Department of Civil Engineering \ Transportation

Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment

The National University of Malaysia

Semester II - Session 2015/2016

Task 7 \ ITS Deployment

Urban Traffic Management System

Name Student

Ameer Abdul Adheem Hussein

P81466

Lecturer

PROF. DATO' IR. DR RIZA ATIQ ABDULLAH BIN

O.K. RAHMAT

Dr. MUHAMAD NAZRI BIN BORHAN

Task 7:

Supposed Kuala Lumpur will host the Football World Cup in 2026. The city will

be flogged by many people from all over the world and traffic demand is

expected to jump tremendously. In addition the traffic pattern will be far

different the exiting pattern and can be fluctuated abruptly. You are required to

give solution by proposing a new design and new architecture to replace the

existing urban traffic control system and use the system to influence shift from

private cars to public transport .

Your proposed system must include:

- Third generation traffic control architecture.

- Fully distributed processing system.

- Public transport and active transport priority.

- Advanced sensor such as video sensors.

- Advanced travellers information system that includes public transport and

advanced GPS utilization.

Solution \\

Introduction:

Supposing that Kuala Lumpur will host the Football World Cup in 2026, this

event known as a planned special event, so a planned special event is a

public activity with scheduled time, location and duration that may impact the

normal operation of the surface transportation system due to increased travel

demand and/or reduced capacity attributed to event staging, So this situation

is complex because it involves a wide range of ministries, agencies,

professional organizations, and private companies in KL and those institutions

must contend with the transportation implications of hosting planned special

events. Events can be large or small; they can be scheduled only once or

repeat on a regular basis. All planned special events present challenges to

host communities. ITS, which include equipment to sense current traffic

conditions, to control traffic flow and to inform travelers of what to expect, as

well as centers to bring all these functions together, can help agencies meet

these challenges. And the transportation officials interviewed found that the

use of ITS helps to ease the congestion and frustration that accompany many

planned special events.

Kuala Lumpur intelligent urban traffic Control System

Plans at the 2026 football world cup event:

Kuala Lumpur's goal for planned special events management is to provide for

safe, convenient access to and from events while also providing an

acceptable level of service for other transportation system users. To achieve

this goal, the county uses an advanced traffic management system, the hub of

which is the Kuala Lumpur‟s traffic management center (TMC).

The TMC is the central location for monitoring and controlling traffic and

sharing information about transportation conditions in and around special

events (football world cup 2026). As part of the public safety communications

center, the TMC enables representatives from police, fire, 9-1-1, and the

emergency operations center to be co-located at the facility. Planned special

events are operated out of the TMC, which also oversees central

communications for Ride-On, Montgomery County's transit service.

Periodically, the command center functions for a special event will be moved

to a satellite location where ITS equipment within the event's vicinity are

remotely monitored and controlled, leaving the TMC to manage the rest of the

county's transportation system. ITS technologies that are used for operations

management at the TMC include.

Portable dynamic message signs: These portable signs are

deployed to strategic locations on arterial and local roads in advance of a

special event. Figure in down shows one of the signs in use during a

planned special event in Jalan Bukit Bintang - Kuala Lumpur. Messages

are pre-programmed, but may be changed in real time as conditions

warrant. The signs may be moved to different locations as needed during

an event, an advantage over permanent dynamic message signs.

Computerized traffic signal system: traffic staff uses this system

extensively in special event operations to accommodate unusual traffic

demands at local intersections and corridors. Transportation management

technicians in the Kuala Lumpur TMC or at a remote command post

actively make timing plan changes as conditions change.

Vehicle detection systems: when these systems are operated within

a special event area, they provide the TMC with insights into traffic flow.

The computerized signal system is capable of responding to inputs from

the detection system and modifying signal timing to alleviate congestion.

Regional Integrated Transportation Information System (RITIS): The

RITIS collects, consolidates, and disseminates TMC data from Seremban,

Ipoh, and Kota kinabalu. This information is available to public agencies

and to the traveling public, enabling all parties to learn about incidents or

other transportation issues that may affect trips in the Kuala Lumpur (area

of planned special event) and react accordingly.

In the meantime there is a new intelligent traffic light system will be applied in

Kuala Lumpur that expected to reduce gridlock in KUALA LUMPUR, a new

traffic management system called Traffic Sens would be implemented early

next year to provide a smoother traffic flow in various parts just outside the city

center, It was developed locally by Traffic Sens systems (M) Sdn Bhd, a

company given a government grant of RM1.8mil to research and develop the

system. The Traffic Sens system will be up and running after its integration

with DBKL‟s existing automated traffic management system in 62 locations

throughout Kuala Lumpur city center by April next year.

