Assessment and mitigation of Marine Corrosion in metallic ......(Draft/Final) 01 29/10/2015 Draft...

Infrastructure Access Reports

Infrastructure FH-IWES Offshore Field Test Facilities

Assessment and mitigation of Marine Corrosion in metallic components in Marine Renewable Energy

(MRE) devices (Phase 4) User-Project CoMaRE Phase 4

CTC-CENIM-TECNALIA

Marine Renewables Infrastructure Network

Status Final Version 02 Date 30-Oct-2015

EC FP7 ldquoCapacitiesrdquo Specific Programme Research Infrastructure Action

Infrastructure Access Report CoMaRE Phase 4

Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 2 of 20

ABOUT MARINET MARINET (Marine Renewables Infrastructure Network for emerging Energy Technologies) is an EC-funded network of research centres and organisations that are working together to accelerate the development of marine renewable energy - wave tidal amp offshore-wind The initiative is funded through the ECs Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) and runs for four years until 2015 The network of 29 partners with 42 specialist marine research facilities is spread across 11 EU countries and 1 International Cooperation Partner Country (Brazil) MARINET offers periods of free-of-charge access to test facilities at a range of world-class research centres Companies and research groups can avail of this Transnational Access (TA) to test devices at any scale in areas such as wave energy tidal energy offshore-wind energy and environmental data or to conduct tests on cross-cutting areas such as power take-off systems grid integration materials or moorings In total over 700 weeks of access is available to an estimated 300 projects and 800 external users with at least four calls for access applications over the 4-year initiative MARINET partners are also working to implement common standards for testing in order to streamline the development process conducting research to improve testing capabilities across the network providing training at various facilities in the network in order to enhance personnel expertise and organising industry networking events in order to facilitate partnerships and knowledge exchange The aim of the initiative is to streamline the capabilities of test infrastructures in order to enhance their impact and accelerate the commercialisation of marine renewable energy See wwwfp7-marineteu for more details

Partners

Ireland University College Cork HMRC (UCC_HMRC)

Coordinator

Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland (SEAI_OEDU)

Denmark Aalborg Universitet (AAU)

Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (RISOE)

France EcoleCentrale de Nantes (ECN)

Institut Franccedilais de Recherche Pour lExploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)

United Kingdom National Renewable Energy Centre Ltd (NAREC)

The University of Exeter (UNEXE)

European Marine Energy Centre Ltd (EMEC)

University of Strathclyde (UNI_STRATH)

The University of Edinburgh (UEDIN)

Queenrsquos University Belfast (QUB)

PlymouthUniversity(PU)

Spain Ente Vasco de la Energiacutea (EVE)

Tecnalia Research amp Innovation Foundation (TECNALIA)

Belgium 1-Tech (1_TECH)

Netherlands Stichting Tidal Testing Centre (TTC)

StichtingEnergieonderzoek Centrum Nederland (ECNeth)

Germany Fraunhofer-GesellschaftZurFoerderung Der AngewandtenForschung EV (Fh_IWES)

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universitaumlt Hannover (LUH)

Universitaet Stuttgart (USTUTT)

Portugal Wave Energy Centre ndash Centro de Energia das Ondas (WavEC)

Italy UniversitagravedegliStudi di Firenze (UNIFI-CRIACIV)

UniversitagravedegliStudi di Firenze (UNIFI-PIN)

UniversitagravedegliStudidellaTuscia (UNI_TUS)

ConsiglioNazionaledelleRicerche (CNR-INSEAN)

Brazil Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnoloacutegicas do Estado de Satildeo Paulo SA (IPT)

Norway SintefEnergi AS (SINTEF)

NorgesTeknisk-NaturvitenskapeligeUniversitet (NTNU)


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 3 of 20

DOCUMENT INFORMATION Title Assessment and mitigation of Marine Corrosion in metallic components in Marine

Renewable Energy (MRE) devices (Phase 4)

Distribution Public

Document Reference MARINET-TA2-CoMaRE Phase 4

User-Group Leader Lead Author

David Fernaacutendez de Rucoba CTC Phone +34 942 76 69 76 Email dfernandezctcomponentescom

User-Group Members Contributing Authors

Rauacutel Rodriguez Arias CTC Daniel de la Fuente CENIM Manuel Morcillo CENIM Jean Baptiste Jorcin TECNALIA Marta Tejero Gracia TECNALIA

Infrastructure Accessed FH-IWES Offshore Field Test Facilities

Infrastructure Manager (or Main Contact)

Mario Houmlrnig Oliver Holger Kranz

REVISION HISTORY Rev Date Description Prepared by

(Name) Approved By Infrastructure

Manager

Status (DraftFinal)

01 29102015 Draft for Approval David Fernaacutendez de Rucoba

Draft

02 30102015 Final David Fernaacutendez de Rucoba

Mario Houmlrnig Final


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 4 of 20

ABOUT THIS REPORT One of the requirements of the EC in enabling a user group to benefit from free-of-charge access to an infrastructure is that the user group must be entitled to disseminate the foreground (information and results) that they have generated under the project in order to progress the state-of-the-art of the sector Notwithstanding this the EC also state that dissemination activities shall be compatible with the protection of intellectual property rights confidentiality obligations and the legitimate interests of the owner(s) of the foreground The aim of this report is therefore to meet the first requirement of publicly disseminating the knowledge generated through this MARINET infrastructure access project in an accessible format in order to

progress the state-of-the-art

publicise resulting progress made for the technologyindustry

provide evidence of progress made along the Structured Development Plan

provide due diligence material for potential future investment and financing

share lessons learned

avoid potential future replication by others

provide opportunities for future collaboration

etc In some cases the user group may wish to protect some of this information which they deem commercially sensitive and so may choose to present results in a normalised (non-dimensional) format or withhold certain design data ndash this is acceptable and allowed for in the second requirement outlined above

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The work described in this publication has received support from MARINET a European Community - Research Infrastructure Action under the FP7 ldquoCapacitiesrdquo Specific Programme

LEGAL DISCLAIMER The views expressed and responsibility for the content of this publication lie solely with the authors The European Commission is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained herein This work may rely on data from sources external to the MARINET project Consortium Members of the Consortium do not accept liability for loss or damage suffered by any third party as a result of errors or inaccuracies in such data The information in this document is provided ldquoas isrdquo and no guarantee or warranty is given that the information is fit for any particular purpose The user there of uses the information at its sole risk and neither the European Commission nor any member of the MARINET Consortium is liable for any use that may be made of the information


