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ASTM International

Workshop on Development of Consensus Standards for Biofuels: Field to Plant

December 2, 2007

Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A.

Dorothy Fitzpatrick and Brynn Murphy, ASTM Staff

Foster A. Agblevor and Robert N. Goldberg, Co-Chairs

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About ASTM International

n Organized in 1898, largest private sector Standards Developing Organization domiciled in the U.S. and operating globally

n Provides a global forum for the development of voluntary, consensus standards and promotion of related knowledge

• Improve health, safety and quality of life

• Contribute to the reliability of materials, products, systems and services

• Facilitate commerce at the international, national, and regionallevels

n ASTM does not offer certification or accreditation

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About ASTM International

n Headquarters near Philadelphia

n Staff of 170

n Offices in:

• Washington, D.C.

• Mexico City, Mexico

• Beijing, China

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ASTM’s Open and Direct Membership

n Open to any individual or body from anywhere in the world - no prerequisites.

n Producers, users, government, academia, laboratories are equal partners in the process.

n Operate under Consensus, and all negative ballots must be addressed.

n 21,300 technical experts from 124 Nations participate.

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ASTM Serves Multiple Sectors

n Metals

n Petroleum and Lubricants

n Environment (air, soil, water)

n Construction Materials

n Consumer Products

n Plastics

n Road and Paving

n Medical and Surgical Materials and Devices

n Textiles

n Rubber

n Nanotechnology

n Pharmaceuticals

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ASTM’s Role in the U.S.

n ASTM standards meet the needs of Government

• Over 3,300 ASTM standards are cited in the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations (number one cited Standards Developing Organization).

n ASTM standards are specified in a variety of state and federal laws, tax regulations, product listings (tanks, pumps, dispensers, etc.), safety and OSHA regulations, EPA regulations, insurance listings, and approvals of one nature or another.

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ASTM Standards are International

n ASTM embraces the principles of International standards identified in the World Trade Organization’s Technical Barriers to Trade Agreement, G/TBT/1/REV 8 Section IX:

• Transparency

• Relevance

• Openness

• Coherency

• Impartiality and consensus

• Consideration of the concerns of developing countries

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ASTM Standards are International

n ASTM standards are used around the world with over 3,036 ASTM Standards adopted as either the basis of national standards or referenced in regulation by 66 countries outside of the United States.

n ASTM standards are developed by experts from around the world with nearly 7,000 non-U.S. technical experts from 124 countries.

n 43 percent of ASTM standards distributions take place outside of the United States.

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Committee D02

n Over 1,500 members• Including associations such as the Renewable Fuel Association and the

National Biodiesel Board

n Members from 53 countries• Multinational Companies such as China Sinopec, Brazil Petrobras,

Saudi Aramco Saudi Arabia, ExxonMobil, ChevronTexaco, Shell, BP,independent test labs, apparatus vendors, etc.

n Developer of over 650 standards

n Standards that help provide heat for homes, fuel for automobiles and airplanes and lubricants for machinery

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Ethanol – Summary of Activities

• D 4814, “Standard Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition

Engine Fuel.”

• D 4806, “Standard Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for

Blending with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition

Engine Fuel.”

• Research Report D02: 1347, “Research Report on Reformulated

Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel.”

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Ethanol – Recent Activities n Revised D 4806 Denatured Fuel Ethanol specification to add

4 ppm sulfate limit & revised test methods.

n Updated D 4806 to harmonize maximum ethanol denaturant limit with Federal regulations (IRS).

n Modified Driveability Index equation in D 4814 to adjust for effects of ethanol content.

n Established E85 Task Group to review and recommend changes to E85 specification on lead, phosphorus and total chlorine limits.

n Requested ASTM analytical committees to modify certain test methods to accommodate all ranges of ethanol in scope.

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Biodiesel

•Revised D 6751, B100, to add an oxidation stability requirement.

•Lowered the total alkaline limit (from 0.8 to 0.5 mg KOH/g).

•Added limits and information for sodium, potassium, calcium, andmagnesium.

•D 6751-06, “Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels” (Conformance mandated by U.S. EPA).

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Biodiesel – Current Activities

n Working on changes to specifications to allow diesel fuel and burner fuel blends of B1 to B5.

n Working on new diesel/biodiesel blend specification for B6 to B20.

n Working on new specification for ethanol/diesel fuel blend.

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Committee E48 Biotechnology

n Organized in 1972

n 86 Members

n 3 Technical Subcommittees

n 42 Standards

Scope: The promotion of knowledge and the development of standards (classifications, guides, practices, specifications, terminology, and test methods) for biotechnology. The work of this Committee will be coordinated with other ASTM Committees and other organizations having mutual interests.

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E48 on Biotechnology

SubcommitteeE48.02

Characterization and Identification

of Biological Systems

SubcommitteeE48.03

Unit Processes

and Validation

Subcommittee E48.05

Biomass Conversion

Task Groups Task Groups

Technical Main Committees formed to address specific industry subjects.

Subcommittees address specialized subject matters under the Main Committee.

Task Groups handle individual document development.

Technical Committee Organization

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Biomass Conversion Subcommittee

E48.05 subcommittee scope includes test methods for characterizing wood, grasses and other cellulosic materials and practices for converting cellulosic feedstocks to fuels by enzymes, yeasts, and pyrolysis.

17 Active Standards, 10 Work Items § Design and Evaluation of Fuel Ethanol Manufacturing Facilities§ Characterization of Wood Fuels§ Anaerobic Digestion Systems§ Characterization of Pyrolysis Oils

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E48.05 Biomass Conversion

n Chemical Characterization of Biomass Feedstocks

n Chemical Characterization of Biomass-derived Materials

n Measurement of Chemical Constituents

• Moisture, Ash, Extractives, Sucrose, Structural Carbohydrates, Lignin, Protein, Sample Preparation

n Summative Mass Closure Analysis

• Hardwoods, Softwoods, Agricultural Residues, Energy Crops, Pretreated biomass, Saccharification liquors, Fermentation systems

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nRapid Biomass Analysis: Near Infrared, Multivariate Analysis, and Calibration using traditional ASTM methods.

nCollaborations with NIST on Standard Reference Materials: Poplar, Pine, Bagasse, and Wheat Straw.

nE869 – Test Method for Performance Evaluation of Fuel Ethanol Manufacturing Facilities.

nE117 Practice for Design of Fuel-Alcohol Manufacturing Facilities.

nE1344 Guide for Evaluation of Fuel Ethanol Manufacturing Facilities.

nTests for various properties of Biomass.

E48.05 Biomass Conversion

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Standards Come in Various Forms

n Documentary standards

n Reference Materials and Standard Reference Materials

n Standard analytical procedures

n Standard methods of measurement

n Standard computational procedures

n Standard reference data

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Thank you for your Thank you for your participation in the participation in the

WorkshopWorkshop