion holds that Kepler’s First Law of Planetary Motion holds that each planet’s path around the Sun is an ellipse each planet’s path around the Sun is an ellipse

Kepler’s second law tells us about a planet’s Kepler’s second law tells us about a planet’s speed as it moves around the Sun speed as it moves around the Sun

Kepler’s third law implied the force of gravity Kepler’s third law implied the force of gravity

Chapter 1, Lesson 2

Review QuestionsReview Questions

CPS Questions (5-6)CPS Questions (5-6)

Chapter 1, Lesson 2

SummarySummarySummarySummary

Copernicus and the Sun-Centered ModelCopernicus and the Sun-Centered Model Kepler’s Laws of Planetary MotionKepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion

Chapter 1, Lesson 2

Next…Next…Next…Next…

Done – Astronomy and the Renaissance

Next – The Enlightenment and Modern Astronomy

Chapter 1, Lesson 2Courtesy of NASA