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 5 of 20

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Degradation due to the environment in marine devices and components is one of the main issues facing the offshore industry and is an even greater issue in devices with a high degree of autonomous operation In this report an on-going research and experimental project is presented The project CoMaRE -Assessment and mitigation of marine Corrosion in metallic components in Marine Renewable Energy (MRE) devices- is focused in the assessment of the marine corrosion phenomena on metallic components in MRE devices from a practical point of view and in the evaluation of different components This project has an estimated duration of two years therefore several phases are needed to achieve the desired results During this fourth phase of project CoMaRE main activity has been the control and removal of part of tested coupons in field at Helgoland and the accelerated weathering tests below different exposure conditions at the CTCrsquos laboratory Additionally CTC has analysed the test of novel coating systems with nanoparticles of oxides and graphene oxide The trials at the Fraunhofer IWES offshore field test facilities were developed in the North Sea at the Island Helgoland (Germany) and additional results were obtained Mooring chains slide (with and without a Thermally Sprayed Aluminium coating ndash TSA) pieces of fibre ropes of different diameters steel plates (with and without coatings) and polymer composite specimens were tested at the offshore test rig in diverse marine conditions (tidal splash and submerged) and atmospheric in the CTCacutes facilities (Santander Spain) Accelerated weathering tests were also carried out at CTCrsquos Laboratory (UV cyclic weathering and salt spray tests) Steel coated coupons with antifouling (AF) paints including the use of oxide nanoparticles and graphene were exposed to different environments Surface of non additivated coating showed less roughness than additivated coating in nano-metrical scale and roughness in both cases was found to increase after salt spray exposure In any of the AF coated samples macrofouling was not found at surface Results in terms of estimated corrosion rate were obtained for chain slide samples in submerged zone for different exposure periods


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 6 of 20

CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTIONamp BACKGROUND 7

11 INTRODUCTION 7 111 Task 1 Field test 7 112 Task 2 Workshop activities 7 113 Tasks 3 amp 4 Laboratory tests analysis and correlation 7 114 Task 5 Dissemination 8

12 DEVELOPMENT SO FAR 8 121 Plan For This Access 8

2 OUTLINE OF WORK CARRIED OUT 9

21 SETUP 9 22 TESTS 10 221 Test Plan 10

23 RESULTS 13 24 ANALYSIS amp CONCLUSIONS 16

3 MAIN LEARNING OUTCOMES 18

31 PROGRESS MADE 18 311 Progress Made For This User-Group or Technology 18 312 Progress Made For Marine Renewable Energy Industry 18

32 KEY LESSONS LEARNED 18

4 FURTHER INFORMATION 19

41 SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS 19 42 WEBSITE amp SOCIAL MEDIA 19

5 REFERENCES 19


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 7 of 20

1 INTRODUCTIONamp BACKGROUND

11 INTRODUCTION Degradation due to the environment in marine devices and components is one of the main issues facing the offshore industry and is an even greater issue in devices with a high degree of autonomous operation This project is focused on the practical aspects of one degradation mechanism corrosion of metallic components in Marine Renewable Energy devices The selected testing infrastructure is unique in the MARINET consortium and also across Europe as it is located in a real offshore environment As the main objectives of the project are to assess the marine corrosion mechanisms and to evaluate different candidate corrosion protection techniques it is essential to carry out the tests in real extreme conditions The technological and scientific support offered by the well-experienced staff of the selected infrastructure is another reason to propose the access to these test facilities Taking into account the scientific background of the User Group (UG) it is expected that as a result of this project further lines of collaboration and research will be established between the institutions In the following points the tasks for Phase 4 proposed in 5th Call of MARINET are shown These tasks were completed during the 5th Call access period (01022014-31122014)

111 Task 1 Field test The objective of this task is testing several samples for assessing the marine corrosion rate at the offshore field test facilities Some examples that were described in the proposal for Phase 4 are listed below (non exhaustive)

bull CLIMAT coupons [1] bull Mooring systems (mooring chains fibre ropes) bull Standards coupons with and without coatings bull Coupons of wind blade composite bull Coupons for accelerated tests

Further description of the components actually tested during phase 4 is included in section 12 Field tests have also included the development of atmospheric corrosion tests in the CTCs facilities These tests have the aim to check if any correlation between accelerated and real field tests exists

112 Task 2 Workshop activities Workshop of the UG will be done in following phases Proposal for the 6th Call of MARINET was elaborated instead of Workshop activities It was a good opportunity to continue the project as the duration of the field test exceeding the time of the previous calls

113 Tasks 3 amp 4 Laboratory tests analysis and correlation Once the field tests are finished the samples will be analysed applying standard practices in the laboratory These studies will mainly consist on weight loss evaluation and microstructural characterization of the samples by means of Optical and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) A general morphological evaluation of the samples will be also carried out in order to identify the corrosion phenomena suffered In the case of composite coupons tensile tests were made to verify the environmental effect over the mechanical properties


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 8 of 20

Accelerated weathering tests were planned to be carried out

114 Task 5 Dissemination It was planned to attend to a European congress and write some scientific articles based on the experiences but due to corrosion phenomenon takes a long time to develop they will be done in following phases

12 DEVELOPMENT SO FAR

121 Plan For This Access The tasks of the Phase 4 of the project are herein referred and their development in this access is shown below

1211 Task 1 Field tests

The components tested during this phase include

Standard steel coupons with antifouling (AF) coating system including oxide nano-particles (NPs new in this phase)

Standard steel coupons only with 1 layer of AF coatings including graphene oxide (GO) addition (new in this phase)

Standard coupons of anticorrosive coating systems for Tecnalia

Mooring systems chains with and without coatings fibre ropes with steel core

Coupons of composite unsaturated polyester (UPS) with and without carbon nanotubes

Coupons of composite pre-preg epoxy reinforced with glass fiber

CLIMAT coupons to obtain different corrosivity indexes [1]

Coupons for accelerated tests Pre-preg epoxy composite polyester and antifouling coated coupons

Reference un-aged coupons

1212 Task 2 Workshop activities

Proposal for the 6th Call of MARINET was elaborated instead of Workshop activities It was a good opportunity to continue the project as the duration of the field test exceeding the time of the previous calls

1213 Tasks 3 amp 4 Laboratory tests analysis and correlation

Stress-strain curves have been obtained from unaged composite coupons in the first phase Besides in the following phases stress-strain curves have been obtained for exposed composite coupons in marine and atmospheric conditions AFM images were obtained from the surface of unexposed coupons with different AF coating systems and after salt spray weathering Mean thickness loss and estimated corrosion rate due to corrosion is obtained from uncoated chain slides by means of chemical cleaning of corroded steel following ISO 8407 standard method C31[2] In the case of composites UVA 340 nm artificial exposure as well as water spray cyclic weathering was done according EN 12224 [3] For the coated steel plates with antifouling a salt spray test (acc to ISO 9227 [4]) was carried out with substitute sea water with the same chemical composition of natural seawater Accelerated test (UV exposure and salt fog tests) were performed

1214 Task 5 Dissemination

In previous phases of the project 2 posters have been presented in Eurocorr 2013 and in Thetis MRE 2013 In this phase a conference paper was presented in IWEC 2014 (wwwiwec2014de) in Hannover titled ldquoDegradation and corrosion testing of materials and coating systems for offshore wind turbine substructures in North Sea watersrdquo [5]