The company's managing director Datuk Tan Boon Hock mentioned that the

system has software that acquires and learn the traffic flow where it is

deployed and adjusts the traffic flow accordingly; it can be likened to having a

traffic policeman permanently stationed at each traffic light.

Through the Traffic Sens intelligent learning system, the “stationary cop”

would also be constantly communicating with other policemen to direct

oncoming traffic. “With the development of smart-traffic management system,

traffic light timers that are being used presently to control the city's vehicle flow

are a thing of the past.

How to develop the system In order to suit the event:

The artificial intelligence that we developed for the traffic lights is able to

detect the volume of vehicles during peak hours and synchronize with its

„peers‟ to provide smooth flow,” The Traffic Sens system is independent as it

has an early warning system that is hooked up to the traffic management

center via 3G mobile network. “If there is a faulty light in the array of Traffic

Sens system, it will dispatch a warning via SMS to the command center. “The

operators can tackle this immediately to prevent disruption in the traffic

management system where the Traffic Sens is deployed.

In downtown Toronto, Canada, the system was installed at 59 intersections

and the results showed a reduction in the average intersection delay ranging

from 27% to 39% and travel-time savings of 15% and 26% along the busiest

routes.

A spokesperson from Kuala Lumpur City Hall (DBKL) said they were in the

process of finalizing the details of the system. “Currently, the hardware has

been installed in stages at certain traffic light junctions, but the system has yet

to go online.” He said Traffic Sens. would enhance the existing Itaka and Scat

traffic light system used in some parts of the city.

One of the reasons why the Traffic Sens system was selected by DBKL was

the fact that it was locally developed; ministry of transportation in Malaysia

knows the importance of getting information out to travelers who may not be

familiar with local roads, or who have not attended a particular event

previously. To this end, so it uses a comprehensive set of traveler information

tools to assist motorists with information about their trips to and from the

venues that host planned special events.

These tools include the following:

Cable TV: During special events, the TMC offers a cable TV program that

provides audio from the traveler's advisory radio system, scrolling text with

traffic and incident information, and video feeds from traffic cameras. This

same type of show is used daily and for peak traffic periods seven days a

week .

Traveler’s advisory radio system: Twelve (12) transmitters are

placed throughout the Kuala Lumpur and simulcast travel information is

recorded by transportation management technicians in the Kuala Lumpur

TMC. The information includes any conditions related to a special event

that need to be relayed to the public .

Internet: Travel conditions are regularly updated on the Internet to

provide up-to-the-minute conditions for the entire transportation system in

general and special event conditions in specific. In the case of events that

have large attendance, such as our case (football world cup 2026),

Malaysian ministry of transportation typically creates customized pages

specifically for those events. Smaller events, however, are covered on the

agency's current incidents .

Media sharing: The TMC regularly shares information with the

broadcast media, and the media have access to the TMC‟s traffic camera

system.

My proposed system includes:

1- Third generation traffic control architecture:

Physically the system consists of four basic components, namely the

Smart Camera sensor for collecting traffic data, the Intelligent Controller

for controlling traffic flows at an individual intersection, the Intelligent

Coordinator for coordinating the timing of an individual controller with its

neigh our and the Smart Traffic Advisor. The Smart Advisor is an Expert

System that gives advice to the city traffic manager to disperse congested

traffic as quickly as possible.

A good communication system is very crucial in an urban traffic control for

the following purposes:

1) Synchronization of controller timer at each intersection for offset

implementation.

2) Exchange of traffic data between controllers.

3) Malfunction reporting from each controller to the control room .

4) Incident reporting to the control room.

2- Fully distributed processing system:

Wireless communication is a cornerstone of future Intelligent Transport

Systems (ITS). Many ITS applications require the dissemination of

information with a rapid and direct communication, which can be achieved

by ad hoc networking.Geo Networking is a network-layer protocol for

mobile ad hoc communication based on wireless technology, such asTS-

G5. It provides communication in mobile environments without the need

for a coordinating infrastructure.Geo Networking utilizes geographical

positions for dissemination of information and transport of data packets. It

offers communication over multiple wireless hops, where nodes in the

network forward data packets on behalf of each other to extend the

communication range. Originally proposed for general mobile ad hoc

networks, variants of Geo Networking have been proposed for other

network types, such as vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), mesh

networks and wireless

Sensor networks Therefore, Geo Networking can also be regarded as a

family of network protocols based on the usage of geographical positions

for addressing and transport of data packets in different types of networks.

