Department of Civil Engineering \ Transportation

Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment

The National University of Malaysia

Semester I - Session 2015/2016

Urban Transport Planning

Task 7 / Traffic Calming

Name Student

Ameer Abdul Adheem HusseinP81466

Lecturer

PROF. DATO' IR. DR RIZA ATIQ ABDULLAH BIN O.K. RAHMAT

Task 7 \\ One housing estate is experiencing high rate of road accident. In addition, the road network in the estate is used as alternative routes to an adjacent highway. You are required to give a short proposal to overcome both problems. Explain your proposal with appropriate sketches.

Solution \\Introduction: Traffic calming is system of design and management strategies that aim to balance traffic on streets with other users; include Housing estates, commercial shopping districts, the downtown core and narrow roads. (Traffic calming) use many strategies such (Speed Humps, chicane, Chokers, Traffic Circle, etc.), put in place on roads for the intention of slowing down or reducing motor vehicle traffic and thereby improving the living conditions for residents living along the road. As well as to improve safety for pedestrians and cyclists. Urban planners and traffic engineers have many strategies for traffic calming, which means that roadway planners and engineers have flexible standards that can accommodate community values and balanced objectives. New Urbanism incorporates Traffic Calming features into the design of new developments and urban redevelopment. It can make urban streets safer and quieter. It can increase residential property values and local economic activity.Benefits of traffic calming:- Improve driver behavior. - Control speed to a level in keeping with the surrounding urban street environment.- Reduction of the collision caused by traffic calming, especially those involving pedestrians and cyclists.- Discourage heavy vehicles and ‘through traffic’ from using unsuitable routes.- Reduce traffic speed and volume of traffic.- Improve the urban street environment and reduce community severance.- Promote a greater feeling of safety.- Providing innovative traffic control devices.- Promote cycling and walking.- Reduce traffic noise.- Decrease air pollution.

A) Proposed to solution the problem of road accidents in the housing estate:

The road accidents on local streets is probably the most problem facing residents, Residents observe vehicles being driven at speeds they perceive are too fast and conclude that the speeds would decrease if stop signs were installed. Speeds considered excessive by residents are considered reasonable by these same persons when they are driving in another neighborhood. Traffic calming measures are typically installed as part of an area wide traffic management scheme rather than on a single street to avoid shifting the problem from one street to another. A successful traffic calming must include enforcement, education, engineering and community involvement. Community support and participation is an integral part of a successful traffic calming, and avoid accidents in residential areas.

Some measures (Traffic calming)

I am proposal the measures following to traffic calming and speed control ways:

1- Putting (Intersection Pop-out) for doing to narrowing the entrance to a housing estate.

2- Putting (Speed humps) on main and branch roads for the intention of slowing down or reducing motor vehicle traffic, must be on distance 50 meter, where can’t drivers driving speed more 40 km/hr.

3- Putting (Speed table) before enter the car to branch roads to limit speeding.

4- Putting (Speed bump) on roads the housing estate to limit speeding, especially before and after entrance for homes, and condominiums.

5- Putting (Raised Crosswalk) on roads the housing estate, especially at crossing sites.

6- Putting (Traffic Circle) in intersections. They are good for calming intersections, especially within neighborhoods, where large vehicle traffic is not a major concern but speeds, and safety are problems.

7- Putting (Chicane) on long main roads for the housing estate, forming S-shaped curves to limit high speeding because horizontal deflection.

8- Putting (Center-Island) for doing to narrowing lanes wide roads located along the centerline at the housing estate.

9- Identify center of the accident (where). Then trying to find the solution for this problem for example doing (Chokers or Realignment or etc.).

10- Use control system (camera) in roads to achieve the objectives, and must be designed to allow emergency vehicle access, and limit speeding for the drivers.

B) Proposed to solution the problem of road network in the housing estate used as alternative routes to an adjacent highway: The focus of this study has been the review of the safety benefits of traffic calming. From the review of international and local experiences traffic calming led to reduction in speed, which is associated with substantial reductions in injury accidents. Residents with planners and engineers can work together in order to improve the safety of resident on the streets. The alternatives that may help decrease speeds reduce through traffic on residential streets. It also gives direction for developing a traffic calming in those communities that currently use only traffic law enforcement to control speeds. The success of traffic calming depends upon achieving consensus among the residents and conducting a proper engineering analysis of the perceived problems and recommended solution.

To solution the problem of road network at housing estate used as alternative routes to an adjacent highway; I will propose use same propose (A), proposal to solution the measures to traffic calming and speed control ways from (1) ---------- to (10), also I will add some points to:

Traffic control devices:

1- Regulatory signs and Speed Limit signs:

Regulatory signs used to convey traffic rules and regulations; Speed limit sign is regulatory device that inform drivers of the speed limit imposed by the governing agency. Some signs merely remind drivers of the limits applicable to the type of highway and area.

2- Stop Signs and Warning signs:

The basic purpose of stop signs is to assign a way to vehicles at intersections. Stop signs are requested by residents more than any other traffic control device for the reduction of vehicle speeds and traffic volumes. Unfortunately stop signs are largely ineffective in meeting the speed control; Warning signs are traffic signs that are used to warn road users about a potential danger.

3- One-Way Streets:

The use of one-way signs may increase speeds in the permitted direction, and may increase the amount of cut-through traffic on other residential streets. One-way streets can be used to make travel through a neighborhood difficult by creating a maze effect in the internal street pattern, which may discourage through traffic. However, the amount of traffic on other residential streets may be increased.

4- Commercial Vehicle Prohibitions:

It is a common practice in communities to commercial vehicles from most, local streets in residential areas. This is done to protect the pavements and eliminate. However, commercial vehicles are normally allowed to travel on any street when engaged in pick-up and delivery. And to affect vehicle speeds, but they will reduce truck traffic volume and noise.

5- Turn Prohibitions:

Turn prohibitions will reduce traffic volumes, noise and the speeds on streets; also improve traffic safety on streets to which they are applied. However, traffic jam, noise and the speed will increase on alternate routes. They are difficult to enforce reduce access for residents. In some cases, speeds may increase, and traffic safety may decrease, when motorists are forced to take alternate routes.