ASTE 527 Concept Course Advisor: Prof. Thangavelu Jing Zhang.
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Transcript of ASTE 527 Concept Course Advisor: Prof. Thangavelu Jing Zhang.
ADAPTATION STRATEGY:Human Spaceflight Technologies for Critical Structures and Infrastructure
ASTE 527 ConceptCourse Advisor: Prof. ThangaveluJing Zhang
Context - External and Internal Threats
•It is just a matter of when, not if•Deal with meteorites shower and resonant, sympathetic effects:earthquakes, tsunamis, sustained extreme weather patterns
Asteroid threat(1)
•Nuclear Winter•Population – dwindling resources•Gene engineered viruses
Manmade problems
•Global Warming(2)
•The frozen methane time bomb(3,4)
•Sea level rose ten times faster than their 2000-year average
Climate Change
What if we are not prepared?
Context-Climate Change Conundrum
Planet Earth is highly complex system
Insufficient Scientific Data Current range of data, tools and
models not adequate Potential Engineering Solution
Adaptation projects employing high technology and Macro Engineering principles
Context-Critical Structure and Critical Infrastructure
A system or systems that protects humanity and life sustenance over indefinite periods, should things go terribly wrong due to unforeseen events caused by external or internal agents beyond our control.
Spaceship Earth – Buckminster Fuller
Historical background- Arcology
Arcology (Architecture + Ecology) Visionary architects have designed near
self-sufficient architectures(5)
Minimize the destructive impact of development on the Earth
Arcosanti began construction in 1970 in central Arizona
Freedom Ship –Norman Nixon
West Edmonton Mall - Canada
Marine City - Kiyonaru Kikutake
Biosphere ll- Arizona
Biosphere – Montreal, CA
Eden Project – Cornwall, UK
Ark Hotel –Remistudio, Russia
Historical background-Masdar City
Rely entirely on solar energy and other renewable energy sources, with a sustainable, zero-carbon, zero-waste ecology
Planned to cover 6 square kilometres and home to 45,000 to 50,000 people and 1,500 businessesTotal cost $20 billion400K per person
120m2/person
Historical background
McMurdo Station U.S. Antarctic research
center Technologically-
advanced, self-sufficient human community
Las Vegas Strip Protect people from the
45C (110F) heat Travel between several
different casinos without ever going outdoors
Svaalbard Seed Vault
International Space Station
Rationale
Critical technical issues already resolved and developed in human space technology Closed Ecological Life Support System
(CELSS) in development(6)
Sufficient energy supply , solar energy and
nuclear energy, RORSAT, SNAP-10A (7,8)
Thermal Control System Redundant, system cross-strapping and
backups for safety and reliability
SNAP: 22.4 cm*39.62 cm30kW for a year
Rationale
Water and atmospheric control systems
Concept-Possible structures
Potential Natural Sites for Large Population Shelters
Natural caves and lava tubes Giant quarries after mining
Manmade structures
Concept-Example of Quarry Utilization
Concept – Adaptation using current and advanced Human Space Technologies
ISS shielding technology(9)
Particle Radiation Meteorite impact Hazardous gas Fatal virus and
patient quarantine
Energy support and control Solar energy(10)
Nuclear energy▪ Support the whole
habitat if solar energy is not viable
Heat exchange
Concept - Environmental Control and Life Support System (ECLSS)
WATER AND AIR
Water recycling Oxygen
Extracted from the outside polluted air
From plants in the manmade biosphere
Generated by decomposing water and chemicals as in spaceship
FOOD
Algae and other plants grow inside the shelter
CEAC Antarctica food chamber
Lunar Green House Project
Hydroponics, Aquaponics
WASTE Supercritical Oxidation Recycling
Merits and Limitations
Merits Take advantage of
existing space technology and generate profit
Reduce dependence on natural resources for sustainable development
Supplement Planetary Defense Strategies
Provide reference for long-distance space exploration
Limitations Large amount of investment
in a short period, for US400K*0.3Billion/4=30 Trillion,
Global, national consensus lacking
Reliable shielding materials and methods that can withstand large impact shock and after effects over long periods
Rapid, large population evacuation strategies
Conclusion
As Charles Darwin pointed out, only the adaptable survive.
Flora and Fauna are adapting to changes continuously.
Combine space technology and architectural technology, we could build critical structures and infrastructures enabling human beings to survive cataclysmic events beyond our control.
We will adapt to future environment.
Conclusion
The self-sustainable projects would push forward future space technology
With this knowledge, human beings, in giant sustainable biosphere ships, would really step out of the Earth’s cradle to settle the length and breadth of the universe.
Further studies
Utilize self-sustaining space technology in macro engineering scale.
Bring down the cost Prove adaptation saves more in the long
run.210 Billion/400K=0.5 million (11)
12Trillion*20%/400K=64 million (12)
438Billion*10/400K= 109 million (13)
Enhance global cooperation and collaboration on massive scale projects
Prof.James Lovelock on Adaptation to Climate Change
On whether we are capable as a species of tackling climate change:I don't think we're yet evolved to the point where we're clever enough to handle a complex a situation as climate change. We're very active animals. We like to think: "Ah yes, this will be a good policy," but it's almost never that simple. Wars show this to be true. People are very certain they are fighting a just cause, but it doesn't always work out like that. Climate change is kind of a repetition of a war-time situation. It could quite easily lead to a physical war. That's why I always come back to the safest thing to do being adaptation."I've always said that adaptation is
the most serious thing we can do"
References:
1. “Asteroid Threats: A Call for Global Response." Astronomy Jan. 20092. Bronstert, A. (2003), Floods and Climate Change: Interactions and Impacts.
Risk Analysis, 23: 545–557. doi: 10.1111/1539-6924.003353. http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/climate-change/4. Atmospheric science: Enigma of the recent methane budget, Nature 476, 157–158 (11 August
2011) 5. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcology#Development6. D.F. Doerr, Interaction between exercising humans and growing plants in a
closed ecological life support system, Acta Astronautica, Volume 36, Issues 8-12, October-December 1995,
7. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RORSAT8. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNAP-10A9. Extreme Climate Control Membrane Structures, 2006, Volume 54, 151-
174, DOI: 10.1007/1-4020-4604-9_910. Sui Pheng Low, & Xiu Ting Goh. (2010). Exploring outer space technologies
for sustainable buildings. Facilities, 28(1/2), 31-4511. Shaping Climate Resistant Development report12. "Climate costs." Nature 461.7261 (2009): 150. Academic OneFile. Web. 13
Dec. 201113. Frank Ackerma, The Cost of Climate Change, NRDC REPORT 2008
Thanks!