3- Public transport and active transport priority:

A decent public transport system is taking into account the „network effect'.

This is an interconnecting train, tram and bus system, where timetables

and exchanges correspond and interlock permitting 'anyplace to-anyplace'

traverse a city. It also has a system of public transport lines where the

structure is simple and the timetable is steady, making it easy for the

people to learn and comprehend it. While public transport critics regularly

assert that public transport just works in populaces with high thickness, the

confirmation indicates something else. Case in point, Toronto, Vancouver

and Zurich all have regions with lower densities than Melbourne, yet

quality public transport systems have been effectively acquainted with

these urban communities.

Public transport in Kuala Lumpur

4- Advanced sensor such as video sensors:

Traffic safety analysis has often been undertaken using historical collision

data. However, there are well-recognized availability and quality problems

associated with collision data. In addition, the use of collision records for

safety analysis is reactive: a significant number of collisions have to be

recorded before action is taken. Therefore, the observation of traffic

conflicts has been advocated as a complementary approach to analyze

traffic safety. However, incomplete conceptualization and the cost of

training observers and collecting conflict data have been factors inhibiting

extensive application of the technique. The goal of this research is to

develop a method for automated road safety analysis using video sensors

in order to address the problem of a dependency on the deteriorating

collision data. The method will automate the extraction of traffic conflicts

from video sensors data. This should address the main shortcomings of

the traffic conflict technique. This paper describes comprehensive system

for traffic conflict detection in video data. The system is composed of a

feature-based vehicle tracking algorithm adapted for intersections and a

traffic conflict detection method based on the clustering of vehicle

trajectories. The clustering uses a K-means approach with Hidden Markov

Models and a simple heuristic to find the number of clusters automatically.

Traffic conflicts can then be detected by identifying and adapting pairs of

models of conflicting trajectories. The technique is demonstrated on real

world video sequences of traffic conflicts.

5- Advanced travelers information system that includes

public transport and advanced GPS utilization:

Traveler information systems provide the transportation-system user with

information regarding one or more modes of transportation. This

information can be provided pre-trip or in-route. The user may access the

information at home, work, a transportation center, wayside stops, on

board the vehicle, or through various technologies while traveling.

Information that may be provided to the users is grouped into three

categories: General Information. The user is provided with information on

available transportation services in the region. Information that may be

identified includes transit services, bus or rail, taxi services, major

roadways, attractions, and other such information on operating agencies,

telephones numbers, and automated linking to agencies‟ home pages.

Schedule Information. The user is provided with a time table/itinerary for a

given trip. Information may include details about the route, fare, schedules,

transfer requirements, bus stop locations, and maps. Operational

information. The user is provided with real-time status of the transportation

system or services. In the case of a transit agency, the patrons may obtain

information regarding expected arrival/departure times, delays, passenger

loading, and congestion so that the user may an informed decision with

regard to their trip and available alternatives. Pre-trip information may be

used to plan the mode of travel and/or best route. The pre-trip information

may be accessed through the use of:

Cable television.

Radio broadcasts.

Personal computers.

Personal communication devices.

Telephone.

Information kiosks.

Conclusion:

The use of ITS helps to ease the congestion and frustration that accompany

many planned special events. ITS offer benefits to all types of agencies that

host planned special events, from large urban areas that host special events

throughout the year to small rural areas that host only one or two events

annually. Transportation officials in localities around the country have

recognized the important role ITS technologies play in the success of their

planned special events. Many of these individuals also recognize that without

these technologies, managing the transportation needs of both event

attendees and local citizens would be a much more challenging proposition. A

key component to a successful event is not only the integration of different

traffic management system components and technologies, but also the

integration of the stakeholders themselves into a coordinated and cohesive

team. Without a well-established line of communication and a strong sense of

coordination among transportation agencies, law enforcement and public

safety agencies, emergency responders, event planners, the media, and

interested local parties, ITS technologies are simply expensive tools sitting in

a toolbox. No matter the type of event or its size, the most important element

is having a well-prepared plan and executing it with the full cooperation of all

of the organizations involved.