Assessment of finger millet cultivars/landraces for ...
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Assessment of finger millet cultivars/landraces for performance, stability, and interrelationships among traits under contrasting irrigation water-salinity levels in Dubai Abidemi Talabi 1* , Nhamo Nhamo 1 , Prashant Vikram 1 , Hifzurrahman Rahman 1 , Sumitha Thrushar 1 , Mohammed Shadid 1 , and Rakesh Singh 1 1 International Center for Biosaline Agriculture, Dubai, [email protected] INTRODUCTION Soil and water salinity are major contributors to decline in productivity of agricultural lands, thereby, limiting food and fodder production (Khan et al., 2006). The International Center for Biosaline Agriculture (ICBA) is presently exploring nutrient-dense and stress-tolerant under-utilized crops for dietary diversification in marginal environments. The objectives of this study were to identify finger millet cultivars with high grain and/or fodder yield(s), determine the stability of the cultivars and investigate interrelationships among traits under varying salinity levels. METHODOLOGY One hundred entries comprising 75 test cultivars (unreplicated) and 5 check cultivars which were replicated in each of five blocks using augmented randomized complete block design were tested under 0 (control), 6 and 10 dS/m irrigation water salinity levels at ICBA research field in 2021. Each experimental unit was 1 m 2 with inter- and intra-row spacings of 0.25m. Fertilization was done using NPK and urea. Weeds were controlled manually, while pesticide was used to control insects. Data were collected on days to maturity (DM), plant height (PHT), plant aspect (PASP), panicle weight (PWT), fresh fodder yield (FFYLD), dry fodder yield (DFYLD) and grain yield (GYLD). Measured traits were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA), correlation, path and stability analyses using appropriate statistical softwares (SPSS Inc, 2007; SAS Institute, 2011; PBTools, 2014). CONCLUSIONS The promising cultivars could contribute to the food and fodder requirements in salt-affected areas. Cultivar IE 3392 should be promoted for wide cultivation across all environments. However, IE 6337 should be explored for fresh irrigation water production while IE7079 should promoted for production under saline water irrigation environments. The PASP, PWT, DM, and FFYLD could serve as secondary traits for indirect or index selection for grain and/or fodder yield(s) improvement. RESULTS Cultivars IE 2457, IE 3391, IE 4028, IE 7320, IE3392, IE 6337, IE 2619, IE 4646, IE 4797, and IE 6240 (Table not shown) were the top performers based on rank summation index (RSI) that incorporated high PWT, FFYLD, DFYLD and GYLD ( Mulamba abd Mock,1978). The identified top performers for grain and fodder yields suggested the availability of cultivars for addressing the food and fodder deficits in the region. Stability analysis revealed G5 (IE 3392) as highest yielding and most stable across all salinity levels (E1, E2 and E3), whreas G6 (E 6337) showed specific adaptation to E1 (0 dS/m) and G11 (IE7079) to both E2 and E3 (6 and 10 dS/m) salinity levels (Figs 1 and 2). ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We acknowledge and appreciate the Islamic Development Bank for funding this research Path analysis revealed PASP and PWT as the traits accounting for 86.6 % of the variation in GYLD (Fig. 3A) while DM, PWT, and FFYLD were the traits identified as contributing 81.5 % to the differences in DFYLD (Fig. 3B). The PASP and PWT were the two important secondary traits for improvement of GYLD while DM, PWT, and FFYLD were found important for DFYLD improvement. R 2 = 86.6% Grain yield (Kg/ha) R1 (-0.160) Plant aspect 13.4% Panicle weight -0.59 (0.788) R 2 = 81.5% Dry fodder (Kg/ha) (-0.197) Panicle weight R1 18.5% Days to maturity (0.130) Fresh fodder (0.708) 0.39 -0.36 0.12 Figs 3A and 3B. Path diagrams showing grain and dry fodder yields of finger millet cultivars along with associated secondary traits under varying salinity levels, ICBA, Dubai. Values in parenthesis are direct path coefficients while other values are correlation coefficients. R1 is residual effect Fig 1. A Mean vs. Stability view based on a genotype x environment yield data of top 15, middle 5 and worst 10 finger millet cultivars under varying salinity levels, ICBA, Dubai. Cultivar IE 3392, with high grain yield and stability across all research environments could be cultivated under fresh and saline water irrigations environments. Similar findings were reported by Kandel et al (2020). Cultivar IE6337 with specific adaptation to 0 dS/m should be explored under freshwater irrigation while IE7079 with adaptation to 6 and 10 dS/m salinity levels should be promoted for production under saline water irrigation environments. 3A 3B Fig 2. A Which-won where or which-is-best-at-what based on a genotype × environment yield data of top 15, middle 5 and worst 10 finger millet cultivars under varying salinity levels, ICBA, Dubai.
Transcript of Assessment of finger millet cultivars/landraces for ...