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 9 of 20

On the webpage of the CTC a reference is included to this project (httpctcomponentesesencomare-2[10]5010)

2 OUTLINE OF WORK CARRIED OUT

21 SETUP

The recent work continues the one started in CoMaRE Phase 1 [6] CoMaRE Phase 2 [7] and CoMaRE Phase 3 [8] which overlaps in time with CoMaRE Phase 4 In Figure 21 several coupons are shown which have been prepared for exposure in the splash zone at the facility

The main activities in the 4th Phase were related to

1 Control of on-going test coupons the number of coupons in the tests needs to be controlled Several inspections have been done to the coupons by Fraunhofer IWES in this phase during the environmental tests to check that the conditions of the tests are kept

2 Removal of tested coupons once the coupons have finished their exposure time they were removed from test rig

3 Analysis of tested coupons cleaning procedure was done acc to ISO 8227 [2] for uncoated chain slides in submerged condition MCI index was obtained Final inspection was done to the removed coupons

Figure 21 Coupons of Phase 3 amp 4 being tested in the splash zone (from left to right fibre ropes coated steel plates and offshore chain slices)

Environmental Site at CTCrsquos headquarters At the CTCrsquos headquarters roof (2 Km from shoreline) the following activities were achieved

Control of tested coupons coupons need to be controlled during its exposure

Removal and analysis of tested coupons Laboratory accelerated weathering at CTC In the case of composites UVA 340 nm artificial exposure as well as distilled water spray cyclic weathering was done according EN 12444 [3] In Figure 22 coupons installed in the UV chamber are observed For the coated steel plates with antifouling a salt spray test (acc to ISO 9227) was carried out with substitute sea water (prepared acc to ASTM D1141 [9]) with the same chemical composition of natural seawater Accelerated test (UV exposure and salt fog tests) were performed but results are still being analysed


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 0 of 20

Figure 22 Coupons of Phase 4 (Pre-preg epoxy and UPS composite coupons) ready for exposure in UV chamber

22 TESTS

221 Test Plan During this Fourth Phase of the project we have followed the previous test plan [6] which served as a basis for the tests which will be followed in the upcoming phase The next phase will be necessary in order to be able to obtain a more clear correlation between field tests and the accelerated ones at laboratory after analysing all the results As part of the development of the project the three companies (Degima Vicinay Cadenas and Itsaskorda) that were testing their components ldquoin kindrdquo continued the tests Therefore the testing program for this Phase 4 follows the one proposed for Phase 3 after the Phase 1 and 2 of the project In the following graph timing for CTCrsquos tests is summarized CENIM will start their activities in the next phase Tecnalia exposed different coating systems during this phase CTC has continued the activities already started following the chronogram showed in the Figure 23


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 11 of 20

Figure 23 CoMaRE access periods and tests chronogram

Project Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48

CTC Composite (Polyester+GF)

Composite (Polyester+GF) + MWCNT

Prepreg Epoxi+GF

CLIMAT

DEGIMA Uncoated steel plates (S355J2+N)

Coated coupons (AFAF+NPs in topcoat)

Coated coupons (AFAF+GO)

ITSASKORDA Seine Rope D=46mm

Malleta D=38mm

Combirope D=18mm

VCSA Uncoated HSS chain slides

TSA coated HSS chain slides

Coordination MARINET Calls

1st Access Period

2nd Access Period

3rd Access Period

5th Access Period

6th Access Period

Visits to Helgoland

Visual inspections

Workshops

Other

Closing Calls

CTC visits

Visual inspections by FH-IWES

Install probes

Remove probes

2012 2013 2014 2015

v v

v

v v


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 12 of 20

2211 Description of the coupons

As previously described [6]-[8] Fraunhofer IWES operates a marine corrosion tests facility in the inner side of the seawall of Helgolandrsquos harbour In this test site there are three different areas that can be classified attending the accepted criteria [10] [11] in marine corrosion Splash Tidal and Submerged zones

Each coupon was coded and a shorter code system was selected for labelling on the tested specimens as described in previous reports

2212 Phase 1 - Phase 4 test coupons for CTC

CTC following the test plan [6] has fabricated prepared and tested the following specimens along Phase 4 Several CLIMAT Coupons [1] were prepared by CENIM and later located in the splash zone in Helgoland and on the roof of the CTCs facilities These standard coupons are widely used for the analysis of the corrosivity in different atmospheric conditions [12]-[14] All the samples for CTC along this project are classified according to Table 21

Helgoland (400x90mm) CTC

Splash Tidal Submerged Atmospheric (280x25mm)

Lab (250x25mm)

Composite (Polyester+GF) 1(3) 1(3) 1(3) 3 6

Composite (Polyester+GF) + MWCNT 1(3) 1(3) 1(3) 3 6

Composite (Epoxy+GF Prepreg) 1(3) 1(3) 1(3) 3 6

CLIMAT 4 - - 4 -

Table 21 Number of coupons planned in the phase 1 - phase 4 for each exposition zone fabricated at CTC

2213 Phase 1 ndashPhase 4 test coupons for Degima

Samples tested in different environments during Phase 3 are summarized in Table 22 Coated coupons were installed in the 4th Phase Consequently different coated samples were installed

Multilayer steel coated coupons o Coupons (400x90x4 mm) of S355J2+N steel with the upper half part coated with option (a) and the

lower half with option (b) o Standard coupons for accelerated laboratory tests (150x75x4mm) four of them were coated with

option (a) and the other four with option (b)

One-layer steel coated coupons o Standard coupons (400x90x4 mm) of S355J2+N steel with the upper half was coated with option (c)

and the lower half of the coupons was coated with option (d)



Lab (150x75mm)

Uncoated Plate (S355J2+N) 3 3 3 - -

Coated with AF frac12 with oxide NPs 3 3 3 3 4+4

Coated with AF 1 layer with frac12 GO 3 - - - -

Table 22 Number of coupons exposed in the Phase 3 for each zone fabricated and coated at Degima


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 13 of 20

2214 Phase 1 ndash Phase 4 test coupons for Itsaskorda

The specimens exposed to environmental conditions in the case of Itsaskorda consist on rope segments of 30 cm length making a total of 8 specimens for each type of rope Different rope types are studied [6] As commented in [6] they are located in tidal and submerged areas and they will have two different ageing times 12 and 24 months Table 23 contains the number of each type of rope specimen as well as the exposure environment

Helgoland CTC

Splash Tidal Submerged Atmospheric Lab

SeineRope Oslash46 - 4 4 - -

Malleta Oslash38 - 4 4 - -

Combirope Oslash18 - 4 4 - -

Table 23 Number of coupons planned in phase 1 for each exposition zone fabricated at Itsaskorda

