Asthma (Pp Report)
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Transcript of Asthma (Pp Report)
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ASTHMA
Reported by:Rochelle L. Ricafrente
OfBSN3-2
September 25, 2010
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Definition
Reversible
inflammation
lung condition
due to hypersensitivity
leading to narrowingof smaller airway.
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EPIDEMiOLOGY
- 2009
300 million with asthma
worldwide250 000 died
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TYPES OF ASTHMA
Mixed asthmaIntrinsincAsthmaExtrinsincAsthma
- It is acombination
of extrinsincasthma andintrinsinc
asthma
--It cause byanything
exceptallergen
Causes:
Hereditary,drugs, foods,physical and
emotional
stress
-Atropic/Allergi
c Asthma
Causes:
dust, gases,
smoke,dander, lints
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CLINICAL MANIFESTATION
1. Cough- non productive to productive
2. dyspnea
3. Wheezes
4. Restlessness
5. Hypoxemia
6. Cyanosis
7. Tachycardia
8. Diaphoresis
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INVASIVE ANDNON-INVASIVE
DIAGNOSTIC TEST
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SPIROMETRY
To measure the
airflowobstruction by
getting the ratio
of FEV1/FVC.
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ATRIAL BLOOD GAS
To measure the PH andthe level of O2 and CO2
and also to check howlong the O2 are able tomove going to the blood
and removing CO2 fromthe blood.
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PEAK EXPIROMETRY FLOW RATE
To measure how
past a person canbreath out the air
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DescriptionReadingZone
Indicates
asthma isunder control
71 to 100% of
the usual ornormal peak
flow readingsare clear.
Green
respiratory
areairwaysnarrowing and
additionalmedication
may berequired.
50 to 70 %of
the usual ornormal peak
flow readings
Yellow
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airwayshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airways -
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ndicates a
medical
.emergencyairwaySevere
narrowing may
be occurring and
immediate action
needs to be
taken. This would
usually involve
contacting a
doctor or
hospital.
Less than 50
%of the usualor normal
peak flow
readings
Red
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_emergencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_emergencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airwayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airwayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_emergencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_emergency -
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DRUGS
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BETA- ADRENERGIC AGONIST
(BRONCHODILAT0r)
QUICK RELIEF
a. Albuterol (Proventil)
b. Levalbuterol (Xopenex)c. Pibuterol (Maxair)
d. Metaprolerol Sulphate (Alupent)
LONG TERM RELIEF
a. Theophyline ( theo-dur)
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LONG relief MEDICATION
CORTECOSTEROIDS
a. Cromolyn Na (Intal)
b. Nedocromol (Tilade)
LEUCOTRIENE RECEPTOR
ANTAGONIST
a. Zafirlucast (Accolate)
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NURSING MANAGEMENT
a. Complete bed rest to preserveenergy.b. Semi fowler for the lung expantion.
c. Inc. OFI to liquify the mucus and easyto expelled by coughing.
d. Nebulizer to liquify the mucus and
easy to loosen the mucus.e. suction if needed.
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NURSING DIAGNOSIS
1. Ineffective airway clearance related toincrease mucus production as manifestedby wheezing, difficulty of breathing
2. Impaired gas exchange r/t altered deliveryof oxygen as evidenced by restlessness
3. Ineffective breathing pattern related toobstruction of airway as manifested bytachycardia, difficulty of breathing
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CHRONIC
BRONCHITIS
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DEFINITION
BRONCHITIS
called BLUE BLOATERS
inflammation of bronchus
due to hypertrophy or
hyperplasia of goblet
mucus producing cells
leading to narrowing of
smaller airways.
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CLINICAL MANIFESTATION
1. Productive cough
2. Dyspnea
3. Rhonchi
4. Hypoxemia
5. Cyanosis
6. Prolonged expiration grunt
7. Pulmonary HPN
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DIAGNOSTIC TEST
SPIROMETRY
To measure the
airflowobstruction by
getting the ratio
of FEV1/FVC.
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PEAK EXPIROMETRY FLOW RATE
To measure howpast a person can
breath out the air
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ATRIAL BLOOD GAS
To measure the PH andthe level of O2 and CO2and also to check howlong the O2 are able tomove going to the blood
and removing CO2 fromthe blood.
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DRUGS
Meter Dose Inhaler
a. Beta2 agonist
b. Corticosteroids
c. Anticholinergic
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Breath Actuated MDIa. Beta Agonist
Dry Powder Inhaler
a. Beta2 agonistb. Corticosteroids
c. Anticholinergic
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Nebulizer
a. Beta2 agonist
b. Corticosteroids
c. Anticholinergic
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NSG. MGT
a. Complete bed rest to preserveenergy.b. Semi fowler for the lung expantion.
c. Inc. OFI to liquify the mucus and easyto expelled by coughing.
d. Nebulizer to liquify the mucus andeasy to loosen the mucus.
e. suction if needed.
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NURSING MANAGEMENT
1. Ineffective airway clearance related to bronchialinflammation as manifested by rhonchi, difficultyof breathing2. Impaired gas exchange r/t altered delivery of
oxygen as evidenced by inability to movesecretion3. Ineffective breathing pattern related toobstruction of airway as manifested by
tachycardia, difficulty of breathing4. Nutritional Imbalance r/t fatigue as manifestedby weight loss.