Asthma (Mothers Class)
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Transcript of Asthma (Mothers Class)
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Dr. Pamela Alip
Dr. Ritu Lamichhane
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a chronic inflammatory condition of thelung airways resulting in episodic airflow
obstruction.
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Cause is unknown Contemporary research implicates a
combination ofenvironmental exposuresand inherent biological and geneticvulnerabilities
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Parental asthma allergy
Atopicdermatitis
Allergic rhinitis
Food allergy
Lower respiratorytract infection
Male gender
Low birthweight
Environmentaltobacco smoke
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Intermittent dry coughing and/or expiratory wheezing arethe most common chronic symptoms of asthma.
Older children and adults will report associated shortnessof breath and chest tightness;
Younger children are more likely to report intermittent,nonfocal chest pain.
Respiratory symptoms can be worse at night
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Others include:
self-imposed limitation of physical activities,
general fatigue (possibly due to sleep disturbance),
and difficulty keeping up with peers in physicalactivities.
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The presence of risk factors, such as a historyof other allergic conditions, parental asthma,and/or symptoms apart from colds, supports
the diagnosis of asthma.
The chest examination is often normal.
In clinic, quick resolution (within 10 min) orconvincing improvement in symptoms andsigns of asthma with administration of ashort-acting inhaled beta-agonist (SABA) issupportive of the diagnosis of asthma.
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Pulmonary Function Tests
Spirometry measures airflow limitation
Generally, an FEV1/FVC ratio
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Chest Radiographs
(posteroanterior and lateral views) in children
with asthma often appear to be normal, asidefrom subtle and nonspecific findings of
hyperinflation (flattening of the diaphragms)
and peribronchial thickening.
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ELIMINATE OR REDUCE PROBLEMATICENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURES Environmental tobacco smoke elimination or reduction
In home and automobiles
Allergen exposure elimination or reduction in sensitizedasthmatics
Animal danders Pets (cats, dogs, rodents, birds)
Pests (mice, rats)
Dust mites Cockroaches Molds Other airway irritants Wood-
or coal-burning smoke Strong chemical odors and perfumes(e.g., household cleaners) Dusts TREAT CO-MORBIDCONDITIONS Rhinitis Sinusitis Gastroesophageal refluxANNUAL INFLUENZA VACCINATION (UNLESS EGG-ALLERGIC