2215 Phase 1 - Phase 4 test coupons for Vicinay Cadenas

Itrsquos planned to expose to different marine environments samples of Vicinayrsquos high strength steel chain links These coupons were extracted from the side of Vicinayrsquos chain links which are used to moor offshore floating structures [7] Two options are investigated herein an uncoated R3S high strength steel and a R3S high strength steel coated with TSA A total of 48 specimens divided between the splash tidal and submerged environments were installed in previous phases as shown in Table 24

Helgoland CTC


HSS 8 8 8 - -

HSS coated with TSA 8 8 8 - -

Table 24 Number of coupons installed in previous phases for each exposure zone fabricated at Vicinay Cadenas

23 RESULTS Uncoated Chain slides samples Uncoated chain slides provided by Vicinay Cadenas were cleaned after exposure acc to ISO 8407 method C31 and weight loss due to corrosion was calculated for two specimens in submerged condition for 6 12 18 and 24 months of exposure The following figure summarizes the estimated results for averaged surface mean value of corrosion rate and mean corrosion depth


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 14 of 20

Figure 24 Estimated corrosion rate for 4 exposure periods of uncoated chain slides in submerged zone

Figure 25 Mean corrosion depth for 4 exposure periods of uncoated chain slides in submerged zone

AFM observations over AF coating surfaces Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) was used for the analysis of surface with and without Nanoparticles (NPs) addition Observations were also made after 240 hours of salt spray testing with substitute ocean water Roughness measurements (Ra values) were obtained for four points of the surface of each coupon In the next chart bars measurements are collected

0000

0025

0050

0075

0100

0125

0150

0175

0200

0225

0 6 12 18 24 30

corr

osi

on

rat

e m

my

Time (months)

R5S Submerged

1018

1593

22512346

0

50

100

150

200

250

0 6 12 18 24 30

Co

rro

sio

n d

ep

th micro

m

Time (months)

R3S Submerged


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 15 of 20

Figure 26 Image Ra of AF coatings surface for 4 coupons and their mean value before (blue) and after (red) accelerated salt spray tests

GFRP UPS composite samples The main result of the project so far is the assessment of the increment of weight and the variation of the strength of the unsaturated polyester fibre reinforced composite material (GFRP UPS) in unexposed and exposed sites and the observations made at the field to all the exposed coupons at the end of the third phase The results (maximum stress and maximum deformation) of tensile testing of the unexposed vs exposed coupons are presented and discussed in [5]

Rest of the samples In the last inspection it was found that several specimens showed signs of oxidation and rusting processes as can be observed in [5] Marine growth was also observed in the tidal and submerged zones As an example the Figure 29 shows the antifouling coating system coupons before and after 12 months of exposure in splash tidal and submerged zones Visual inspection has been carried out for all the samples

000

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000

50000

with NPs without NPs

Ra

[nm

]

1LAB 2LAB 3LAB 4LAB Mean 1LAB 2LAB 3LAB 4LAB Mean


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 16 of 20

Spla

sh

Tid

al

Sub

me

rge

d

Figure 27 AF multilayer coated samples Initial aspect and after 9 months of exposure (front face)

24 ANALYSIS amp CONCLUSIONS From the visual inspection of the coupons and the after-exposure tests we conclude that the corrosiondegradation processes developed in the specimens located in the different zones more significantly in uncoated ones In fact submerged and tidal specimens also showed marine growth Sorted by type of coupon

1 Composite unsaturated polyester coupons (GFRP UPS) no major surface chalking or degradation damage on field test was shown Some whitening around fibre glass was observed in coupons without MWCNT addition The addition of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) has decreased the mean loss of mechanical properties due to natural weathering in all the marine environments

o Atmospheric zone weight loss was observed and the highest rate of mechanical properties loss was measured

o Splash zone Weight gain was observed but less than tidal and submerged zones Less effect in mechanical properties was observed in the case of coupons with MWCNT


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 17 of 20

o Tidal zone The composite coupons were more covered by algae than metallic ones Generally less weight gain was also observed in the case of coupons with MWCNT compared to submerged zone

o Submerged zone specimens showed marine growth but less than metallic coupons The Mechanical properties loss is more relevant in this marine environment so it could be related with algae and microbial activity The highest weight gain was measured

o Accelerated cyclic UV tests whitening around glass fibers in MWCNT was also observed Mechanical tests will be done in next phase

2 Pre-preg epoxy composite coupons

o Atmospheric and splash zones no major changes were observed in both o Tidal zone barnacles and algae colonized some parts of the coupons o Accelerated cyclic UV tests changes in dark colour were observed in contrast from less exposed

parts

3 Uncoated steel plate coupons (from previous phases) o Splash zone showed noticeable traces of corrosion o Submerged and tidal zones medium fouling and rusting was observed

4 AF Multilayer steel coated coupons AFM images of unexposed samples were obtained showing differences

between the coatings with and without nano-additions The main issues observed so far o Splash zone only whitening of the topcoat was observed as can be seen in Figure 27 No marine

growth or rusting This degradation effect is likely to be produced by the combination of different environmental factors including salt concentration temperature variations and solar UV radiation among others

o Tidal zone no significant marine growth Some marks of fouling in the lower part of the coupons o Submerged zone algae marine growth is not again observed after 9 months so its antifouling

property seems to be partially effective only some brown biological fouling is attached to coupons This fouling had slightly less coverage in the lower part (with oxide nanoparticles)

o Accelerated salt spray tests an increase in mean measured roughness (Image Ra) is observed in the coupons by means of AFM Microscopy after exposure

5 AF One-layer steel coated coupons in the splash zone both parts of the coupons with and without graphene

oxide have shown clear rusting whitening of the coating and delamination in the images with a greater corrosion creepage in the upper part (non additivated) which increased in comparison to previous phases

6 Tecnaliarsquos samples marine trials were finished

7 Fibre rope coupons heavy marine growth (barnacles algaehellip) was observed in the tidal zone and some rusting in the metal core of the edges of the ropes

8 Coupons from the offshore chain clear rusting was shown in the uncoated ones while the coated ones showed relevant degradation of the TSA (Thermally Sprayed Aluminium) coating especially in the tidal and submerged zone In submerged zone all the coupons were completely covered by macro-fouling TSA coating was observed to be damaged particularly by barnacle growth Corrosion rate estimated in submerged zone for uncoated chain coupons indicates a decrease of corrosion rate with time (from 020 to 012 mmyear) Corrosion rate is in good agreement with literature values for offshore chains [16]

9 CLIMAT (Wire-on-bolt) coupons First results for the MCI (Marine Corrosion Index) and ACI (Atmospheric

Corrosion Index) values were obtained for splash and atmospheric zones Following the classification of atmospheric corrosivity [17] Helgoland was classified as very severe and Santander (CTCs facilities) as moderate The indexes were in good agreement with theoretical values


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 18 of 20

3 MAIN LEARNING OUTCOMES

31 PROGRESS MADE All the planned coupons in the test plan have been installed in the marine test rig and to the atmospheric test rig We have exposed all the coupons planned by the UG for this phase Laboratory tests started but more results will be obtained in next phase Results in composite polyester coupons coated steel plates and chain slide coupons were obtained