Assessment of finger millet cultivars/landraces for performance, stability, and interrelationships among traits under contrasting irrigation water-salinity levels in DubaiAbidemi Talabi1*, Nhamo Nhamo1, Prashant Vikram1, Hifzurrahman Rahman1, Sumitha Thrushar1, Mohammed Shadid1, and Rakesh Singh1
1International Center for Biosaline Agriculture, Dubai, [email protected]
INTRODUCTION
Soil and water salinity are major contributorsto decline in productivity of agricultural lands,thereby, limiting food and fodder production(Khan et al., 2006). The International Centerfor Biosaline Agriculture (ICBA) is presentlyexploring nutrient-dense and stress-tolerantunder-utilized crops for dietary diversificationin marginal environments. The objectives ofthis study were to identify finger milletcultivars with high grain and/or fodderyield(s), determine the stability of the cultivarsand investigate interrelationships among traitsunder varying salinity levels.
METHODOLOGY
One hundred entries comprising 75 testcultivars (unreplicated) and 5 check cultivarswhich were replicated in each of five blocksusing augmented randomized complete blockdesign were tested under 0 (control), 6 and 10dS/m irrigation water salinity levels at ICBAresearch field in 2021. Each experimental unitwas 1 m2with inter- and intra-row spacings of0.25m. Fertilization was done using NPK andurea. Weeds were controlled manually, whilepesticide was used to control insects. Data werecollected on days to maturity (DM), plantheight (PHT), plant aspect (PASP), panicleweight (PWT), fresh fodder yield (FFYLD), dryfodder yield (DFYLD) and grain yield (GYLD).Measured traits were subjected to analysis ofvariance (ANOVA), correlation, path andstability analyses using appropriate statisticalsoftwares (SPSS Inc, 2007; SAS Institute, 2011;PBTools, 2014).
CONCLUSIONS
The promising cultivars could contribute to thefood and fodder requirements in salt-affectedareas. Cultivar IE 3392 should be promoted forwide cultivation across all environments.However, IE 6337 should be explored for freshirrigation water production while IE7079should promoted for production under salinewater irrigation environments. The PASP,PWT, DM, and FFYLD could serve assecondary traits for indirect or index selectionfor grain and/or fodder yield(s) improvement.
RESULTS
Cultivars IE 2457, IE 3391, IE 4028, IE 7320,IE3392, IE 6337, IE 2619, IE 4646, IE 4797,and IE 6240 (Table not shown) were the topperformers based on rank summation index(RSI) that incorporated high PWT, FFYLD,DFYLD and GYLD ( Mulamba abd Mock,1978).The identified top performers for grain andfodder yields suggested the availability ofcultivars for addressing the food and fodderdeficits in the region.
Stability analysis revealed G5 (IE 3392) ashighest yielding and most stable across allsalinity levels (E1, E2 and E3), whreas G6 (E6337) showed specific adaptation to E1 (0dS/m) and G11 (IE7079) to both E2 and E3 (6and 10 dS/m) salinity levels (Figs 1 and 2).
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We acknowledge and appreciate the IslamicDevelopment Bank for funding this research
Path analysis revealed PASP and PWT as thetraits accounting for 86.6 % of the variation inGYLD (Fig. 3A) while DM, PWT, and FFYLDwere the traits identified as contributing 81.5 %to the differences in DFYLD (Fig. 3B). ThePASP and PWT were the two importantsecondary traits for improvement of GYLDwhile DM, PWT, and FFYLD were foundimportant for DFYLD improvement.
R2 = 86.6%
Grain
yield
(Kg/ha)
R1
(-0.160)
Plant
aspect
13.4%Panicle
weight
-0.59
(0.788)
R2 = 81.5%
Dry
fodder
(Kg/ha)
(-0.197) Panicle
weight
R1
18.5%
Days to
maturity
(0.130)
Fresh
fodder
(0.708)
0.39
-0.36
0.12
Figs 3A and 3B. Path diagrams showing grain and dryfodder yields of finger millet cultivars along withassociated secondary traits under varying salinity levels,ICBA, Dubai. Values in parenthesis are direct pathcoefficients while other values are correlation coefficients.R1 is residual effect
Fig 1. A Mean vs. Stability view based on a genotype xenvironment yield data of top 15, middle 5 and worst 10finger millet cultivars under varying salinity levels, ICBA,Dubai.
Cultivar IE 3392, with high grain yield andstability across all research environments couldbe cultivated under fresh and saline waterirrigations environments. Similar findings werereported by Kandel et al (2020). CultivarIE6337 with specific adaptation to 0 dS/mshould be explored under freshwater irrigationwhile IE7079 with adaptation to 6 and 10 dS/msalinity levels should be promoted forproduction under saline water irrigationenvironments.
3A
3B
Fig 2. A Which-won where or which-is-best-at-what basedon a genotype × environment yield data of top 15, middle 5and worst 10 finger millet cultivars under varying salinitylevels, ICBA, Dubai.