311 Progress Made For This User-Group or Technology In this technology new materials have been tested in the marine environment to check their behaviour In this phase we have continued the testing already initiated We will have to wait to obtain more results basically because corrosion testing takes time to give relevant information especially in coated coupons AFM images were obtained from the surface of unexposed coated steel samples

3111 Next Steps for Research or Staged Development Plan ndash ExitChange amp RetestProceed

As we have planned the next steps and further results are in the near future for the Fourth Phase as some members the UG are going to start their testing in the different facilities Environmental tests are on-going in offshore and atmospheric marine condition More coupons will be removed and analysed at laboratory in the next phase Accelerated laboratory test are on-going and more results will be shown in the next phase

312 Progress Made For Marine Renewable Energy Industry The UG have started testing different materials used in MRE devices and so far the beneficial effect of coating in the chains has been observed The fibre rope has also been affected by fouling and corrosion Also the marine growth must be considered as it effect is not only due to increase in weight over the structure and itrsquos not only applied to steel structures AF paints tested used in MRE devices didnacutet show a reliable behaviour in long term structures Both mooring systems are commonly used as a solution for mooring the MRE devices Data of atmospheric corrosivity was also obtained at different test sites Corrosion rates were estimated for submerged uncoated chains Therefore these results will be interesting for the durability of MRE devices

32 KEY LESSONS LEARNED

Modified a test plan taking account of possible problems

The collaboration with companies to give coupons ldquoin kindrdquo is interesting

Preparing the coupons to be strongly attached in the testing rig is important for field tests

Coating affects significantly the corrosion and fouling process in offshore chains fibre ropes and steel plates

Oxidation of the metallic core of the fibre ropes was observed

Composite coupons are also affected by marine growth and their mechanical properties are affected by the environmental conditions

The addition of MWCNT has improved the durability of composite polyester coupons

AF topcoat is partially effective in submerged zone slightly improve in this case of nanoparticles addition In the other hand better resistance to fouling was observed in tidal zone

AF coating unexposed surface shows differences between the samples with and without nanoparticles addition in AFM microscope An increase in roughness is also observed after salt spray tests

Estimated corrosion rates in chain slides show good agreement with theoretical values in continuously immersed offshore chains

Atmospheric corrosivity data showed good agreement with theoretical values


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 19 of 20

4 FURTHER INFORMATION

41 SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS List of any scientific publications made (already or planned) as a result of this work (in all the phases of the project)

EUROCORR 2013 Poster in EUROCORR 2013 Congress (wwweurocorr2013org) titled ldquoFirst experiences in the assessment and mitigation of marine corrosion in metallic components for Marine Renewable Energy devicesrdquo [15] was shown

THETIS Energy Marine Renewable 2013 A Poster session titled ldquoAssessment and mitigation of marine corrosion in metallic components in Marine Renewable Energy devices first experiences from offshore field tests in the North Seardquo about the first phase work was presented (httpwwwthetis-emrcomarticles62-THETIS_MRE_chooses_Brest_to_power_ahead_in_2013 )

IWEC 2014 A paper titled ldquoDegradation and corrosion testing of materials and coating systems for offshore wind turbine substructures in North Sea watersrdquo was presented in a session conference (wwwiwec2014de)

42 WEBSITE amp SOCIAL MEDIA Website httpctcomponentesesencomare-2[10]5010

5 REFERENCES

[1] ASTM Standard G116 ndash 99 (2010) ldquoStandard Practice for Conducting Wire-on-Bolt Test for Atmospheric Galvanic Corrosionrdquo ASTM International West Conshohocken PA wwwastmorg 2010

[2] ISO 8407 ldquoCorrosion of metals and alloys Removal of corrosion products from corrosion test specimensrdquo 2009

[3] EN 12224 ldquoGeotextile and geotextile-related products Determination of resistance to weatheringrdquo 2000

[4] ISO 9227 ldquoCorrosion tests in artificial atmospheres Salt spray testsrdquo 2012

[5] Fernandez D Rodriacuteguez R Rodriacuteguez A Yedra A ldquoDegradation and corrosion testing of materials and coating systems for offshore wind turbine substructures in North Sea watersrdquo Proceedings in IWEC 2014 Conference Section 31 Hannover Germany September 2014

[6] Gorrochategui I Rodriacuteguez Arias R Fernaacutendez D De la Fuente D Morcillo M Jorcin JB Azcarate I

Madina V Schnars H ldquoAssessment and mitigation of Marine Corrosion in metallic components in Marine Renewable Energy (MRE) devices (Phase 1)rdquo CTC-CENIM-TECNALIA Infrastructure owner Fraunhofer IWES MARINET Infrastructure Access Report CoMaRE Phase 1 March 2013 Available in httpwwwfp7-marineteupublicdocsCoMaRE_Phase1_Access_Period201pdf

[7] Fernaacutendez de Rucoba D Rodriacuteguez Arias R De la Fuente D Morcillo M Jorcin JB Tejero M Madina V

Schnars H ldquoAssessment and mitigation of Marine Corrosion in metallic components in Marine Renewable Energy (MRE) devices (Phase 2)rdquo CTC-CENIM-TECNALIA Infrastructure owner Fraunhofer IWES MARINET Infrastructure Access Report CoMaRE Phase 2 November 2013 Available in httpwwwfp7-marineteupublicdocsInfrastructure_Access_Report_CoMaRE20Phase202pdf


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 20 of 20

[8] Fernaacutendez de Rucoba D Rodriacuteguez Arias R De la Fuente D Morcillo M Jorcin JB Tejero M Houmlrnig M

Kranz OH ldquoAssessment and mitigation of Marine Corrosion in metallic components in Marine Renewable Energy (MRE) devices (Phase 3)rdquo CTC-CENIM-TECNALIA Infrastructure owner Fraunhofer IWES MARINET Infrastructure Access Report CoMaRE Phase 3 August 2015

[9] ASTM D1141-98 ldquoStandard Practice for Preparing Substitute Ocean Waterrdquo ASTM International West Conshohocken PA wwwastmorg 2003

[10] Baboian R et alt ldquoCorrosion Test and Standards Application and Interpretationrdquo Section V Testing in Environments Chapter 30 ldquoSeawaterrdquo Shifler DA Aylor DM 2nd Edition ASTM International West Conshohocken PA wwwastmorg 2005

[11] Stenzel V Plagemann P Momber AW Schneider M ldquoCombined Field-Laboratory Studies on Corrosion Protection for Offshore Windenergy Towersrdquo 4th Intern Symp on Protective Coatings Bombay 2006

[12] Rivero S Chico B de la Fuente D Morcillo M ldquoAtmospheric corrosion of low carbon steel in a polar marine environment Study of the effect of wind regime rdquo (in Spanish) Rev de Metalurgia 43(5) pp 370-383 September 2007

[13] Morcillo M Otero E Chico B de la Fuente D ldquoAtmospheric corrosion studies in a decommissioned nuclear power plantrdquo Nuclear Power Pavel Tsvetkov (Ed) ISBN 978-953-307-110-7 InTech 2010 Available from httpwwwintechopencombooksnuclear-poweratmospheric-corrosion-studies-in-a-retired-nuclear-powerplant

[14] Klassen RD Roberge PR Lenard DR Blenkinsop GN Corrosivity Patterns Near Sources of Salt

Aerosols Outdoor Atmospheric Corrosion ASTM STP 1421 H E Townsend Ed American Society for Testing and Materials International (ASTM) West Conshohocken PA wwwastmorg 2002

[15] Fernaacutendez D Rodriacuteguez R Gorrochategui I ldquoFirst experiences in the assessment and mitigation of marine corrosion in metallic components for Marine Renewable Energy devicesrdquo EUROCORR 2013 Congress European Corrosion Congress Poster September 2013

[16] Melchers RE Moan T Gao Z ldquoCorrosion of working chains continuously immersed in seawaterrdquo J

Mater Sci Tech 12 102-110 Springer June 2006

[17] Roberge PR ldquoHandbook of Corrosion Engineeringrdquo Chapter 2 Environments Ed Mc Graw-Hill 2000


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 of 20

ABOUT MARINET MARINET (Marine Renewables Infrastructure Network for emerging Energy Technologies) is an EC-funded network of research centres and organisations that are working together to accelerate the development of marine renewable energy - wave tidal amp offshore-wind The initiative is funded through the ECs Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) and runs for four years until 2015 The network of 29 partners with 42 specialist marine research facilities is spread across 11 EU countries and 1 International Cooperation Partner Country (Brazil) MARINET offers periods of free-of-charge access to test facilities at a range of world-class research centres Companies and research groups can avail of this Transnational Access (TA) to test devices at any scale in areas such as wave energy tidal energy offshore-wind energy and environmental data or to conduct tests on cross-cutting areas such as power take-off systems grid integration materials or moorings In total over 700 weeks of access is available to an estimated 300 projects and 800 external users with at least four calls for access applications over the 4-year initiative MARINET partners are also working to implement common standards for testing in order to streamline the development process conducting research to improve testing capabilities across the network providing training at various facilities in the network in order to enhance personnel expertise and organising industry networking events in order to facilitate partnerships and knowledge exchange The aim of the initiative is to streamline the capabilities of test infrastructures in order to enhance their impact and accelerate the commercialisation of marine renewable energy See wwwfp7-marineteu for more details

Partners

Ireland University College Cork HMRC (UCC_HMRC)

Coordinator

Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland (SEAI_OEDU)

Denmark Aalborg Universitet (AAU)

Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (RISOE)

France EcoleCentrale de Nantes (ECN)

Institut Franccedilais de Recherche Pour lExploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)

United Kingdom National Renewable Energy Centre Ltd (NAREC)

The University of Exeter (UNEXE)

European Marine Energy Centre Ltd (EMEC)

University of Strathclyde (UNI_STRATH)

The University of Edinburgh (UEDIN)

Queenrsquos University Belfast (QUB)

PlymouthUniversity(PU)

Spain Ente Vasco de la Energiacutea (EVE)

Tecnalia Research amp Innovation Foundation (TECNALIA)

Belgium 1-Tech (1_TECH)

Netherlands Stichting Tidal Testing Centre (TTC)

StichtingEnergieonderzoek Centrum Nederland (ECNeth)

Germany Fraunhofer-GesellschaftZurFoerderung Der AngewandtenForschung EV (Fh_IWES)

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universitaumlt Hannover (LUH)

Universitaet Stuttgart (USTUTT)

Portugal Wave Energy Centre ndash Centro de Energia das Ondas (WavEC)

Italy UniversitagravedegliStudi di Firenze (UNIFI-CRIACIV)

UniversitagravedegliStudi di Firenze (UNIFI-PIN)

UniversitagravedegliStudidellaTuscia (UNI_TUS)

ConsiglioNazionaledelleRicerche (CNR-INSEAN)

Brazil Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnoloacutegicas do Estado de Satildeo Paulo SA (IPT)

Norway SintefEnergi AS (SINTEF)

NorgesTeknisk-NaturvitenskapeligeUniversitet (NTNU)


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 3 of 20



Distribution Public











Manager

Status (DraftFinal)


Draft




Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 4 of 20













Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 5 of 20



Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 6 of 20

CONTENTS












5 REFERENCES 19


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 7 of 20









Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 8 of 20























Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 9 of 20



21 SETUP











Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 10 of 20


22 TESTS



Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 11 of 20


Project Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48



Prepreg Epoxi+GF

CLIMAT





Malleta D=38mm

Combirope D=18mm




1st Access Period

2nd Access Period

3rd Access Period

5th Access Period

6th Access Period

Visits to Helgoland

Visual inspections

Workshops

Other

Closing Calls

CTC visits


Install probes

Remove probes

2012 2013 2014 2015

v v

v

v v


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 12 of 20








Lab (250x25mm)




CLIMAT 4 - - 4 -











Lab (150x75mm)






Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 13 of 20



Helgoland CTC








Helgoland CTC


HSS 8 8 8 - -





Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 14 of 20




0000

0025

0050

0075

0100

0125

0150

0175

0200

0225

0 6 12 18 24 30

corr

osi

on

rat

e m

my

Time (months)

R5S Submerged

1018

1593

22512346

0

50

100

150

200

250

0 6 12 18 24 30

Co

rro

sio

n d

ep

th micro

m

Time (months)

R3S Submerged


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 15 of 20




000

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000

50000


Ra

[nm

]



Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 16 of 20

Spla

sh

Tid

al

Sub

me

rge

d







Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 17 of 20






parts
















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 18 of 20




















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 19 of 20







5 REFERENCES











Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 20 of 20















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 of 20



Distribution Public











Manager

Status (DraftFinal)


Draft




Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 4 of 20













Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 5 of 20



Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 6 of 20

CONTENTS












5 REFERENCES 19


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 7 of 20









Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 8 of 20























Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 9 of 20



21 SETUP











Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 10 of 20


22 TESTS



Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 11 of 20


Project Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48



Prepreg Epoxi+GF

CLIMAT





Malleta D=38mm

Combirope D=18mm




1st Access Period

2nd Access Period

3rd Access Period

5th Access Period

6th Access Period

Visits to Helgoland

Visual inspections

Workshops

Other

Closing Calls

CTC visits


Install probes

Remove probes

2012 2013 2014 2015

v v

v

v v


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 12 of 20








Lab (250x25mm)




CLIMAT 4 - - 4 -











Lab (150x75mm)






Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 13 of 20



Helgoland CTC








Helgoland CTC


HSS 8 8 8 - -





Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 14 of 20




0000

0025

0050

0075

0100

0125

0150

0175

0200

0225

0 6 12 18 24 30

corr

osi

on

rat

e m

my

Time (months)

R5S Submerged

1018

1593

22512346

0

50

100

150

200

250

0 6 12 18 24 30

Co

rro

sio

n d

ep

th micro

m

Time (months)

R3S Submerged


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 15 of 20




000

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000

50000


Ra

[nm

]



Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 16 of 20

Spla

sh

Tid

al

Sub

me

rge

d







Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 17 of 20






parts
















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 18 of 20




















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 19 of 20







5 REFERENCES











Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 20 of 20















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 of 20













Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 5 of 20



Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 6 of 20

CONTENTS












5 REFERENCES 19


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 7 of 20









Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 8 of 20























Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 9 of 20



21 SETUP











Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 10 of 20


22 TESTS



Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 11 of 20


Project Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48



Prepreg Epoxi+GF

CLIMAT





Malleta D=38mm

Combirope D=18mm




1st Access Period

2nd Access Period

3rd Access Period

5th Access Period

6th Access Period

Visits to Helgoland

Visual inspections

Workshops

Other

Closing Calls

CTC visits


Install probes

Remove probes

2012 2013 2014 2015

v v

v

v v


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 12 of 20








Lab (250x25mm)




CLIMAT 4 - - 4 -











Lab (150x75mm)






Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 13 of 20



Helgoland CTC








Helgoland CTC


HSS 8 8 8 - -





Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 14 of 20




0000

0025

0050

0075

0100

0125

0150

0175

0200

0225

0 6 12 18 24 30

corr

osi

on

rat

e m

my

Time (months)

R5S Submerged

1018

1593

22512346

0

50

100

150

200

250

0 6 12 18 24 30

Co

rro

sio

n d

ep

th micro

m

Time (months)

R3S Submerged


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 15 of 20




000

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000

50000


Ra

[nm

]



Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 16 of 20

Spla

sh

Tid

al

Sub

me

rge

d







Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 17 of 20






parts
















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 18 of 20




















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 19 of 20







5 REFERENCES











Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 20 of 20















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 of 20



Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 6 of 20

CONTENTS












5 REFERENCES 19


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 7 of 20









Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 8 of 20























Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 9 of 20



21 SETUP











Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 10 of 20


22 TESTS



Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 11 of 20


Project Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48



Prepreg Epoxi+GF

CLIMAT





Malleta D=38mm

Combirope D=18mm




1st Access Period

2nd Access Period

3rd Access Period

5th Access Period

6th Access Period

Visits to Helgoland

Visual inspections

Workshops

Other

Closing Calls

CTC visits


Install probes

Remove probes

2012 2013 2014 2015

v v

v

v v


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 12 of 20








Lab (250x25mm)




CLIMAT 4 - - 4 -











Lab (150x75mm)






Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 13 of 20



Helgoland CTC








Helgoland CTC


HSS 8 8 8 - -





Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 14 of 20




0000

0025

0050

0075

0100

0125

0150

0175

0200

0225

0 6 12 18 24 30

corr

osi

on

rat

e m

my

Time (months)

R5S Submerged

1018

1593

22512346

0

50

100

150

200

250

0 6 12 18 24 30

Co

rro

sio

n d

ep

th micro

m

Time (months)

R3S Submerged


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 15 of 20




000

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000

50000


Ra

[nm

]



Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 16 of 20

Spla

sh

Tid

al

Sub

me

rge

d







Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 17 of 20






parts
















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 18 of 20




















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 19 of 20







5 REFERENCES











Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 20 of 20















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 of 20

CONTENTS












5 REFERENCES 19


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 7 of 20









Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 8 of 20























Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 9 of 20



21 SETUP











Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 10 of 20


22 TESTS



Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 11 of 20


Project Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48



Prepreg Epoxi+GF

CLIMAT





Malleta D=38mm

Combirope D=18mm




1st Access Period

2nd Access Period

3rd Access Period

5th Access Period

6th Access Period

Visits to Helgoland

Visual inspections

Workshops

Other

Closing Calls

CTC visits


Install probes

Remove probes

2012 2013 2014 2015

v v

v

v v


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 12 of 20








Lab (250x25mm)




CLIMAT 4 - - 4 -











Lab (150x75mm)






Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 13 of 20



Helgoland CTC








Helgoland CTC


HSS 8 8 8 - -





Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 14 of 20




0000

0025

0050

0075

0100

0125

0150

0175

0200

0225

0 6 12 18 24 30

corr

osi

on

rat

e m

my

Time (months)

R5S Submerged

1018

1593

22512346

0

50

100

150

200

250

0 6 12 18 24 30

Co

rro

sio

n d

ep

th micro

m

Time (months)

R3S Submerged


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 15 of 20




000

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000

50000


Ra

[nm

]



Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 16 of 20

Spla

sh

Tid

al

Sub

me

rge

d







Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 17 of 20






parts
















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 18 of 20




















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 19 of 20







5 REFERENCES











Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 20 of 20















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 of 20









Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 8 of 20























Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 9 of 20



21 SETUP











Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 10 of 20


22 TESTS



Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 11 of 20


Project Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48



Prepreg Epoxi+GF

CLIMAT





Malleta D=38mm

Combirope D=18mm




1st Access Period

2nd Access Period

3rd Access Period

5th Access Period

6th Access Period

Visits to Helgoland

Visual inspections

Workshops

Other

Closing Calls

CTC visits


Install probes

Remove probes

2012 2013 2014 2015

v v

v

v v


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 12 of 20








Lab (250x25mm)




CLIMAT 4 - - 4 -











Lab (150x75mm)






Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 13 of 20



Helgoland CTC








Helgoland CTC


HSS 8 8 8 - -





Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 14 of 20




0000

0025

0050

0075

0100

0125

0150

0175

0200

0225

0 6 12 18 24 30

corr

osi

on

rat

e m

my

Time (months)

R5S Submerged

1018

1593

22512346

0

50

100

150

200

250

0 6 12 18 24 30

Co

rro

sio

n d

ep

th micro

m

Time (months)

R3S Submerged


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 15 of 20




000

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000

50000


Ra

[nm

]



Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 16 of 20

Spla

sh

Tid

al

Sub

me

rge

d







Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 17 of 20






parts
















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 18 of 20




















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 19 of 20







5 REFERENCES











Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 20 of 20















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 of 20























Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 9 of 20



21 SETUP











Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 10 of 20


22 TESTS



Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 11 of 20


Project Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48



Prepreg Epoxi+GF

CLIMAT





Malleta D=38mm

Combirope D=18mm




1st Access Period

2nd Access Period

3rd Access Period

5th Access Period

6th Access Period

Visits to Helgoland

Visual inspections

Workshops

Other

Closing Calls

CTC visits


Install probes

Remove probes

2012 2013 2014 2015

v v

v

v v


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 12 of 20








Lab (250x25mm)




CLIMAT 4 - - 4 -











Lab (150x75mm)






Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 13 of 20



Helgoland CTC








Helgoland CTC


HSS 8 8 8 - -





Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 14 of 20




0000

0025

0050

0075

0100

0125

0150

0175

0200

0225

0 6 12 18 24 30

corr

osi

on

rat

e m

my

Time (months)

R5S Submerged

1018

1593

22512346

0

50

100

150

200

250

0 6 12 18 24 30

Co

rro

sio

n d

ep

th micro

m

Time (months)

R3S Submerged


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 15 of 20




000

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000

50000


Ra

[nm

]



Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 16 of 20

Spla

sh

Tid

al

Sub

me

rge

d







Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 17 of 20






parts
















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 18 of 20




















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 19 of 20







5 REFERENCES











Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 20 of 20















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 of 20



21 SETUP











Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 10 of 20


22 TESTS



Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 11 of 20


Project Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48



Prepreg Epoxi+GF

CLIMAT





Malleta D=38mm

Combirope D=18mm




1st Access Period

2nd Access Period

3rd Access Period

5th Access Period

6th Access Period

Visits to Helgoland

Visual inspections

Workshops

Other

Closing Calls

CTC visits


Install probes

Remove probes

2012 2013 2014 2015

v v

v

v v


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 12 of 20








Lab (250x25mm)




CLIMAT 4 - - 4 -











Lab (150x75mm)






Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 13 of 20



Helgoland CTC








Helgoland CTC


HSS 8 8 8 - -





Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 14 of 20




0000

0025

0050

0075

0100

0125

0150

0175

0200

0225

0 6 12 18 24 30

corr

osi

on

rat

e m

my

Time (months)

R5S Submerged

1018

1593

22512346

0

50

100

150

200

250

0 6 12 18 24 30

Co

rro

sio

n d

ep

th micro

m

Time (months)

R3S Submerged


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 15 of 20




000

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000

50000


Ra

[nm

]



Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 16 of 20

Spla

sh

Tid

al

Sub

me

rge

d







Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 17 of 20






parts
















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 18 of 20




















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 19 of 20







5 REFERENCES











Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 20 of 20















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 of 20


22 TESTS



Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 11 of 20


Project Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48



Prepreg Epoxi+GF

CLIMAT





Malleta D=38mm

Combirope D=18mm




1st Access Period

2nd Access Period

3rd Access Period

5th Access Period

6th Access Period

Visits to Helgoland

Visual inspections

Workshops

Other

Closing Calls

CTC visits


Install probes

Remove probes

2012 2013 2014 2015

v v

v

v v


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 12 of 20








Lab (250x25mm)




CLIMAT 4 - - 4 -











Lab (150x75mm)






Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 13 of 20



Helgoland CTC








Helgoland CTC


HSS 8 8 8 - -





Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 14 of 20




0000

0025

0050

0075

0100

0125

0150

0175

0200

0225

0 6 12 18 24 30

corr

osi

on

rat

e m

my

Time (months)

R5S Submerged

1018

1593

22512346

0

50

100

150

200

250

0 6 12 18 24 30

Co

rro

sio

n d

ep

th micro

m

Time (months)

R3S Submerged


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 15 of 20




000

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000

50000


Ra

[nm

]



Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 16 of 20

Spla

sh

Tid

al

Sub

me

rge

d







Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 17 of 20






parts
















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 18 of 20




















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 19 of 20







5 REFERENCES











Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 20 of 20















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Project Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48



Prepreg Epoxi+GF

CLIMAT





Malleta D=38mm

Combirope D=18mm




1st Access Period

2nd Access Period

3rd Access Period

5th Access Period

6th Access Period

Visits to Helgoland

Visual inspections

Workshops

Other

Closing Calls

CTC visits


Install probes

Remove probes

2012 2013 2014 2015

v v

v

v v


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 12 of 20








Lab (250x25mm)




CLIMAT 4 - - 4 -











Lab (150x75mm)






Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 13 of 20



Helgoland CTC








Helgoland CTC


HSS 8 8 8 - -





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0000

0025

0050

0075

0100

0125

0150

0175

0200

0225

0 6 12 18 24 30

corr

osi

on

rat

e m

my

Time (months)

R5S Submerged

1018

1593

22512346

0

50

100

150

200

250

0 6 12 18 24 30

Co

rro

sio

n d

ep

th micro

m

Time (months)

R3S Submerged


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000

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000

50000


Ra

[nm

]



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Spla

sh

Tid

al

Sub

me

rge

d







Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 17 of 20






parts
















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5 REFERENCES











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Lab (250x25mm)




CLIMAT 4 - - 4 -











Lab (150x75mm)






Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 13 of 20



Helgoland CTC








Helgoland CTC


HSS 8 8 8 - -





Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 14 of 20




0000

0025

0050

0075

0100

0125

0150

0175

0200

0225

0 6 12 18 24 30

corr

osi

on

rat

e m

my

Time (months)

R5S Submerged

1018

1593

22512346

0

50

100

150

200

250

0 6 12 18 24 30

Co

rro

sio

n d

ep

th micro

m

Time (months)

R3S Submerged


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 15 of 20




000

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000

50000


Ra

[nm

]



Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 16 of 20

Spla

sh

Tid

al

Sub

me

rge

d







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parts
















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5 REFERENCES











Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 20 of 20















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Helgoland CTC








Helgoland CTC


HSS 8 8 8 - -





Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 14 of 20




0000

0025

0050

0075

0100

0125

0150

0175

0200

0225

0 6 12 18 24 30

corr

osi

on

rat

e m

my

Time (months)

R5S Submerged

1018

1593

22512346

0

50

100

150

200

250

0 6 12 18 24 30

Co

rro

sio

n d

ep

th micro

m

Time (months)

R3S Submerged


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 15 of 20




000

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000

50000


Ra

[nm

]



Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 16 of 20

Spla

sh

Tid

al

Sub

me

rge

d







Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 17 of 20






parts
















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 18 of 20




















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 19 of 20







5 REFERENCES











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Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 of 20




0000

0025

0050

0075

0100

0125

0150

0175

0200

0225

0 6 12 18 24 30

corr

osi

on

rat

e m

my

Time (months)

R5S Submerged

1018

1593

22512346

0

50

100

150

200

250

0 6 12 18 24 30

Co

rro

sio

n d

ep

th micro

m

Time (months)

R3S Submerged


Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 15 of 20




000

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000

50000


Ra

[nm

]



Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 16 of 20

Spla

sh

Tid

al

Sub

me

rge

d







Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 17 of 20






parts
















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 18 of 20




















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5 REFERENCES











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000

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000

50000


Ra

[nm

]



Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 16 of 20

Spla

sh

Tid

al

Sub

me

rge

d







Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 17 of 20






parts
















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 18 of 20




















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 19 of 20







5 REFERENCES











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Spla

sh

Tid

al

Sub

me

rge

d







Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 17 of 20






parts
















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 18 of 20




















Rev 02 30-Oct-2015 Page 19 of 20







5 REFERENCES











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parts
















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5 REFERENCES











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5 REFERENCES











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5 REFERENCES











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Assessment and mitigation of Marine Corrosion in metallic ......(Draft/Final) 01 29/10/2015 Draft...

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